National Park "Nechkinsky": tsananguro, features, dzinonakidza facts, fauna of nemhuka

National Park "Nechkinsky" - ndiko kuchengetedza, dzidzo kwezvakatipoteredza uye tsvakurudzo sangano. On Ndima yayo havasi dzinongoitika chete, asiwo zvenhau netsika nzvimbo kuMiddle Kama nharaunda. Vane aesthetic, zvipenyu uye kuzvivaraidza ukoshi chaihwo, uye anoshandiswa nevakawanda kuti yaidzorwa ushanyi.

History of Park

Inoshanda nzira kudzivirira uye kuchengetedza zviwanikwa nehurongwa ndiyo sangano mumapaki National multifunctional basa profile. Muna 1995, hurumende yacho Udmurt Republic, kwakasarudzwa pamusoro kudiwa "Nechkinsky" paki.

Parizvino, chero basa hakubvumidzwi pamusoro munharaunda yayo, zvingashandiswa inokanganisa pamusoro fauna of uye kasvisto. Uyezve, nedpustimo chero kuvakwa, kusanganisira mapaipi mikuru.

National Park "Nechkinsky" Izhevsk ane zvinotevera zvinangwa:

1. Ndichengetedze rakasiyana nemamwe dzinongoitika dzoga, uyewo miti nemhuka zvakazonaka uye kasvisto.
2. Ndichengetedze zvenhoroondo Zvivako netsika nhaka nzvimbo.
3. Environmental mabasa dzidzo.
4. Kuunza Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri ezvinhu kuti yaidzorwa ushanyi uye zvinotivaraidza, kudzidziswa kuti nhoroondo netsika nhaka.
5. Pakatanga kuchengetedza nzira itsva.
6. Kudzorerwa zvakakuvadza dzakaitika, tsika uye zviwanikwa nzvimbo.
7. Protection, kuchengetedza uye kubereka vana kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka.
8. Environmental zvichiongororwa.

kwezvakatipoteredza basa

Iye zvino, National Park "Nechkinsky" (Russia) iri huru samambure zvakasikwa kuchengetedza nharaunda Udmurtia ndeimwe anokosha mhuka reserves. Kune yakasiyana maturakiti floodplain masango, Marsh, nyanza, rwizi zvinhu zvipenyu, mhuka fauna of, ndisina kuzivana nomurume, tsika uye nhoroondo zvinhu. Vashandi pamusoro paka hakusi nyore harisi chete kuti achengetedze huripo upfumi, asi ayo Kuwanziridzwa, nekuti nharaunda ine vanenge makumi manomwe kubva muzana kwemarudzi Zvinoumba nemhuka yose Udmurt Republic.

Nzvimbo yomugariro dzakachengetedzwa nzvimbo

National Park "Nechkinsky" riri pamahombekombe ari Votkinsk gungwa pakati kunosvika of Kama. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nharaunda kuruboshwe nezvakarurama bhengi zvakasiyana chaizvo kubva mumwe. Kuruboshwe-kubhengi nyika akauya floodplain tenuka uye mafashamo mapani. Kama ndiko - hakusi chinhu asi mupata navaduku nzizi, kuhova nemipata.

Kama rechibharo Siva ndivo vanonyanya nzizi yezvakaita chengetedza.

National Park "Nechkinsky" riri pasi aine unozvidzora Continental ekunze. Nzvimbo idzi dzinoratidzwa ne refu chando chakanyanyisa uye ushamwari yechirimo, pfupi chaizvo kure-mwaka. July ndiwo mwedzi akanyanya kupisa, munguva iyi avhareji tembiricha iri nemapfumbamwe inegumi. Uye pano ndiyo coldest nguva January, avhareji tembiricha iri -15 inegumi.

Flora

National Park "Nechkinsky" ane unozvidzora boreal Maruva mhando, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva siyana. Pano 745 mhando vascular zvinomera dzawanikwa, 82 vavo - isingawanzowanikwi rudzi, uye vana vari pamwe se panjodzi. Panewo akasiyana zvinomera, izvo zvakatanga kuwanikwa panguva tsvakurudzo kuti kukura chete kuchengetedzwa nzvimbo: omphalodes repens, tsanga butterbur, Lenets munda.

The paka iri hunodzorwa masango spruce. Kwakachena spruce omusipiresi akapa Finnish uye Siberian. Zvinowanika mundima ichiparara. Kazhinji, miti yemisipiresi akapa mumwe musipiresi, nemipaini, Birch, Linden. Yelniki akarongwa nemipata uye dzimwe chawo reliefs uye slobozalivaemyh nezalivaemyh bottomland kana zvikamu Kama.

On mundima kuchengetedzwa nzvimbo vakanyorwa 24 mhando Fern zvinomera, gymnosperms 6, 678 - angiosperms.

Park "Nechkinsky" riri panosangana vatatu okunze dzinongoitika zones: dondo-inowanzorimwa, taiga uye masango Deciduous.

Forest Park arrays

Masango Pine vari chaizvo dzakasiyana wayo sezvamunoita. Pine-belomoshniki nokururamisira zvakawanda pasango kukura. Ivo riri kumaodzanyemba mundima. The Fern mupaini masango kusangana Hazel, Maple uye nemiouki. Asi cowberry (nemipaini) vakasarudzwa chikomo. Kazhinji kuwanikwa pano nemipaini petsanga uye cowberry.

Kune nzvimbo dzakawanda uko yemisipiresi kwakapararira pasi Park nyika. In akapfuma nevhu richikura alder. In Deciduous uye Deciduous masango hunodzorwa momuoki. Muna Kama floodplain hunodzorwa the willow mumatenhere.

