Nikolay Nikolaevich Ge (Artist): Biography uye mabasa

Vakaziva tenzi yomufananidzo, uyewo kusikwa emifananidzo Nhoroondo uye eEvhangeri akava muenzaniso Russian painter Nikolay Nikolaevich Ge. Emhizha kuti tarenda kunoshamisa, akatora nzvimbo yakasimba munhoroondo Russian unyanzvi sezvo mumiririri akabva itsva muiti wechokwadi kufamba.

Uduku uye kuyaruka

Nikolay Nikolaevich Ge, nyanzvi yokudhirowa, ane asian anoratidzwa pakutanga, akaberekwa 27 February, 1831 papurazi Ivanovo Chernigov rwenyika, vari yagara mhuri. Kujairika kuti nzeve zita Russian iye chikwereti kuna sekuru vake, uyo akatamira kubva kuFrance panguva pakuguma XVIII remakore. Chepakutanga, makanyorwa - Gay. kuberekwa mwana rakaenderana inotyisa chirwere chekorera ukasha mumatunhu akawanda Russian, uye kwakauraya noupenyu mai vake, kana Nicholas kutanga asvika chiedza. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, zvose kufunganya pamusoro pake vakanzi mumwe wevakadzi baba serfs.

Maererano netsika yaitonga, dzidzo yake chikuru pamusha waiva mukomana, uye gare gare akaendeswa Kiev, kwaakawana pachikoro chesekondari. Pane uchapupu hwokuti iyi vadzidzisi akaona tarenda rake rinoshamisa wokucheresa, asi baba vangu akanga ari ake nokuda zvimwe zvirongwa. Ndapedza chikoro, iye anokurudzira mwanakomana wake kupinda University of Kiev muna Mathematics Department.

Kubva University of Academy of Arts

Dzivisa kuda kwababa vake Nicholas haana kuda, asi nzvimbo zvidzidzo zvavo kusamuteerera Kiev uye St. Petersburg University, paakange muChikoro rorusununguko Mathematics. Zvisinei, kwete vanorota nezvazvo Nikolay Ge. Artist, kwete yemasvomhu vaigara mweya wake, uye zvose zvikuru vaisimbirira zvakajeka pacharo. vakasununguka nguva All yaaipedza ari Hermitage, nokukopa mifananidzo kuti kuzivikanwa vemifananidzo.

Zvakaguma chaizvo oneka - muna 1850, Nicholas anobva yunivhesiti uye akava mudzidzi ari St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. Pano unowira hwakanakisisa mudzidzisi mukirasi, uye chaizvo kuzivikanwa mumazuva iwayo St. Petersburg Artist P. Basin. Panguva chikoro, akapedza makore matanhatu kudzidza anonyengera ari kutengeswa, uye kuedza kutevedzera Painters vane mabasa vakaita kwaari simba zvikuru pfungwa.

chidhori chacho chikuru makore iwayo aiva Karl Bryullov, uye, maererano vatsoropodzi vakawanda, yokudhirowa Nikolai Ge pachena vanotungamirirwa basa rake. Agamuchira muna 1857 kuti vabudirire kunyora chinyorwa kodzero kuenda Europe tichiregeredza Academy, akabva Russia. Parwendo rwake, akashanyira Switzerland, Germany, France, uye Italy.

Success uye kuzivikanwa

MuRoma, pane musangano mumwe chifananidzo chake pamakore iwayo - A. Ivanova, uyo akashanda ari yokunyora nokudhirowa nyaya yemubhaibheri iyo rinoyemurwa Nikolai Ge. Kunze, sapakutanga, iye opedza nguva yakawanda kunyora Portraits. Mumwe mabasa ake vabudirire zvikuru iyi hunogadzwa 1858 mufananidzo gadzira wake. Asi musoro wake anoramba nyaya dzemuBhaibheri uye chekare.

Muna 1861, pashure Ndadzoka kubva mhiri kwemakungwa, Nikolai Ge rinoratidza chinotevera kuratidzwa panguva Academy of Arts vhidhiyo rake idzva "The Last Supper", iro raiva mhando manyawi. Pasinei nechido negashiro veruzhinji, kusenza vakamubata zvikuru utsinye achipomera munyori mukusimudzira pfuma uye nihilism. Zvinonzi kunyange zvairambidzwa kuita kopi nayo.

