National Technology Initiative (NTI). State rutsigiro zvirongwa

The zvakanaka kwevanhu ndiko zvakananga novimba mamiriro reNational upfumi. The Russian dambudziko mumakore, izvo akamuka nokuda kuderera yeHydrocarbon mitengo, kamwe zvakare akaratidza kudiwa inokosha kuchinja. National Technology danho akagadzirirwa kuziva vaizotibata kupfuura sectors hwenyika uye zvokonzera navo. budiriro yavo kunotoreva kukura yose zvoupfumi uye zvichatibatsira kuti akunde kuvimba yeHydrocarbon mitengo. Nokuti vanhu, izvi zvinoreva nguva refu upenyu uye kuvandudzwa unhu kwayo.

chirongwa Content

National Technology Initiative (njovhera) sezvo mirayiridzo yakatanga rinoziviswa muna December 2014. Zvaive munguva iyi President Russian V. V. Putin akaita nezvahwo shoko rake kuna Federal Assembly uye akazivisa machinda anokonzera Implementation wegungano iri. Musimboti wacho njovhera ndiko kuziva vaizotibata sectors hwenyika uye ounza emakambani Russian. Zvakakodzera kusarudza nzira yakadaro kunogona kuunza mabhiriyoni emadhora turnover mune ramangwana. Russia achakwanisa kukwikwidzana zvikuru dzakabudirira uye ari kuwedzera mumusika nyika. Mukuru pfungwa inobhadharwa maindasitiri chokuita yemhando ruzivo. Imwe nzvimbo zvokurapa, zvikurukuru, ndiko kuwedzera upenyu. Zvisinei, kubudirira njovhera hakubvi chete hurumende. The State chirongwa rutsigiro zvechokwadi zvinokosha, asi zvikuru kutarisirwa chipiwe kusikwa anobudirira ezvinhu, zvikanganiso pabasa kuti vanozivikanwa nokukurumidza uye kururamiswa. Maererano mukuru nhungamiro "Young nyanzvi" Dmitry Peskov, njovhera kunofanira kuva panzvimbo yokutanga gadziriro, kudzorwa chizvaro. National Technology Initiative hakufaniri kuonekwa sechinhu hwaro kusikwa hombe mamiriro mamiriro.

nhoroondo hurukuro

Pfungwa yokuti "nyika rwokugadzira chirongwa" yaishandiswa mushumo gurukota Dzidzo uye Science Dmitry Livanov pamusangano yacho presidium zvoupfumi mazuvaano uye nzira itsva kukura muna September 2014. Raiva pamusoro pokumuka chirongwa chokuita itsva kugadzirwa michina (NTP). Chinangwa chake chaiva mhanyisa chitange maindasitiri. The chirongwa akave nokugamuchira mamiriro National Technology Initiative (njovhera - Stp). Zvisinei, tiri kutaura nezvazvo chete muna December 2014. sefungu Uku mubereko rakanga nokuti chokuti njovhera rakapiwa vainyatsotarisirwa muMharidzo Mutungamiri Russian Federation kusvika Federal Assembly. Sezvo aronga, National Technology Initiative kuva mudziyo iyo Russia achakwanisa kutora aitungamirira chinzvimbo zvinhu uye mabasa pamisika. Totaura kuoneke kudiwa kuti zvakanaka zvine urongwa sarudzo.

Mubvunzo pamusoro tarisiro

Zvakakosha kuziva chii achasarudza upfumi mune ramangwana. Somuenzaniso, nhasi imwe ndiyo nzvimbo vanoonekwa akangwara senga enyika. kushanda kwavo chokuita date hutachiwana. Saka imwe indasitiri kuminyuka mumwe. Chimwe yakanangana kukura mhepo chokufambisa, izvo zvaizoita kuti pave chinokosha zvinoderedza nguva vaifanira kutakura zvinhu uye vanhu. Zvisinei, kana zvakarurama sarudzo anogona kuratidza chete nguva. Somuenzaniso, mukuvamba 2000s, zvakanzi vaidavira kuti munguva yemberi iri pedyo achava yechimurenga Russia, chokuita Nanotechnology. Muna 2006, kuti zvinotarisirwa mwero kukura musika ichi pa 40% pagore. Asi izvi hazvina kuitika. Implementation chirongwa pamusoro pokumuka nanotechnologies mu Russia haana Akatungamirirwa apiwa kwemaindasitiri munyika, kana kuti kubvisa kuvimba pakugadzira zvinhu, kwete kuti kuoneka kuwedzera huwandu zvoupfumi kukura.

kukoshesa

Njovhera yave kutanga pfungwa hurumende yeRussia ezvidzidzo hurongwa Mutungamiri Russian Federation. vanonzi michina mitsva maindasitiri kuti vava injini okukura vaizivikanwa. Zvinofungidzirwa kuzvishandisa kuumba nyika ino design, Modelling uye kushandisa michina zivo anotsanangura maindasitiri. The maminitsi Presidium musangano muna September 2014 ine mazita ruzivo kuti rinotsigirwa pasi chirwere chenjovhera. Pakati pavo:

• Chirungiso rwokugadzira.
• Achishandisa robotics uye kushandisa michina, akangwara chokufambisa enyika.
• Technology magadzirirwe zvinhu uye ezvirevo.
• Achishandisa digitaalinen kugadzirwa.
• Technology mudzimba Software kuti inodiwa kusika munhu chigadzirwa.