On hunhu kuchengeterwa unogona kusangana zvachose zvose mhando wetlands: Pamumvuri wetsanga napamurove, Transitional uye Upland. In nemipaini Masango dzakaderera uye kazhinji pane sphagnum bogs.

No zvishoma akapfuma zvinomera uye mvura paki. Rine Bole matanhatu mhuka.

Fauna "Nechkinskogo 'Park

Animal World "Nechkinsky" National Park iri siyana chaizvo. In mvura vemo inogarwa 38 mhando hove, nhanhatu dzemarudzi akanyangarika chose chokuita mutemo unyatsoshanda Volga uye Kama.

Votkinsk Dam zvinowanikwa sabrefish, roach, Ruff, knot, kujeka, asi Volga mutori, Pike, sprat, bream, burbot, bream, Ide, knot. Apo neapo kubata kubatwa kabhu, Rainbow, Catfish, Rainbow, chena-ziso. Mumvura yakawanda kabhu, bream asi kunodzora kwose kwose.

Pari, kundoraura kutenderwa ane rezinesi, uye, pfungwa, vangadzidza chero mugari. Nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti kuzvivaraidza hove awana zvakakomba zvikuru uye akafanana kuti indasitiri. The musiyano chete - iri mhuka zvavanosarudza. maindasitiri hove iri sabrefish hwaro, apo vanoda vanosarudza kuti knot, bream uye Pike.

A siyana mhuka

Maererano pamutemo data, ivo Fauna of National Park "Nechkinsky" raimiririra 213 mhando vertebrates (nyika) mhuka. Nyanzvi dzinoti kuvapo nedzimwe mhando nhatu, asi hapana mashoko zvakarurama. Mumakore gumi adarika nayo akanyangarika zvachose muskrat. Kazhinji, maererano nyanzvi, mazita mhuka vanoda chakakura ongororo uye mberi kunatsiridzwa.

Pachishandiswa mapepa ose Udmurt University zvinganzi nharo kuti 155 eshiri vagere paki. nzvimbo idzi kuwira pasi nesting nzvimbo. mhando matatu chete kurarama pano zvachose, vamwe - dzinotama.

The paka iri hunodzorwa shiri, kwese kwesango uye Wetland munzvimbo. The mugove inowanzorimwa shiri zvikuru vasingakoshi.

Masango vari yaigarwa anotevera vamiririri fauna of: Elk, yokuSpain, mashava bheya, tyoni mubani, zvakajairika shrew, nehuni negonzo, ari Beaver, vanhuwo tsindi, Chidembo, the marten, mhuka musii, Chidembo, nembira, gava, mhumhi, Chidembo, otter.

The paka wakawana invertebrates anopfuura 2,000, vazhinji pano nezvipembenene, iyo chokuita pamberi floodplain uye wetlands.

Natural Zvivako "Nechkinsky" National Park

Mupaki pane Zvivako sere zvakasikwa, izvo zvinokosha kutandara ukoshi. Izvi zvinosanganisira turakiti "Halevy" uye "Nechkinskoe" tsime "Makarov" Siwa muromo murwizi, mudziva Yakawanda, peat bogs "Kemulskoe" uye "Kostovatovskoe Wakachena".

Forest yecocoa pamwe nzizi vane hombe mvura kuchengetedza ukoshi. Vose Zvivako zvakasikwa vanokosha nesayenzi uye dzidzo mabasa, uyewo kuva mukuru kutandara zvinogona. An dzinonakidza ndechokuti dzakasiyana-siyana dzemhuka mhenyu uye zvinomera, zvinonzi dzakashandisa kunzvimbo ino. Pamwe chete zvinoumba rakasiyana uye kunoshamisa vomunharaunda, izvo anowanikwa kumwe.

mabasa nesayenzi

Vashandi vari paki une basa nesayenzi munhoroondo uye chaivo negwara. Kuvapo matatu matongo nzvimbo inoda kudzidza kwavo hwakadzama uye advertising.

Pamberi vakuru vane zvinotevera mabasa:

1. Kunyatsodzidza kasvisto uye fauna of zvose pamusoro paki.
2. Objective tinyatsonzwisisa kuti vanhu "Red Book" uye isingawanzowanikwi mhando.
3. Patinoita Kutsvakurudza zvinokosha dzinoverengeka fronts.

mabasa Scientific "Nechkinsky" National Park kunokosha. Pakati pavo, kufarira ndiwo hunhu Chronicle, iyo inoitwa kubva 2005. Vashandi pakati zvesayenzi dhipatimendi kuchengetedzwa mapazi vanogara kubudisa mabasa avo, ramakagadzwa:

1. Moth Fauna of paki.
2. Corydalis National Park.
3. Fauna zvakaora zvipembenene.
4. Zvakabuda tsvakurudzo, longhorn zvipembenene.

Shanda zvakawanda, vakafukidza nemiti uye Fauna of paki "Nechkinsky". Uyezve, vashandi vari kwazvo kushingaira pamwe zvinoverengeka kufamba, masangano tsvakurudzo, mamiziyamu, uye rinodhindira. Scientific Partnership kunobatsira mutungamiriri atsvakurudze mabasa uye zvinozivisa migumisiro basa kwete chete munzvimbo yakamanikana mudenderedzwa nezvokurara, asi pakati voruzhinji, nokudaro kukwezva vanhu, kutsaurira navo zvinetso zvakasikwa.