Zvose zvakachinja apo kanivhasi kuti muunganidzwa wake pachake akatenga Emperor Alexander II, iyo pakarepo akaita yokudhirowa dzakakurumbira kuzivikanwa. Uyewo Academy of Arts, vachiziva aikoshesa matunhu mifananidzo uye kutaura yokubatana pamwe maonero mambo, ndokukurumidza kukurudzira Nikolai Ge. The Artist akanga paakavapa musoro muzvinafundo.

Kudzokera kuItaly

Chiso chinopenya tibudirire uye watopiwa pamutemo, yokudhirowa Ge Nikolay Nikolaevich muna 1864 vakadzokera Italy, apo anosika yakawanda yokunyora nokudhirowa kuratidza mifananidzo kubva muTestamende Itsva. Chimwe chiitiko of Italian nguva anova musangano rake sydäntä uye basa iri mufananidzo wake.

Hatigoni kubvuma zvose riskiness ari asingashumbi hake, sezvo sydäntä pamutemo rwakaiswa ezvinhu tsotsi, mutizi kubva kururamisira kumwe, uye zvisikwa yomufananidzo ake aigona kuonekwa sezvo enyika nhengo yomuviri. Zvisinei, zvakanga kupenda ichi, akaurayiwa rekodhi nguva - mune purogiramu chete shanu - kuzivikanwa sezvo zvakanakisisa zvavo zvakanyorwa Portraits. Izvo zvakashatirisa guru Nikolai Nikolaevich, kupenda ake "Heralds Yorumuko," munhu rakapera uye akatuma kumba, haana kubudirira chete paruzhinji. Muna 1869, nyanzvi yokudhirowa kuRussia.

Last Petersburg kumwedzi

Rakabatwa mukati upenyu guta, Ge allying ramangwana Peredvizhnik uye ari kushingaira zvinobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa yavo inoratidzirwa rokutanga, wakasvinudza muna 1871. Pairi anoratidza vanhu kwakasimba kuzivikanwa mazuva ano Nounyanzvi "Peter I interrogates Tsarevich Alexei mu Peterhof." The kupenda yave kuzivikanwa pakati vaenzi, kunyange wakadhirowewa Studio atenga P. Tretyakov - akakurumbira Russian nomuteresi uye philanthropist.

Kwemakore mana akazotevera andakapedza muSt Petersburg, yokudhirowa pave maberere pakati Portraits ari dzepamusorosoro vamiririri Russian intelligentsia. Pakati pavo, Turgenev, Nekrasov nevamwe. Panguva iyoyo ndakaona chiedza akasika munhu sculptural mufananidzo V. Belinsky.

Kuenda kuUkraine

Muna 1875, Nikolai mashizha zvachose St. Petersburg uye wakati akatamira Ukraine, anowana muimba Chernigov province. Chikonzero kwake, vatsvakurudzi vanodavira okusika kusagutsikana nezvinhu matambudziko, kuwedzerwa nguva. Kamwe kure noruzha guru raMwari Kye hunoguma zvinenge zvakakwana kuti kupenda makirasi uye vakaita kuti nyaya chitendero uye dzetsika zvakazara. yokunyanyisa kudiwa chete Hunoita kuti atore mumakwenzi uye kunyora tsika Portraits yemo akapfuma.

Creative pamukwidzwa pakuguma womufananidzo wacho upenyu

Muna 1882, Ge akaenda Moscow. Izvi kwaiva kutanga zvitsva rokusika unokwira, kwakaratidzwa pakusikwa pamatende akadai "Exit kubva Last Supper", "Judhasi", "Chokwadi chii" uye mamwe mabasa ari eevangelical dzinotaura. Mumwe ake okupedzisira mifananidzo patafura kuzvidzora asian, rakanyorwa gore asati afa. Gay yokudhirowa, ane Biography hwakada chokuita basa rake, akafa June 13, 1894. Maererano nevaongorori, chikuru kukosha kwoUmambo hwake anganzi muiti wechokwadi kufamba ari mifananidzo iri Gospel nyaya. Izvi Artist Russian Ge akaita mupiro kuti muri nyika.