Ndeipi boreal musango? Coniferous mumasango ari taiga: tsananguro, kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka

The pakukura dzinongoitika nzvimbo muna Russia ndiyo taiga. Masango Coniferous anogona nechivimbo kunzi "nemapapu Pasi", nokuti kwavari kunoenderana mamiriro mhepo, okisijeni mwero uye carbon dioxide. Pano vari dzichiitika vapfumi zviwanikwa matanda, chicherwa deposits, zvakawanda zviri yakazaruka nanhasi.

Location muRussia

Wide Pfekenura yapararira munyika yedu, kuti taiga. Masango Coniferous kufukidza zvikuru kweSiberia (East, West), kuti Urals, ivo Baikal nharaunda, kuFar East uye Altai makomo. Kwakatangira ari mapazi zvinotora pamusoro pamuganhu reRussia wokumavirira, izvozvo rinopfuurira kuti Pacific Ocean - Japan uye Okhotsk makungwa.

Coniferous mumasango ari taiga inoganhurana nevamwe okunze zvikamu. Kuchamhembe, izvo pamwe chete achinaya mvura, kumadokero - pamwe masango pahupamhi-leaved. Mune mamwe maguta kune mharadzano of taiga pamwe inowanzorimwa uye masango yakavhenganiswa.

Location mu Europe

Coniferous taiga masango akafukidza Russia kwete chete, asiwo dzimwe nyika dzokumwe. Pakati pavo - kunyika yose dzekuma Scandinavia, Canada. Munyika taiga arrays nenzvimbo mundima huru uye vaiona kupfuura nharaunda munyika.

Kumugumo biome iri zasi chitsuwa Hokkaido (Japan). The rwokuchamhembe iri rakatenderedzwa Taimyr. Urongwa uhwu imhaka aitungamirira nzvimbo taiga-rakareba kupfuura pakati dzimwe dzinongoitika dzoga.

Climate

Close biome riri muna zviviri okunze dzinodengenyeka - unozvidzora uye kunyunguduka. Izvi anotsanangura siyana okunze musango. The okunze anopa inodziya zhizha. Avhareji tembiricha dzinongoitika nzvimbo iri zhizha 20 madhigirii pamusoro razero. Cold arctic mhepo kunokanganisa kuchinja kamwe kamwe kupisa uye kunokanganisa boreal dzechando, mhepo anogona pano kuti haachandidi kuti madhigirii 45 pazasi razero. Mukuwedzera, mhepo rinobaya kuchengetwa nguva dzose kwegore.

Coniferous masango taiga vanoonekwa ne mukuru mwando nokuda nzvimbo iri marshland uye vakaderera volatility. Muzhizha zhinji kunayisa inowira muchimiro diki uye madzvotsvotsvo. Munguva yechando yakawanda chando - Ukobvu ayo rukoko ndiyo 50-80 masendimita, kwete vazvinyause kuti 6-7 mwedzi. In kuSiberia kune permafrost.

Features

The guru, chakarebesa uye rakapfuma dzinongoitika nzvimbo - the taiga. Masango Coniferous kufukidza mamiriyoni gumi nemashanu mativi makiromita munyika nzvimbo Nyika! Upamhi mapazi ari European chikamu 800 makiromita, kuSiberia - anopfuura zviuru 2 makiromita.

Paumbwe taiga masango vakatanga okupedzisira nguva, asati uye kubvunda mazitombo echando. Zvisinei, zvakawanda kuongorora zvainyanya yacho uye akagamuchira chete muna 1898 nemhaka P. N. Krylovu, uyo rinorondedzerwa pfungwa "Taiga", uye akagadzira ayo chikuru maitiro.

Kunyanya kupfuma biome madziva. Pano kutanga nomukurumbira nzizi Russian - the Volga, Lena, Kama, Northern Dvina nevamwe. Kuyambuka taiga Yenisey uye Ob. In coniferous Masango Russia guru Dam yaiva - pamapatya, Rybinsk, Kama. Mukuwedzera, musango pane mvura zhinji pevhu, iyo anotsanangura predominance pamusoro wetlands (kunyanya kuchamhembe kweSiberia uye Canada). Nemhaka munyoro ekunze uye zvakakwana hydration, pano pane kukurumidza kukura muti nyika.

taiga subzone

Nature Area rakakamurwa zvitatu Sub-zvikamu, izvo zvakasiyana okunze, kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka.

• North. Dzinoratidzwa kutonhora kwekunze. Pano, kuti dzechando hasha uye muchitonhorera yechirimo. Huge nzvimbo nyika yaigara marshland. Masango kazhinji, undersized, pane svikiro kadikidiki spruce, nemipaini.
• Avhareji. Vaine mwero. Okunze unozvidzora - inodziya zhizha, chando, asi kwete chena chando chakanyanyisa. Bogs muzvizhinji kuti mhando dzakasiyana. High mwando. Miti yenguva dzose urefu, zvikurukuru bukira spruce-bilberry.
• South. Pano pane kupfuura siyana fauna of uye kasvisto, coniferous masango. Taiga admixture yave leaved miti uye broadleaf marudzi. Okunze unodziyirwa, akasiyana inopisa yechirimo, huchavapo kweinenge mwedzi mina. Neb waterlogging.

dondo mhando

Zvichienderana rezvinomera marudzi vanoverengeka taiga. Huru vanenge chiedza coniferous uye coniferous masango. With miti pane Mafuro kuti yakabuda pamusoro nzvimbo kwemiti.

