Kudyidzana pamwe simbi acids. Zvingaitwa sulfuric asidhi pamwe simbi

Chemical maitiro ari asidhi pamwe simbi wakananga kuti mashoko makirasi yeimwe. Nokufamba ayo rehydrogen Purotoni akapora pavanoparidza acidic anion kuchatsiviwa resimbi nokuo- nga. Uyu ndiwo muenzaniso zvakaitwa kuumba munyu, uye kunyange pane mhando inoverengeka mukukurukurirana vasingateereri musimboti ichi. Vanoita sezvo redox asina aine shanduka rehydrogen.

Principles Maitiro vane simbi acids

inorganic asidhi All vakaita pamwe simbi zvinoisa paumbwe munyu. An kunze ndiko, zvichida, chete chakanaka chesimbi maitiro pamwe aqua regia, musanganiswa hydrochloric uye nitric acids. Mimwe kusakarongeka pakati acids vane simbi kunotungamirira kuti paumbwe munyu. Kana asidhi haisi pfungwa yokushanda sulfuric kana nitric acid, chigadzirwa wakanamatira sezvo samolecular rehydrogen.

Asi kana kuita pfungwa sulfuric acid, maitiro zvinobuda pamwe simbi maererano nheyo yacho redox kwacho. Nekuti kwakanyorwa experimentally akaratidza mhando mbiri mukukurukurirana zvinowanzoitika simbi uye simba inorganic acids:

• kusakarongeka pakati nesimbi vane simba acids;
• kudyidzana pamwe kuramba acid.

wokutanga mhando kuitike chero acid. The chete Kunze iri pfungwa sulfuric asidhi uye nitric asidhi chero wevasungwa. Ivo sei kechipiri mhando uye kutungamirira kuti paumbwe munyu uye rutapudzo zvibereko sarufa senitrogen.

Typical simbi kuita pamwe acids

Metals vanoda vasara rehydrogen mune mwero electrochemical series, vari vakaita pamwe sanganisa sulfuric asidhi nezvimwe acids kuti kuwanda akasiyana kunze senitrogen chokuumba munyu uye nevamwe samolecular rehydrogen. Simbi, yaiva kurudyi Napamusara electronegativity rehydrogen, havagoni sei pamwe yekunwa acids uye dyidzana chete nitric asidhi pasinei wevasungwa, pamwe kuramba sulfuric asidhi uye aqua regia. Ichi randinenge kusakarongeka pamwe simbi acids.

nesimbi maitiro pamwe kuramba sulfuric asidhi

Kana zviri sulfuric asidhi mune mhinduro anopfuura 68%, riri kuonekwa kuti pfungwa uye vakaita pamwe simbi vasara uye kodzero rehydrogen. Zvakaitwa kuyerera musimboti pamwe simbi dzakasiyana basa pamufananidzo pazasi. Pano, kuti oxidizing mumiririri chinhu nesarufa atomu iri sulfate anion. It ipfupi kuti rehydrogen sulfide, 4-Valence oxide kana kuti samolecular nesarufa.

Zvinoitika pamwe sanganisa nitric asidhi

Rakasanganiswa nitric asidhi ikasakendenga pamwe simbi, vakaronga kusiya uye kodzero rehydrogen. Munguva zvakaitwa pamwe zvinoshingaira nesimbi kuti pave amoniya, izvo pakarepo urwa uye zvaanoita pamwe nitrate anion yokuumba mumwe munyu. With nesimbi avhareji basa asidhi ikasakendenga chete kusunungurwa samolecular senitrogen. With sekwaserera maitiro unobuda pakabudiswa 2-Valence oxide kuti senitrogen. Kakawanda nzira nesarufa kupora akawanda zvigadzirwa mune rimwe maitiro. Mienzaniso siyana wakatangwa muna Graphics chikumbiro pazasi.

Zvaakazoita pamwe kuramba nitric asidhi

Panyaya iyi senitrogen mabasa sezvo oxidant. Maitiro All vakanga yapera munyu inotungamirwa uye kusunungurwa nitric oxide. Scheme redox Maitiro wakatangwa nokuda Graphics kushanda. Muchiitiko chino, vainyatsotarisirwa akakodzera maitiro ose aqua regia pamwe sekwaserera okunze. kudyidzana zvakadaro simbi acids nonspecifically.

Reactivity chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi

Metals vakaitei nemashoko acids nyore zvakakwana, kunyange pane inerts dzakawanda. Izvi simbi dzinokosha uye okunze, rurefu mwero electrochemical zvinogona. Kune akawanda simbi iyo inovakwa pahwaro indekisi ichi. Iye anonzi electronegativity. Kana simbi chinosara imomo rehydrogen, unogona sei pamwe sanganisa acid.

Pane chete kunze: simbi uye aruminiyamu nokuda paumbwe pamusoro pemvura ane 3-Valence oxides havagoni sei pamwe asidhi pasina kudziyisa. Kana musanganiswa wacho kudziyirwa, ipapo pakutanga kuita resimbi oxide firimu, uye ipapo iye zvazvichanyungudutswa acid. Simbi, yaiva kurudyi rehydrogen ari electrochemical akatevedzana basa havagoni sei nemunhu inorganic acid, kusanganisira vane sanganisa sulfuric acid. Two kunze mutemo: nesimbi aya zvazvichanyungudutswa kuramba uye sanganisa nitric asidhi uye aqua regia. The yokupedzisira unogona chete zvichanyungudutswa rhodium, ruthenium, iridium uye osmium.