Myopia - iri "pamwe" kana "kubvisa"? The oparesheni pamusoro ziso: myopia

Ophthalmologists Kazhinji kunzwa kubva varwere mubvunzo: "Myopia - iri" pamwe "kana" kubvisa Uye hazvisi pamusoro zvemashoko kana demerits zvakadaro pathological chakajairika "?". Chokwadi, hapana chakanaka, kana munhu chirwere myopia. Pfungwa "ndinoiitawo" kana "kubvisa" vanofanira kutenga mu iyi - kuti zvido varwere.

tsananguro

Myopia (nearsightedness zita medical) - iri zvikuru zvakajairika zvokurwara refractive zvikanganiso, zvakazoita paumbwe mifananidzo zvinhu pamberi the retina kunoitika. Vanhu vane chirwere ichi pedyo ona zvakanaka, asi ari nechokure - zvakaipa. Kure zvinhu sevanhu avhiringidzwa kwavari, blurry, kubva kukoshesa. Inowira pasi mumwe kutarisana acuity.

kupatsanura

Kana munhu akawedzera ziso urefu chirwere axial myopia. Kana cornea ane guru simba refractive, umo inopfurwa chiduku zvatichiri urefu, anovandudza refractive myopia. Kazhinji, mhando mbiri vari kubatanidzwa uye varipo panguva imwecheteyo.

Mhando myopia, zvichienderana akaderedza sei kutarisana acuity:

• simba - kusvika diopters matatu;
• paavhareji - kusvika diopters nhanhatu;
• simba - kusvika diopters matanhatu.

Misi uye zvinokonzera

Myopia anogona kuva chero zera, asi kazhinji kekutanga inowanikwa muvana manomwe nemaviri. In kuyaruka Kazhinji dzinowedzerwa nearsightedness. Kudzikamiswa zvaakaratidzwa kunoitika pakati pemakore gumi nemasere uye mana makore.

The zvinokonzera myopia havasi aizvinzwisisa kusvikira ikozvino. Asi vamwe zvinokonzera njodzi wakaiswa, izvo zvinosanganisira:

• Nhodzera. Kana kana vabereki vose vari nearsighted, kuti ndingangokuvara kuziva miedzo myopia ari mwana pasi pemakore gumi nemasere makore yakawedzera kusvika makumi mashanu kubva muzana. Kana vabereki vose vane dzose chiratidzo, pangozi myopia mune mwana muzana masere chete. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti nhaka zvikonzero zviri kwetunhu collagen (connective zvinyama mapuroteni) kuti zvinodiwa nemamiriro sclera (ziso), kuona zvinoverengeka urema. Kushaikwa siyana micronutrients zvakafanira kuti kwetunhu sclera, ari kudya kungawedzera kuchiita myopia.
• Eyestrain. Zvikuru uye kwenguva refu kushushikana, sizvo zvigaro chinzvimbo paainyora uye kuverenga, murombo chiedza kumabasa, overreliance pakombiyuta uye TV - izvi zvose chinokurwadzai myopia. Uyu ndinoiitawo kana kubvisa, kana mumwe mwana anoverenga zvizhinji? Kubva pfungwa nemaonero kukura kwake zvedzidzo, Chokwadi, munhu ndinoiitawo. Asi mhinduro akadaro handivo panyaya yeutano. Kazhinji, myopia hwapedyo chete kana kunotangira dzidzo.
• Usava kururamiswa. Kana matambudziko wokutanga pakarepo kuitwa chiratidzo kururamiswa. Kana overvoltage kunoitika myopia ziso tsandanyama, pasina kururamisa kunotungamirira kuchiita chirwere, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange chirwere "ziso usimbe" (amblyopia) uye strabismus. Uyewo kunobatsira kuwedzera kuwanda myopia chinokutambudza "simba" kuonana lenses kana magirazi.

budiriro myopia

Ichi chirwere kunokwanisa kuonekwa kana myopia gore yakawedzera rimwe diopter kana kupfuura. Chinonyanya ndichibvunza zvokurwara mberi mune vana kuchikoro zera, nekuti munguva nokudzidziswa yavanowana simba kutarisana mutoro. Uyewo, panguva iyoyo vachishingaira kukura muviri, kunyanya maziso. Elongation ari anteroposterior mirayiridzo yeziso, mune zvimwe zviitiko zvaanobata pathological hunhu, izvo zvinoreva yokuzviparadzanisa uye retinal nemisodzi, kurasikirwa nesimba ziso rinenge vitreous opacities.

Vanhu vane myopia haana varumbidzwa kuti vaiita basa chokuita rinorema vachisimudza kana tilting musoro pasi kuruoko hwakakungwa nzvimbo kwedzimba, mitambo zvinoda chakamira pakunodengenyeka zvine muviri (mutsimba, achisvetukasvetuka, tsiva, etc.). Zviito zvakadaro havagoni kunongokonzera retinal yokuzviparadzanisa, uye kunyange upofu.

