Ndiani akanyora "Vanababa uye Sons": upenyu uye kutapwa nemunyori

Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev - Russian munyori, inozivikanwa pasi rose. With mabasa ake makuru vakomana kutanga kuzivana achiri kuchikoro, saka kuti anenge ose mudzidzi anoziva akanyora "Vanababa uye Sons."

makore okutanga

Ivan akaberekwa musi November 9, 1818. Uye akagara muguta Orel nevabereki vake makore mapfumbamwe. Turgenev akazotaura kuwana kukuru kuchamuka muguta guru uye vakatamira ikoko.

Havasi vose vanoziva kuti nhasi zvinokwanisika tinyatsoziva duku Ivan tsamba akanyorera babamunini vake Nicholas. Izvi, mumwe anogona kunzwisisa chii murayiro vaiva sangano yedzidzo, apo akadzidza, uye pane mashoko pamusoro Kubudirira ake uye zvayakawana.

youth

Uyo akanyora "Vanababa uye Sons", mune kuyaruka akasiyana nenyota zvikuru zivo. Muna 1833, wechiduku Ivan vakapinda Metropolitan University weDhipatimendi Literature. iye zvinobudirira akapfuura vose bvunzo, ndokuzoenda kusvika gore Chirimo wechipiri. Asi haana takatondeswa kupedza yunivhesiti iyi, nekuti nokukurumidza uye baba vake vakaenda kuchamhembe guta. Ikoko akapinda St. Petersburg Institute, uye yapera vaviri makore vachidzidza muBerlin. In guru German, akasangana Bakunin uye Stankevich, izvo akapfuurira kuva zvakanyanya kukurukurirana. Kushamwaridzana nevanhu ava dzakafanana Ivan of Moscow University, nokuti yaakanga vaida. Pasina sangano iri kazhinji anoratidzwa enganonyorwa ake uye nyaya. Mumazuva iwayo, Turgenev akanga asina kumbofungidzira kuti kamwe zvinova kuzivikanwa, uye munhu wose achaziva uyo akanyora "Vanababa uye Sons."

Ivan akasiya guru muna 1834, uye chete akadzoka makore manomwe gare gare, muna 1841 tsime. Makore ose aya, akanga akamirira naye amai vangu kuenda Spasskoye.

Ushande yokufungidzira "Fathers uye Sons"

Kokutanga yokufungisisa yemberi Romanom Turgenev akatanga muna 1860. Akabva ari taundi duku rinonzi Ventnor, iri UK. Ikoko akasangana munyaya Dobrolyubova kuna yokufungidzira "Pausiku". Yaiva pfungwa dzakawanda dubious kuti Turgenev haana kubvumirana. In basa rake, akasarudza kupikisa navo.

In nganonyorwa ichi, Turgenev vanobatanidza yakawanda nharo pamusoro "vanhu matsva" vaya vachangobva kutanga kuonekwa muRussia. Uyo akanyora "Vanababa uye Sons", akazotaura kuti zvikabva akashanda Bazarov, mumwe musha chiremba wechiduku vakafa vasati 1860. Maererano Turgenev, murume wacho wainakidza chaizvo, nokuti wafungidzira chinhu chitsva noshamisa quality, vakazochinja akazozivikanwa nihilism.

Nokukurumidza, munyori akatamira France, uye ikoko akapfuurira kunyora yokufungidzira. Aida kuti yokufungidzira "Fathers uye Sons" zvakanyorwa pakati kwematsutso, kuti ipapo kuenda richangobva akaita nhindi kumba.

Munguva yechando munyori akanyora yokutanga zvitsauko shoma, asi basa akaenda zvishoma nezvishoma. Turgenev aida pachake matambudziko ano Russian muvanhu, uye naizvozvo nokukurumidza kuuya kumba. Zvakangoitikawo kuti mavambo yokufungidzira "Vanababa uye vanakomana," munyori akanyora pamberi kuchinja zvinhu 1861, uye akapedza basa abva. Akanga ari Muponesi, apo pfungwa akaiswa rokupedzisira mutongo.