Osmosis - a ... chii Reverse Osmosis?

Osmotic pezvakaitwa dzinobva chaiwo mano solvent kupfuura kubva kuramba svikiro, vachisiya wokumwe chicherwa inoramba. okupedzisira kunonoka kupa semipermeable Kamudzira uye kumanikidzwa nenguva iyo simba uye diffusion kunoitika (dzakayerera). In zvatinosiita Mupfungwa osmosis - mupise ichi, izvo chinopa mvura yokunatsa. Nokuti ziso kumiririrwa iyi, unogona kureva mabikirwo desalination uye mvura mbereko.

Kuwana akachena mvura kunoitika somugumisiro dzinongoitika ndima yayo kuburikidza chaiwo zvipingamupinyi, shure izvo zvisingadiwi zvicherwa. Marine neizvi osmosis chokugadza kunoita kuti anunure mvura kubva munyu. In indasitiri uye mishonga, somunhu mutemo, nokungwarira Mabatirwo aqueous vezvenhau kunodiwa kubudisa zvimwe yeimwe.

neizvi osmosis

In mashoko rokuchenesa basa zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa neizvi osmosis. Masayendisiti akawana mano zvipuka zvine masero akawanda zvinenge zvakaitika kana vanochengeta mvura. Sero rimwe nerimwe rine Kamudzira anomuitira mu filters, izvo zvinopa ndima mvura, asi zvakaoma uye kusiya polurastvorennye zvinhu. Nokufamba azvaiitwa rinoitwa muviri - pokugara utano mumuviri uye zvinokachidza kubva gang - pamusoro zvinopesana, anonyorwa. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti osmosis - ari dzinongoitika muitiro, asi kazhinji kumanikidza rinoshandiswa kuzadzisa nani okuchenesa zvabuda.

Saka, kune mvura semipermeable Kamudzira kuchaita ndima H2 O ukaparadzawo mairi ari kunonoka Kufananidzira chete kusvikira panowanikwa zvakanyatsoenzana ane pfungwa yokushanda svikiro. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti osmosis - ichi diffusion zvakananga yatisingagoni kutaura kana simba yepanyama kumanikidzwa rinotanga kusapfuudza hydraulic.

harungashandurwi osmosis membranes

In anogadzira zvinhu membranes kuti osmosis kushandisa chakaita zvokugadzirwa Polymers. The chikuru basa zvakadaro zvine maatomu akafanana kupa chipingamupinyi yakakwirira samolecular uremu tsvina, apo kupa ndima shoma-samolecular zvinhu, kusanganisira okisijeni, carbon dioxide uye kuiisa chlorine.

Dzakavakwa pamusoro polymeric membranes harungashandurwi osmosis mvura gadziriro zviite kupatsanurwa nemvura kubva netsvina yakachena. Kusiyana nevamwe nzira ano filtration, osmosis kunosanganisira kuvapo mvura kumativi maviri rokuti filtration. Zvisinei, rimwe divi ndiye kutekeshera (mvura yakachena), uye vamwe - the Urume pamwe nouipi, ramakagadzwa kungava munyu, colloids, mabhakitiriya uye organics siyana.

Negoho osmosis membranes kuti

Chakagadzirwa neizvi osmosis kwacho kunyatsoshanda anokwanisa kubata avhareji 20% yose mvura. Zvisinei, vamwe yepamusorosoro zvivako kuuya ichi Nhamba 80%. Chimwe chinhu chiri vakawanda zvikuru kushandiswa osmosis filters kuti vari dzisingambosvikiki kuti vakawanda mutengi. Zvisinei, zvinopesana neizvi osmosis gadziriro iri parizvino vaiona chimwe chezvinhu yepamusoro uye yemhando ruzivo kurapa mvura chero yepamusoro.

Prefilters

Kazhinji, zvinopesana neizvi osmosis gadziriro Kunoumbwa anoverengeka zvokukura mupise. The kwokutanga chipingamupinyi utachiona netsvina mumvura inova prefilter. Basa rake harisi zvikuru mukugadzirwa emvura wechipfuwo kushandiswa, sezvo zvikuru wokunatswa zvinhu zvinogona kukuvadza Kamudzira huru firita. Zvikurukuru, Panguva ino harungashandurwi osmosis maitiro sokunonoka kuiisa chlorine nezvimwe netsvina, zvisingadiwi kuonana postfilter.

