Neurophysiology - chii ichi? Zvinokosha neurophysiology

Neurophysiology - chikamu physiology kuti inodzidza tsinga uye Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu, izvo ayo chikuru STRUCTURAL dzakabatana. Zvinonzi achisonganira zvepfungwa, ethology, neuroanatomy, uyewo sayenzi dzakawanda dzimwe kuti kudzidza uropi. Zvisinei, ichi mukuru tsanangudzo. Zvinokosha richikura uye teererai vamwe zvinhu zvine chokuita nyaya iyi. Vakawanda vavo.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Yakanga iri XVII remakore, hurukuro iyi yokutanga (hariko zvino) chikamu nesayenzi sezvo neurophysiology yaiswa mberi. Development uye asingagoni kuva, kana kwete kuunganidza mashoko pamusoro histological uye anatomical nemamiriro tsinga. Kuedza kudzidza vezvokurapa chikamu chitsva kwakatanga XIX remakore - asati kuti kwaingova dzidziso. Wokutanga vakaisa mberi Descartes.

Zvisinei, kuedza vakanga pakutanga havana kuda chaizvo. Chinhu chokutanga masayendisiti (Charles F. Bell uye Magendie) akadzidza kuti mushure chikamu posterior musana nemidzi yakarasikirwa nehanya. Uye kana chete anoitwa pamwe mberi - kukwanisa kufamba zvichange zvisisipo.

Asi zvinozivikanwa zvikuru neurophysiological kuedza (izvo, sezvinei, anozivikanwa kuti tose) vakapedza I. P. Pavlov. Ndiye yakawanikwa vakaumbwa hunenge, akapa kuwana chinangwa vanyorwa Neural pezvakaitwa kuti kuitika cerebral cortex. All ichi - neurophysiology. Higher huta basa, izvo zvino mubvunzo, uye rakazivikanwa mukufamba kuedza inoitwa sechikamu vanachiremba chikamu.

tsvakurudzo ano

In neurophysiology, kusiyana neurology, neurobiology nezvimwe sayenzi zvose, pamwe pacho ane kubatana, pane imwe musiyano. Uye ichi: Chikamu chino zveefa zvakananga kukura yose yokungotaura neuroscience zvavo.

Mazuvano sainzi, kufanana mushonga, pandakasvika kure. Uye panguva ino ose mabasa Makavakwa mune neurophysiology rokudzidza uye kunzwisisa integrative basa tsinga. Chii chinoitika tichibatsirwa pose uye akasima electrodes, uyewo chafariz mikana yakawanda yokukurudzira CNS.

Zvisinei, ivo vakapfuurira kukura pakudzidza cellular zvigadziriswe - nayo kunosanganisirawo kushandiswa ano microelectrode unyanzvi. Uyu chaizvo munhu yakaoma uye rakaoma muitiro, nekuti kuti kutanga kudzidza, unofanira 'kurarama "munhu microelectrode mukati dzouropi. Chete nenzira iyi vachawana ruzivo pamusoro kukura chinovhiringidza uye excitation.

Erekitironi microscopy

Rinoshandiswawo nemasayendisiti nhasi. Erekitironi microscopy anopa mukana wokuongorora sei mashoko ari encoded uye inoparadzirwa mu pfungwa dzedu. Zvinokosha Neurophysiology akadzidza, uye kuonga yazvino, varipo kare yose nzvimbo umo masayendisiti vatevedzere Neural network uye munhu Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu. Saizvozvowo, neurophysiology nhasi - zviri uyewo sayenzi chokuita cybernetics, bionics uye kemisitiri. Uye mberi pachena - mazuvano chirwere kwaizotevera Mabatirwo nepfari, multiple sclerosis, sitiroko uye zvetsandanyama nemapfupa ezvinhu zvinetso zviri zvechokwadi.

miedzo zvekuchipatara

Neurophysiology uropi hwomunhu (sezvo uropi uye musana) Anoongorora yayo chaiyo nerevane vachishandisa electrophysiological chipimo nzira. Experimental muitiro - chete nokuda Kufurirwa nevamwe, zvinokwanisika kuti vabudirire chimiro evoked potentials. Izvi bioelectrical anonongedzera.

Nzira Izvi zvinoita kuti vawane ruzivo pamusoro dzichipfekeka mamiriro kwouropi basa rayo zvakadzama kupesana, uye havagoni kunyange chinozoiswa. To musi, nzira iri kushandiswa kunotoda neurophysiology. Chinangwa ndechokuti kutsvaka ruzivo pamusoro mamiriro siyana kutsinga dzinouya gadziriro, zvakadai sekubata, kunzwa, kuona. Panguva iyoyo isu kudzidza sei peripheral tsinga uye nechepakati.

