Oxalic asidhi

Reserve carboxylic diacid pamwe zvakakomba payakavakirwa C2H2O4 rakatumidzwa enderana Nomenclature ethanedioic acid. remubatanidzwa iyi aizivikanwawo nevamwe anonyanya zita - oxalic acid. Wakatanga neve German kemisiti F. Wohler pamusoro cyanogen (oxalic iine acid dinitrile) muna 1824. Hauoneki crystals of asidhi zvazvichanyungudutswa mvura kuumbika Hauoneki rokugadzirisa. matadza kurema ndiwo 90,04 g / mol. In chitarisiko afanane monoclinic Hauoneki crystals. At 20 ° C muna 100 g mvura yakanga ichiputswa 8 g oxalic acid. Soluble muna acetone, panyaya iyi uye ethyl Eteri. Density 1.36 g / cm³. Unodzora pa 189,5 ° C, sublimes pa 125 ° C, uchiora pa 100-130 ° C.

makemikari zvivako chakanangana carboxylic acids, oxalic asidhi ane. Formula nayo: HOOC-COOH. Pasinei chokwadi kuti rinoreva carboxylic acids anonzi yakasimba makemikari asidhi (3000 nguva akasimba kupfuura acetic acid): C2O4H2 → C2O4H- + H + (pKa = 1.27) uye zvakare: C2O4H- → C2O42 - + H + (PK = 4.27). Esters uye munyu wenyika asidhi iyi dzinonzi oxalate. C2O42- oxalate Ion chinhu achidzikisa zvaanoda. In zvakaitwa oxalic asidhi ine mhinduro kuti potassium permanganate (KMnO4) uye yokupedzisira iri kuzovazve mhinduro anova Hauoneki. It kunoratidzwa reversible maitiro uye zvishoma nezvishoma ruchiyerera maitiro pamwe alcohols (esterification) somugumisiro iyo esters vari aumba: HOOC-COOH + 2HOR ↔ 2H2O + ROOC-COOR.

In indasitiri, oxalic acid, yaunganidzwa oxidation yacho makemikari. Somuenzaniso, pamberi imwe vanadium tiwedzere (V2O5) musanganiswa nitric asidhi (HNO3) uye sulfuric (H2SO4) acids oxidize alcohols, glycols uye makabhohaidhiretsi. Uyewo dzakakodzera nzira ethylene uye acetylene oxidation pamwe nitric asidhi (HNO3) pamberi palladium munyu pamusoro Pd (NO3) 2 kana PdCl2. Oxalic asidhi rinobudiswa kubva propylene, imwe mvura icho oxidized nokuda senitrogen yakasviba (NO2). It ane chakanaka tarisiro kwacho nokuda mukugadzirira maitiro asidhi pamwe yavaibvisa hydroxide (NaOH) pamwe carbon monoxide (CO) kuburikidza zvenguva padariro paumbwe yavaibvisa Formate: NaOH + CO → HCOONa. Ipapo akaumba yavaibvisa oxalate uye rehydrogen asunungurwa: NaOH → NaOOC-COONa HCOONa + + H2 ↑. Pakati yavaibvisa oxalate muimba acidic ezvinhu vakawana oxalic asidhi: NaOOC-COONa + 2h + → HOOC-COOH + 2Na +.

mafomu Zvikuru oxalic asidhi - munhu kuchenesa kana zviitwe. Oxalic asidhi anogona zvinobudirira kubvisa ngura, saka vazhinji yokuchenesa rinoreva vanoumba makemikari akakura. About kota oxalic asidhi anogadzirwa rinoshandiswa senzira mordant kudhaya ari dzomugungwa uye Whitehead Textile Mazinga. It rinogona kushandiswa senzira reagent (GOST 22180-76) muna Analytical kemisitiri. Etandioevaya iine acid dihydrate (HOOC-COOH • H2O) TU 2431-002-77057039-2006 ane gobvu chikamu chikuru fuma ≥ 99,3% rinoshandiswa kugadzirwa dzinotsanagura makemikari kwetunhu nokuda wokunatswa nengura uye chikero simbi kuti bleaching munhu sectioning microscopy. Nyuchi Kushandisa oxalic iine acid mhinduro ine vakawanda chikamu 3.2% muna shuga manyuchi kuti pakurwisa munhu parasitic pamuShuramiti. Panopera machena zvivako ayo pamusoro kubatwa kusimbisa uye kuvapa glints.

Oxalic asidhi uye oxalates ndiripo miti yakawanda, kusanganisira nhema tii, zvinowanika mhuka. Huru kukuvara kukwana chokuita renal kukundikana, kunoitika nokuda nesungano pakati oxalic asidhi pamwe calcium, zvichiguma kunayisa zvokufonongonwa karusiyamu oxalate (SaS2O4) - huru pakuderedza iri itsvo mabwe. Acid chinokurwadzai kurwadza kwemajoini nokuda kunayisa pamusoro yeimwe yakadai. Oxalic asidhi anogona aumbwa muviri muviri kuti ethylene richibva kwezvakatipoteredza (semuenzaniso, Anti icing at zvinoreva kuti processing ari runways ose dzendege uye ndege, uyewo mamwe manyuko nomunhu). Zvinogona matambudziko oxalate ari mumuviri womunhu inogona huviri. First - kukosha macrocell karusiyamu anosunga oxalic asidhi uye kushaikwa kwayo achiumbwa masero ose nyama uye nhengo dzomuviri. Wechipiri - paumbwe itsvo namabwe. Mukuru Huwandu oxalic asidhi iri sipinachi mashizha madzinde pamusoro rhubarb, zvakarungwa, beets, parsley, scallions.