Ndezvipi ezvematongerwe enyika ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa nhasi?

Pfungwa zvematongerwo ezvinhu yakabuda mune zvesayenzi enyika ichiri pakati XX remakore uye rinoreva zvachose akagadzirwa zvechechi miviri uye zvemitero dzemunharaunda vedare vanhu. Chokutanga, Chokwadi, mune zvematongerwo bhora (kunze ane tsika, zveupfumi), kureva, ukama pakati hurumende uye vanhu, kuchinjwa masimba, ayo Implementation, uye zvichingodaro. Panguva iyoyo vakanga vakasarudzwa uye mhando nevezvematongerwo enyika vanhu, chimwe nechimwe chine maitiro zviri pachiitwa simba. A siyana inoti uye nyika akapfuura zvachose nemamwe nhoroondo nzira. Hazvishamisi dzakananga zviitiko nzanga dzakasiyana-siyana dzenyika akavapa yakasiyana zvachose enyika ino mhando. Somuenzaniso, hurumende yakasarudzwa aisagona agamuchirwa mudumbu Eastern tyrannies uye aiva musoro pamusana kukura capitalism.

Zvematongerwo enyika. Concept uye mhando

Modern masayendisiti enyika kusiyanisa mhando huru matatu zviripo munyika nhasi.

Mhando enyika: utongi hwegutsaruzhinji

Hwaro ino yakavakirwa panheyo seboka sarudzo. Kamwe iye akaberekwa ari muguta Greek yekare uye inozivikanwa nekereke dzose vagari veguta (Eklessiya) kuita zvisarudzo zvinokosha, uyewo nokuda sarudzo of Board of Archons - rudzi rinodzora. Zvisinei, nhasi hurumende iri kazhinji chinzvimbo chaizvo musangano rakadaro nyore chete. Asi dzinokosha Misimboti hweruzhinji zvinochengetedzeka. Uyezve, kwakasimbiswa kuburikidza neruzivo chivakwa ehurumende uye yokungotaura mabasa nevafungi ano uye panguva. The ano democratic hurongwa kunosanganisira fanira kuparadzana masimba kuitira kudzivisa usurpation ayo, dzose kunenge sarudzo nechimwe nemapazi izvi, uye hurumende mabasa, kuenzana zvose pamberi mutemo, pasinei noupfumi kana pamutemo chinzvimbo. Kunokosha pfungwa iyi - vanhu vakaziva mukuru simba anogara, apo chero muviri hurumende - chete muranda wake. Izvi zvinosanganisira kodzero vakawanda vamukire Achipindura panyaya nehurumende kuenda mhiri mutemo.

Types enyika nehurongwa: authoritarianism

Pasinei zvigadziriswe pakati democratic mugadziriro vadzivirirwe usurpation simba, yokupedzisira dzimwe nguva zvinoitika. Zvinogona Somuenzaniso, mugumisiro zvemauto akabvuta chigaro, kana ingasava pamusana hweruzhinji, iyo yakaumbwa muna mamiriro munzvimbo zvekare siyana (somuenzaniso, poumambo, ukaramba chinzvimbo chacho kusvikira nhasi). Authoritarianism kunoratidzwa wevasungwa vose masimba hurumende iri mumaoko mumwe munhu kana boka dzakafanana vanhu. Iye kunowanzoguma kutyora dzevanhu uye kodzero dzevanhu, pasina kupikiswa chaiyo uye zvichingodaro.

Types enyika nehurongwa: totalitarianism

Pakutanga, ino zvakafanana zvikuru authoritarianism. Zvisinei, kana iye anobata nesimba vemauto bayonets uye kudzvinyirira enyika rusununguko, kuti totalitarianism anosiyana zvakadzama kudzora paruzhinji uye zvokunamata upenyu kwenzanga. Murume pano kubvira pamakore okutanga kuburikidza masangano hurumende dzakasiyana-siyana iri ndakarerwa vachidavira kuti hurumende iyi uye saizvozvi ndiyo chete zvakanaka. Nokuti zvinoshamisa, kazhinji pevatongi gadziriro dzinoratidzwa mukuru Mvumo pane anomanikidza.