Progressive zvokurwara zvishoma nezvishoma irreversibly alters nechepakati zvikamu ziso Kamudzira uye zvinoshamisa kunoderedza kutarisana acuity. Kana kuona peripheral retinal degeneration, zvichiguma ayo yokuzviparadzanisa, Laser coagulation ziso runodiwa.

Kudzivirira myopia

Kudzivirira kukura myopia, vainyatsotarisirwa inofanira kubhadharwa kuti chiedza muoti. Ziso kugozha ikaitika muchiedza chakanaka chete. Unofanira kushandisa panhongonya chiedza uye tafura mwenje inokwana makumi matanhatu - zana watts or. Fluorescent zviedza paainyora, kuverenga haagoni kushandiswa.

Unofanirawo optimize ari modes mumuviri uye kuona mupfungwa. Makirasi dzinoitwa ziso kugozha vanofanira Alternate pamwe ichifamba, kushingaira nhandaro. Kana myopia pamwe vasanyanye kutarisana acuity kusvikira diopters matatu muviri, sezvo mutemo, havana shoma. In myopia mwero kune zvikuru wairambidza kusvetuka uye chikwidzo zviyereso. In oparesheni, zvichiratidza eyestrain, yakarumbidza ose maviri namakumi maminitsi kuita kurovedza nokuda meso ako. Kudzivirira myopia kunofanira kuitwa mune vana chikoro zera.

kuchinja mabatiro

Pane nzira dzakawanda kuti chiratidzo Kurangwa myopia. Chinhu chokutanga chaizvo zvaunofanira kuita - ndiko kushandisa ophthalmologist kuwana magirazi. Nokuti myopia kunoratidzwa kuderera zvaakaratidzwa zvinhu zviri kure, unofanira saka shandisa magirazi ane "kubvisa" chiratidzo. Uyewo, pasi pokudzora nyanzvi zvakakodzera kuita chokudzidzisa tsandanyama kuti vawane myopia anosanganisira overvoltage. Events zvinosanganisira instillation zvinodhaka, Laser kurudziro inokosha muviri ziso, mavhidhiyo kombiyuta chiratidzo kururamiswa.

Haidereri kazhinji pane mwedzi mitanhatu ose, zvinokosha kuita ophthalmologic chirwere - akayera vachishandisa longitudinal divi weziso Ultrasound michina. Gadzirira basa kwenguva refu, nekuti zvakaoma kugadzirisa nearsightedness. Zviri, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kuti vaite rokudzorera matanho: kuita mutsipa masaja, kushambira, tora suihku. Zvisinei, chero chinhu kunofanira chikwata pamwe ophthalmologist.

A rakakura basa pakurapa myopia kunoita yakadzikama uye kudya zvinovaka muviri. On chii inoda mavhitaminzi nokuti meso myopia, vakakurukura pazasi.

Kugadzirira kuzoita

Ziva zvakawanda revatema maturusi, vane ose anodiwa mavhitaminzi ziso myopia.

• "Lutein kunzwisisa" - mushonga kuti inoshanda sezvi- tsime zvinovaka muviri uye zvicherwa kune nhengo wezvakaonekwa. Kana myopia nayo anovandudza dzichipfekeka mamiriro ziso. Recommended vadzidzi uye vakuru vanoshanda pane kombiyuta kwenguva refu.
• "Vitrum Vision" - zvinoreva kuti ophthalmologists angarayira kushandisa kuti kudzivirira myopia, uyewo vaya vanoshanda murima makamuri.

mavhitaminzi

Kuwedzera mishonga, Sales vachizivawo mavhitaminzi rubatsiro rokudzorera zvaakaratidzwa. Zvichida anokosha zvavo bilberry mushoma. Fruits uye mashizha ichi chirimwa zvibereko sosudoprotektornoe uye antioxidant Chaizvoizvo, kunosimbisa vascular rusvingo, nokudaro kuwedzera elasticity, kuderedza rirambe richibvira fragility, kudzivisa pokumuka tsanga, kunonatsiridza ropa riyerere kuti the retina. Bilberry mushoma zvinofanira kutorwa kwete chete kune vanhu vane myopia, asiwo vaya vanotambura nezvimwe zvirwere ziso.

An chinokosha zvikuru pakurapa myopia ndiyo mavhitaminzi A, B2, B12, B6, C kuzvishandisa zvose unofanira vari kunzwisisa - saka iwe uchagona pakudzikamisa uye kunyange kuvandudza nokuona acuity zvinobvira.

Magirazi kana lenses?