Kushandiswa Nzira iri pachena. Doctors kuwana chinangwa mashoko zvakananga kubva mumuviri. Kubvisa kudiwa bvunzurudza murwere. Chii kunyanya zvazviri vana kana vanhu vane havachanyatsogoni kuziva, izvo nemhaka yezera ravo kana mamiriro haagoni manzwiro angu nemashoko.

sejari

Attention zvinofanira kucherechedzwa, uye ichi wenyaya. Pane here chinonzi kuvhiya neurophysiology. Zviri, nemamwe mashoko, "kushanda" chiyero. Iye vaiita vanachiremba neurophysiologists dzinoshanda pakuvhiya dzirikutaririra sei tsinga murwere. muitiro uyu, kunowanzoguma electrophysiological zveBhaibheri zvimwe nechepakati tsinga nharaunda kuvhiyiwa. Izvi, panzira, rinoreva zvakawanda kunotoda kuranga inonzi neuromonitoring.

Method evoked potentials

Nezvake kuudza zvakawanda. Neurophysiology - kurangwa unokubvumira kuziva zvakawanda zvinokosha zvinogona kukonzera murwere kurapwa. Uye nzira evoked potentials aishanda kutarisana, acoustic, auditory, uye somatosensory transcranial mabasa.

Musimboti ndiro ichi: chiremba anosarudza uye Avharenji dukusa potentials ose bioelectric pfungwa basa, inova mhinduro afferent kuitika. Nzira ndedzechokwadi, nokuti kunosanganisira kushandisa imwe chete algorithm pakupirikira.

Kuburikidza Kutsvakurudza kwakadaro rinozobudawo kuziva murwere chetsinga nepfungwa kunosiyana inegumi, uyewo zvinetso rikarova sensorimotor cortex uropi, the retina conductive nzira, kunzwa nerevane zvichingodaro. D. Uyezve, kukwanisa kuverenga mugumisiro yokutindivadza pamusoro womunhu muviri zvava zvechokwadi. Zvino, tichishandisa nzira iyi, pane kuti kuongorora munhu, kufungidzira kukura kwayo uye kuverenga fungidzira rufu uropi.

specialization

Doctors, neuroscientists havasi chete vanachiremba, asiwo vaongorori. Nokudzidza siyana nyanzvi anogona kuona zvakaomarara havachanyatsogoni sei musimboti tsinga. Izvi zvinopa nzira asimbise kuongororwa zvakarurama uye kugadzwa nomazvo, zvakarurama kurapwa.

Somuenzaniso, imwe zvavo kutemwa - ingava migumisiro vascular kurwadza kwacho uye kwakawedzera intracranial kuvafurira. Asi kakawanda chiri chiratidzo chiri kukura bundu kana kunyange pfari. Sezvineiwo, nhasi pane nzira dzakawanda naro vanachiremba vari kuedza kuwana zviri kuitika murwere. Kwavari iwe unogona kuudza pamagumo.

mhando tsvakurudzo

Saka, kutanga - ndiro eeg kana rheoencephalography sezvazvakanyorwa kunzi navanachiremba. By eeg chirwere chepfari, namamota, kunotevera, anogumbura, uye cerebrovascular chirwere. Chiratidzo nokuda rheoencephalography vari nezvipusha, kugwinha, taura uye ufambe pakurara, uyewo vachangobva vambomira chepfu chepfu. Eeg kudzidza chete inogona kuitwa kunyange kana murwere azheuka.

Reg (electroencephalography) zvinobatsira kuziva zvinokonzera chepfungwa vascular pathologies. Nemhaka yokudzidza ichi zvinoitika kudzidza ropa chokubuda chepfungwa. Research kuitwa nomunyika uropi ane simba mukuru-Frequency ano. It akakurudzira pasi yakakwirira kana kuderedzwa kumanikidzwa uye kutemwa nemusoro. The nzira iri nyarara uye njodzi.

Electroneuromyographic - ichangoburwa nevakawanda tsvakurudzo. It electroneuromyography, kuburikidza iyo inoongorora kukuvadzwa kuti zvakakanganisa peripheral neuromotor midziyo. Zvairatidza ndiyo miosteniya, myotonia, osteochondrosis, uyewo chinopedza, chepfu uye anogumbura zvirwere.