Circum-Baikal Railway: purogiramu, mutengo, mapikicha uye wongororo

A nzvimbo yakasiyana yokuRussia iri kuonekwa Circum-Baikal Railway (Photo kucharatidzwa pazasi). Zita iri kujairika anouya mupfungwa kuti kana uchitarisa map pfungwa iri kuti mugwagwa zvechokwadi anoita denderedzwa.

A zvishomanana nezvendima Circum

The pamusoro rokuremekedza yaiiswa pengarava chikamu Trans-Baikal mutsetse kubva Baikal yemapurisa Mysovaya papuratifomu. Kureba kwayo kwakanga 260? Km. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pari kushingaira chikamu chiri chinokosha Eastern kweSiberia Railroad. Uyezve, panguva iyi rokuti (CBRY) zvakakurumbira kushandisa chete toreva zvaiva pamusoro deadlock kumisa Sludyanka ΙΙ kuna Baikal chinhu. 1949 asati, chikuru nzira Trans-Siberian Railway wakaitwa mundima Circum-Baikal njanji. Sezvineiwo, rimwe mugove (kukwira Mysovaya chikuva) kumusoro uye achiri chikamu Siberian mirayiridzo. A chidimbu Olkhinskoye Plateau (kumaodzanyemba), kuratidza kubva mumusha kusvika Baikal Slyudyanka yemapurisa, kuzivikanwa sezvo shongwe engineering unyanzvi. Zvisinei, pashure pokunge kuisa kushanda rimwe nouya chidimbu w / D mashoko kushandisa mutsetse kubva Irkutsk kuna Slyudyanka akanyangarika. Uye zvakanzi namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara muna 1956. By pakuguma 50s pakuvaka yacho Irkutsk Hydroelectric chiteshi akanga zvachose vakanyura (sezvo pamusana mafashamo enyika dura). Ndokusaka, uye vakaumba akafa-mugumo rwakazara. Kuti mashoko, Circum pamutemo kumbovapo (zvakanga chinokosha munharaunda Trans-Baikal). It aita chete kuzvidzora paiitwa w / D jira. Nhasi, kure iri chikamu East Siberian mbiru.

Research basa mundima

The Ongororo yokutanga chaiitirwa mune nguva kubva 1836 kusvika 1840. mabasa aya anoitwa AI Shtukenberg. Zvisinei, kwokupedzisira kuita kuziva, maererano yaifanira kuvakwa Circum-Baikal Railway, rakapera muna 1894. Nzira yokutanga wabva Irkutsk kusvika gobvu nyanza panyika. Pakutanga, kwakasarudzwa kuramba yokudadira basa pamwe rworudyi kumahombekombe Angara. Nokuti ichi chinangwa akaronga kuvaka pagadzirwe zambuko. Asi gare gare, pfungwa iyi akarambwa nokuti mvura pamwero murwizi yakanga pasi kakawanda nokufamba. Uye panguva chando kuyerera uye kushandiswa muchikamu ichi hazvibviri. Naizvozvo, kwakasarudzwa kuti Kurgobaykalskaya njanji anoenda mumahombekombe kuruboshwe, kunyange zvazvo aionekwa kuoma kutanga. Panguva imwe chete kuferefeta izvi rwaiitwa tsvakurudzo pamusoro zvaiita tichigadzira w / D mashoko kubatanidza "gwanza" riri kuSiberia Railway. Uyezve, pamwe rokumabvazuva chikamu haana matambudziko. Pano, mugwagwa chidimbu wakaitwa sandara nomunzvimbo dzine uye kumaodzanyemba pamhenderekedzo Lake Baikal, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva zvinyoronyoro tikaisa. Asi pakakoromoka kubatanidza Irkutsk Kultuk uye zvakakonzera zvinetso zvikuru.

Sikai w / D jira

Somugumisiro basa iri (izvo akapfuura kutongwa Professor IV Mushketov) ina zvichibvira kusarudza kuti kudhonza ari B-bhendi yakazokudziridzwa. zvinoti:

1. 1. Kubva Irkutsk kuti Kultuk kugarwa kuburikidza rworuboshwe norwizi kuburikidza Zyrkuzunsky muhomba.
2. River pamipata pamawere muromo Big Olkha mimwe tichigadzira mumugwagwa pamhenderekedzo Lake Baikal.
3. Mumusha Kultuk Belektuy kuburikidza Tunkinsky muhomba.
4. Baikal kuchikuva kusvika pakuguma pfungwa achitevedza gungwa pamahombekombe.