• Coniferous mhando. Kunyanya kuparadzirwa kuSiberia. It inowanikwawo dzimwe nzvimbo (the Urals, Canada). Zvinowanikwa iri zvikuru Continental ekunze vematunhu, dzinoratidzwa vakawanda kunayisa uye mamiriro munyoro ekunze. Mumwe inonyanya muti kwemarudzi nemipaini - heliophilous mumiririri taiga. masango ava wakapamhama uye yakajeka. Larch - mumwe zvakafanana mhando. Woods asi vakareruka kupfuura mupaini. miti anosiyana zvisingawanzoitiki, saka vakadaro "mumatenhere" kunzwa rakavhurika mumaruwa.
• Dark coniferous mhando - rakajairika kuchamhembe Europe uye neeSultan gomo (Alps, Mountains Altai, ivo Carpathians). Ndima yayo iri munzvimbo ine vakadzikama gomo ekunze, dzinoratidzwa kumusoro mwando. Zvinonzi hunodzorwa zvomusiperesi uye spruce, ndizvo ishoma omujunipa, rima coniferous mupaini.

muriwo nyika

Kare kwezana remakore rechi19, hakuna yakagovana dzinongoitika dzoga, uye kusawirirana kwavo uye peculiarities akanga asingazikamwi. Sezvineiwo, kufambidzana nomumwe, nzvimbo iri kudzidzwa zvakadzama, uye mashoko ose anodiwa inowanikwa. Taiga coniferous dondo - miti, zvinomera, nemiti ... Chii chinoratidza uye inonakidza Maruva munharaunda iyi?

Mumasango - safarira kana kwete makwenzi, riri kukonzerwa nokusava chiedza, kunyanya murima mumatenhere. Pane kufanana chikwindi - ave mutemo, hapana chinogona kuwanikwa chete nyoro chitarisiko. Kukura nemiti - currants, omujunipa uye zvipfupi nemiti - cranberries, blueberries.

Forest mhando inotsamira okunze. Kurutivi divi taiga kunoratidzwa ne kutonga pakati spruce uye Siberian. In dzemakomo pavanomera spruce yemisipiresi masango. Kumabvazuva kunosvika sumbu larches. Okhotsk kwemhenderekedzo vapfumi kusiyana muti marudzi. Kuwedzera vamiririri Conifers, hwakazara taiga uye Deciduous miti. Masango Mixed akaumbwa Aspen, alder, Birch.

The Fauna of taiga

The Fauna of taiga coniferous masango ari siyana uye akasiyana. Zviri musha kune zvakasiyana-siyana nezvipembenene. Hapana pane Negima critters dzakawanda, kusanganisira ermine, Sable, tsuro, Chidembo. Mamiriro ekunze vari zvakanaka nokuda ndakagara mhuka, asi vaisafanira zvisikwa ine utsinye. Musango inogarwa mhuka chete mashomanana amphibians uye nezvinokambaira. nhamba yavo shoma chokuita zvikuru chando. Vamwe vagari vanenge dzakashandisa inotonhora mwaka. Vamwe vavo vapinde kuhwanda kana yakaturikwa akachangamuka, pamwe kugona kwavo kuti vararame braked.

Chii mhuka vanogara mumasango coniferous? Taiga, uko matumba zhinji mhuka uye zvokudya, inozivikanwa kuvapo pazvikara zvakadai yokuSpain, mashava bheya, mhumhi, gava. Rarama pano ungulates - nondo, bison, Elk, nondo. On mapazi emiti uye pasi pavo kurarama nemakonzo - beavers, squirrels, mbeva, Chipmunks.

shiri

Nomumatenhere dendere anopfuura 300 eshiri. A siyana unokosha kuchengetwa kumabvazuva taiga - musha huni Grouse, Hazel Grouse, vanoverengeka mhando nezvinorira uye woodpeckers. Masango vanoonekwa ne mukuru mwando vakawanda madziva, saka pano vari kunyanya yakakurumbira zvakafanana waterfowl. Vamwe vamiririri coniferous expanses vanotofanira dzinotama muchando nechokumaodzanyemba, apo mamiriro zvakawanda zvakanaka kuvapo. Pakati pavo, Siberian Thrush uye dondo songster.

Murume ari musango

Human basa hazvibatsiri mamiriro zvakasikwa nguva dzose. Dzakawanda moto anokonzerwa hanya uye zvisina vanhu, kuparadzwa kwemasango uye mugodhi zvinotungamirira zvinoderedza kukura masango nemhuka yenyika.

Kunonga michero, howa, nzungu - chaiwo kirasi, akakurumbira pakati vomunzvimbo, iyo inozivikanwa kuti matsutso taiga. Masango Coniferous ndivo chikuru nokutengesa matanda mari. Apa pane guru deposits kuti zviwanikwa (mafuta, gasi, marasha). Nokuda nyoro uye ivhu rakaorera, kumaodzanyemba mudunhu dzakabudirira kurima. Rakabudiswa mhuka maberekero uye yokuvhimwa mhuka.