Kazhinji, kushandiswa kutanga wokunatswa kabhoni filters - vari yaiwanzoshandiswa katuriji yokutevedzera. Carbon "abudise" kunobvisa mvura kubva kuiisa chlorine, izvo zvinokuvadza kuti Kamudzira polymer. Kuti zvinokosha kunzwisisa kukosha uye nemvura kugadzirira iyo inogona kupatsanurwa ne osmosis. Water kucheneswa - zvinobva pfungwa nemaonero kuchengeteka filtration michina? Zvikurukuru kudzivirirwa kubva kwemakemikari pezvakaitwa kuti kuparadza nemamiriro pakuchenesa zvinhu. Kubviswa kuiisa chlorine pamusoro chete rokutanga Danho kuchawedzera zvikuru hurefu wegadziriro.

post-mupise Kamudzira

Pane mhando mbiri chikuru membranes kuti filtration - vari sandarara uye tubular. Flat firimu womuenzaniso inomiririra zvigadzirwa kuva chisimbiso kana substrate somunhu substrate. For neizvi osmosis osmosis inowanzoshandiswa multilayer shanduro sezvamakaropafadzwa mumwe firimu rakagadzirirwa imwe mutoro. Mujinga rukoko yemanyorero anotakura Kamudzira muedzo kana kutsigira basa, wechipiri - rinobatanidzwa zvakananga filtration uye wokupedzisira - anotidzivirira kwokunze.

Tubular muenzaniso - sefa dzemvura dzinotakurika, osmosis iyo inopiwa chaizvo fibers vane dhayamita anosvika 0.5 mm. Mukaha internet mamiriro anoonekwa kuti zvikuru okuchenesa. Nokuda duku kukura Kamudzira fibers, hombe vanoshanda huri inopiwa. Asi nokungwarira mupise musimboti uye zvareva kuti chinokosha kushayikwa - tubular membranes vari kukurumidza zvakasvibiswa, rinoda yepamusoro mvura kurapwa.

Installation uye mashandiro nheyo filters

Kupa Zvinokosha zvakaisvonaka uye vakarongeka yokuzvinatsa zvinoda runoenzanirana kugadzwa zvokushandisa, kupa nokuti tichigumisa Sefa redunhu uye unobva pombi. Kazhinji, kugadzwa neizvi osmosis kunosanganisira pakusuma uye booster pombi, nokuda iyo hazvizivi kumanikidzwa akasikwa. Kune sensors vamatunhu uye vakaderera kuvafurira.

Mvura iri akapa kune neizvi osmosis kugadzwa zvakananga kubva pombi, uye ipapo zvinoenda pre-Sefa kubudiswa marasha. The Pombi chatangwa pashure rokutanga mvura kurapwa Sefa, asi kune membrane. Kupfuura kwokutanga kuchenesa, mvura anopinda pombi chikwata Inlet. The goho pamusoro chikwata ichi zvakabatana imwe rakavharwa-kure vharafu. Kune rimwe divi vharuvhu inofanira kwakabatana kumicheto kuripa kuna pombi nemvura yakachena uye membrane.

Manufacturers uye mitengo

Dzika osmosis pamba, vane mukana kushandisa yepamusoro uye akachena sefa dzemvura dzinotakurika ape vaburitsi Russian uye makambani dzavatorwa. Kunyanya, kambani "Aquaphor" uye "giza" tendera iwe kuisa neizvi osmosis, mitengo yakanga zvichisiyana 8 kusvika 14 zviuru. Kuzora. The musiyano ane chiuru shoma imhaka mabasa uye functionality pamusoro filters kuita. Somuenzaniso, muenzaniso "Prestige MP" ndiro pamusoro rwokuyera "Hot Spring" uye anobvumira mvura salinity. Atoll Kambani rinoshandisa kuvandudza dzinokosha parameters pamusoro yokutevedzera dzavo, chipiriso dikidiki "Patriot" ane 5-danho kuchenesa uye 12-fő tangi nokuda 8,5 zviuru.

Decent kusarudza mudzimai kumusika kuti Kamudzira filters ape Developers Japanese. Somuenzaniso, nyanzvi kambani Osmos ari bhajeti mutsetse rinopa dzichipfekeka neizvi osmosis, izvo mutengo uri 9 zviuru. Pay mumwe 6 zviuru. Unogona kupa musha filtration gadziriro Praktic Osmos, rinova akashongedzerwa ane pombi, yemagetsi kuzvidzora uye otomatiki kugeza yacho membrane.

Zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira ose neizvi osmosis yokuzvinatsa

Nokunaka kuurayiwa chikuru basa iri neizvi osmosis Sefa haana akaenzana. Somuenzaniso, kumwe kugadzwa zvirongo kunyange zvakanaka shanduro vari isingaenzaniswi udzamu okuchenesa. Asi chaizvoizvo chikonzero ichi kuti zvinomutsa chokwadi pamusoro kushanda Kamudzira mano sezvo osmosis - imwe nzira iyo mvura iri kwakadonhera chose. Zvisinei, vazhinji iyezvino mhando kubvumira kuti akuteerere kuchenesa, kuramba mvura mvura mineralization.

Pakati zvazvakashatira neizvi osmosis, uye kudiwa kushandisa multipart michina. filters dzinoverengeka, pamberi tangi, uye branching maitiro haabatanidzi mukana tsindirana kugadzwa zvakadaro gadziriro. Zvisinei, harungashandurwi osmosis filtration, akapa kukura zvichikwira ergonomics kunogona kuva undisputed mutungamiri muboka nzira kuitira mvura yakachena uye utano.