Kuitwa wokupedzisira Version

maviri chete vakasarudzwa muna mugumisiro pakutsvakurudza (iyo akabata mugodhi ouinjiniya batch mangé) richaitirwa shanduro. Uye muna 1899 komiti pakuvaka kuSiberia njanji kutaurirana akafarirwa wokutanga uye wechitatu kubatana Ipfungwa "zororo" mutsetse. Mugore rose, pasi pesimba Ogtagorcvac Samrimovicha nzira vakasarudzwa chokupedzisira hwakadzama kuongorora. Izvi zvaiita kuti kupa kupfuura zvachose kuposita pamwe pamhenderekedzo Lake Baikal. Chokwadi pamusoro feasibility kushandisa musimboti ichi zvine chokuita kuti nemhenderekedzo Kwairatidza matombo mugove pamwe kumawere. Zvisinei, maererano Masvomhu, kwakaonekwa kuti ine urongwa mutengo-kushanda. Final Nokubvumira yasarudzwa nzira rakagamuchirwa muna 1901. Atarisire basa rokuvaka basa Ogtagorcvac Savrimovichu, uyo panguva iyoyo aiva njanji injiniya. Kuti mashoko, nokufungidzira pechiteshi kuvaka racho vanopfuura mamiriyoni 52. Rubles.

Circum-Baikal Railway. nyaya

Kana afunge kuSiberia nharaunda (izvo somugumisiro yakazozivikanwa seshanduro Trans-Siberian Railway) raiva 7 zvikamu. Pakati pavo paiva Korugobaykalskaya njanji, kuvakwa rakanga raitwa riri kumabvazuva kwegungwa kuguta Irkutsk Babushkino (yaimbonzi Marina Mysovaya). Munguva kubva 1896 kusvika 1900 dzakavakwa w / Utava kubva kutanga pfungwa yokuenda kuna Cape Ustyansky (akanga pakutanga rainzi Small Little Makwai). Uyezve, nokuita 1900, rokuvaka basa Circum-Baikal njanji kumhenderekedzo yokumabvazuva kwapera, uye pakutanga zvose takawana rinotarisa pakuvaka chikamu pakati yemapurisa uye Mysovaya Tanhoya. Muzvidzidzo hunotevedzana (kukwira Sludyanka pachikuva) rakashandiswa zvikurukuru basa musungwa uye vasungwa.

Final basa

Kusiya kwazvo chidimbu (kumisa Baikal) akatanga muchirimo 1902. Uye zvinokosha kuziva kuti wava yakatogadzirwa kuitira kuguma chirimo 1905. Lakeside panguva iyoyo aiva rakavhurika pamaware pamwe yakakwirira kusvika 400 m. Pakutanga zvakanga vaifungidzira kuchaita kuti kushingaira mugove kusanganisa mugero 33. Kuwedzera, nokuda inokanganisa zvemvura Lake Baikal njanji chawo kukwirira nzvimbo anofanira zvinenge 533 cm. Uyewo funga nguva tinokwanisa kuvaka sidings. Aiva kanenge 14 yegwara nezvitima rose zuva.

Circum-Baikal Railway. Purogiramu uye mutengo

Mumakore 80 takatanga zvishoma nezvishoma mogadzirisa ushanyi zvekutepfenyura. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kunyange pashure pamusoro nokutumwa pamusoro Circum-Baikal njanji yave kushandiswa kare somunhu kuzvivaraidza nzvimbo, kunyange zvishoma chaizvo siyana. Chii nhasi Circum-Baikal Railway? 2014 akapfuma zvakasiyana dzinoyevedza. Visits yaitwa pahwaro pavhiki. In June - musi Mugovera uye Svondo muna July - kubva neChitatu kusvika Svondo. Mumazana panzvimbo yakatanga yacho "Circum-Baikal Express". Kuenda pamusoro chitima rinoitwa mangwanani. Tour mutengo - zvishoma kupfuura 2000 rubles. Duration of revashanyi - rimwe zuva.

zvisakamboonekwa

To musi, pane dzakawanda nhandaro nzvimbo, uyewo kujairika muchimiro toerisme kudiwa - the "dzomusango." The kambani "Railways Russian" iri pari vobatanidzwa kukura ushanyi mikana, iro rine Circum-Baikal Railway. Reviews vakatowana akashanyira nzvimbo idzi, akanaka kwazvo. Pakutanga vanhu vakawanda vanoenda ikoko kutarisa "ouinjiniya" zvinokwezva. Kunze izvi, kubva Circum pane dzakawanda dzinongoitika Zvivako zviri pasina zvishoma mhindu. Ichi matombo outcrop, vanoverengeka emapuranga zvivako, yakaitwa Art Nouveau manyorerwo (yakavakwa mukuvamba ramakumi remakore), ibwe outcrops, uye zvichingodaro.