Similar mirayiridzo akafunga uye Bazi Industry of Russian Federation. Mumakore achangopfuura, kwezvinhu kukura mapurogiramu vari rakatangwa muna zvose dzakasimukira uye achangobva dzakabudirira. World zvinoratidza kuti Implementation yavo inopa chinokosha socio-kwoupfumi uye anobvumira kusimbisa makwikwi National upfumi.

Nzira dzekuziva nadzo hurumende ichiisa misika

Zvakakosha kwete chete wokubatanidza kuitwa basa, sainzi uye hurumende, asi kuti tiwane kodzero pfungwa chikumbiro chavo. Saka, njovhera rinofanira kubva kwenguva refu kufungidzira, kuburikidza icho unofanira kuona api acharwisana Russia mumakore 10-15. At mumwoyo National Technology Initiative muchishandisa anotevera hypotheses:

• The pokutangira - inoda vanhu vari kuchinja nokufamba kwenguva.
• The misika ramangwana - a richikurukura kwayo kuvakwa.
• nguva Planning - 2018-2035 gore.

Njovhera misika vari dzinounzwa pachishandiswa zvinotevera nzira:

• Volume munyika yose nokuda ra2035 - anopfuura mabhiriyoni 100 US emadhora.
• Panguva iyoyo, hapana pamusika kana kugamuchirwa hapana zvikuru kwesayenzi mitemo.
• Dzidziso kuvanhu sezvo mugumo user.
• Network kuvakwa musika umo vanozoshanda inotsiviwa software.
• Kukosha kwakaita kuti Russia kuitira zvaidiwa nevanhu uye National kuchengeteka.
• Kuvapo ari RF ezvinhu kuzadzisa zvemakwikwi zvinobatsira.
• Kuvapo Entrepreneurs kuedza kusika itsva yepamusorosoro makambani ari pamusika uyu.

Kunyatsoongorora zvinogona weRussia

Senzira njovhera kutarisirwa kusika itsva mumisika yepamusorosoro pfumbamwe:

• EnergyNet.
• FoodNet.
• SafeNet.
• HealthNet.
• AeroNet.
• MariNet.
• AutoNet.
• FinNet.
• NeuroNet.

Mumwe zviratidzo zvinogona kushandiswa kuongorora zvingakwanisa ehurumende utungamiri kukura kugadzirwa michina, inhamba bvumidzwa magwaro rakabudiswa naye. The Mhedziso ndiro rine chokwadi chakarurama ichi ndohwavo China. Chinenge hafu patents zvose unozvipiwa sekune 2015 zvawanikwa China. Russia haana kuiswawo pamusoro 10 pamusoro chakarurama ichi. On the Russian Federation nezvokuvandudzika 0,18 chete% of pose nhamba magwaro kuti arinde itsva rwokugadzira mhinduro. Foreign Michina Makambani kha Russia zvikuru 4 nguva patents pane vagari.

Nengozi uye kutsoropodzwa chirongwa

Implementation pamusoro njovhera yokuRussia iri chokuita matambudziko anotevera:

• Portfolio Russian mugari patents mumazana nguva zvishoma pane vaikudzwa kunyika itsva kugadzirwa michina. Pakati pavo vane nyika dzakadai China, the US, Japan uye South Korea.
• Kusvikira 60-95% of Russian Federation patents makapiwa vasiri vagari Russia.
• Munyika mumunda itsva maindasitiri ruzivo makambani vaitungamirira. MuRussia, ivo patentees kazhinji kuita tsvakurudzo nemasangano edzidzo.

Mamiriro ezvinhu

At musangano kushanda boka "njovhera", iro rakavambwa ne Agency for Strategic Dzokuparidza, yaiitwa musi June 22, 2016, vakakurukura tarisiro pakatanga muna rokuRussia teleportation (yakachengeteka mameseji), quantum kukurukurirana uye kuparadzanisa mutauro wokuRussia. Chinangwa chirongwa akadaro kuderedza marwadzo kubva cybercrime muna ra2035. Zvinotarisirwa kuti nezviyero izvi kuchabatsira kuchengeta 0.1% kubva GDP. SafeNet chirongwa kunosanganisira kuchinjwa wandei masangano ari kudyidzana mureza 5G, kutanga richikurukura nzvimbo hwevanhu vadzivirirwe cyber kutyisidzira, kuvandudzwa zvakangwara musha Kutarisira mugadziriro, anodawo hurongwa, zvionera motokari uye kunyora mitauro. kwezvivako Kugadzirwa quantum kutaurirana zviri kurongwa kuti ra2035 muna Russian Federation, iyo ichapa yakachengeteka zvakazara kubatana. Nokuti kuzadziswa chirongwa ichi kunodiwa anenge mabhiriyoni 10 rubles. Vakawanda mamiriro vanofanira mari, kusanganisira kuburikidza asingashumbi guru mari uye kukura masangano.

zvakawanikwa

Kugona Russian ari utungamiriri pamusoro akaronga achitungamirirwa njovhera kunoda kuedza chinoshamisa. New kugadzirwa ano, hapana mubvunzo ingangokonzera zvikuru zvoupfumi, asi pane zvinokosha matambudziko kuti Implementation chawakaronga chirongwa. Dzavo mhinduro kunoda simbisa kwenguva. Zvisinei, ruzivo remarudzi chinoratidza kuti kubudirira kwakaita muzvigadzirwa utungamiri zvinobvira munzvimbo chaizvo pfupi nguva. Somuenzaniso, China akatora chete anenge makore manomwe. Hwaro ichi mugumisiro ndiko paumbwe staffing, zvaifanira kuwedzerwa pokutangira huripo, nesungano pakati mumayunivhesiti uye basa.