Zvino imi munoziva kuti nyaya kuti myopia - ari "pamwe" kana "kubvisa", ndiko dzakakodzera zvokurwara chiratidzo chakadaro magirazi kana kuonana lenses. Uye zvakadini zvokurarama kururamisa zvinodiwa kushandisa? Zvichida mhinduro nyore hakuna. Uye mumwe, uye mumwe tsanangudzo ine zvakanakira nekuipira. Asi zvinhu zvokutanga pakutanga.

zvaiitwa

Nhasi harisati nzira rakajairika wezvakaonekwa kururamiswa. Zvisinei, eyeglasses zvakakumikidzwa wayo akawanda kuzvuzvungudza: vanoramba vari mhute, kuwa, masiraidhi, tsvina, uye kupindira mune zvemitambo kana chero rimwe basa. Mukuwedzera, Mhedziso pfungwa regai kupa chiratidzo kururamiswa. Ivo yekudyidzana tikadzivisa divi chiono vanotyora spatial maonero uye stereoscopic zvazviri, riri kunyanya kukosha kuti vatyairi. Kana ukawira kana rukuru kwakavhiringidza magirazi kunogona kukonzera kukuvara. Uye kana iwe zvakaipa navo kunhonga, iwe hunovimbisa pachako kunoita kwokusingaperi myopia uye ziso epfungwa. Asi, pasinei zvikanganiso, magirazi - mano kupfuura, zvakachipa uye njodzi nzira kuvandudzwa zvaakaratidzwa.

kuonana lenses

Mitambo uye rinoita vanhu vanowanzofunga kuti vanosarudza ichi chisarudzo kururamiswa. Zvechokwadi, magirazi vasati vane lenses vane zvinoverengeka zvaioneka zvikomborero. Havapindiri kunetseka mabasa uye inogona kunyange foni vanhu vakajaira upenyu. Achiri akapfeka lenses, zvakare, hwakazara payakaipira. Vakawanda havangagoni vajaire chokuti mumaziso avo pane dzimwe chinhu, uye mumwe munhu kana kuti kunyange kunzwa sema kuita. Kunyange pane maonero kuti izvo User anogona nguva dzose kuwanika pamusoro dzvuku ziso. Asi hazvisi izvo zvakaipa. Vaya vanoshandisa nzira iyi kururamiswa, pangozi zvinotapuriranwa yematambudziko, kusanganisira chakakomba, izvo vanotyisidzira kurasikirwa zvakakwana kukwanisa kuona. Contraindicated kusakara lenses panguva ipi, kunyange lightest pakati chikosoro. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kwakaoma uye muitiro wavo chokugadza / kubviswa: zviri zvikuru kusingafadzi, asi kupfuura izvozvo, panguva isina kutombokodzera nguva, kuti izvo unogona kuuya kure.

Nokuda zvainovhiringidzawo izvi kuchinja nzira kuvandudza chiratidzo vanhu vakawanda vanosarudza kushandisa yakadaro nezvechisarudzo kurapwa sezvo kuvhiyiwa pamusoro ziso. Myopia uye chokwadi inogona kubviswa nokuda zvomusejari nzira. Sei? Ndiani vachakuudza.

TOUR keratotomy

Nheyo kuvhiyiwa akadai mangwanani sezvo 1951, gore zvinganaka chiremba kubva kuJapan, Sato. Papera nzira kunyorwa kwenyaya zvizere muna IRTC "Eye Microsurgery". TOUR keratotomy anochinja corneal chimiro kuburikidza nokudziurira arikunze corneal "hwindo" wakanakisisa madhaimani banga shoma notches. Zvinoguma izvo ane zvakasiyana (pre-dzaona) refractive simba. The oparesheni asingadi kukanganisa nechepakati mapazi, uye saka kashoma kunokonzera matambudziko akadai, semuenzaniso, zvinoderedza pakati corneal pachena kana misha yacho Manyiminya centre. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kunyange post-zvinorwadza kana vachiberekwa astigmatism inogona kubviswa nenzira iyi. Uye mumwe ndinoiitawo - kururamiswa uyu isingadhuri zvikuru kupfuura Laser. Operation unoshanda kune myopia pamwe vasanyanye kutarisana acuity kubva imwe mana kana mashanu diopters. Parizvino, vose nezvipfuwo uye dzimwe nyanzvi dzinokurudzira nzira iyi zvomusejari anatsiridze chiratidzo sezvo inonyatsobudirira, hwakavimbika uye rakachengeteka. Muna 85 muzana TOUR keratotomy kunoita kutarisana acuity pakati 0.5 diopters kana kupfuura.

LASIK

Izvi zvakare yakachengeteka uye vakarongeka mashandiro pamusoro ziso. Myopia - handiyo chete zvokurwara izvo zvinogona kugadziridzwa nenzira yakadaro, asi kazhinji rinoshandiswa kururamisa myopia. The mashandiro ari sezvinotevera: Kushandisa chaiyo mudziyo, ari microkeratome, iri runodzivirira pamusoro cornea kuita diki vharafu, uye ipapo Ipwa excimer Laser homogeneous yomukati akaturikidzana zviri cornea kuti kudzika zvakakodzera kupa achida curvature. Zvadaro, rwokudzivirira rukoko iri akadzokera kunzvimbo yayo. Operation rinobvumira kurangwa myopia pamwe vasanyanye kutarisana acuity kusvika 15 diopters uye kuderedza vapore nguva kwemazuva mashomanana. Kana myopia hwakasimba chaizvo (kupfuura 15 diopters), LASIK haana varumbidzwa, nekuti panguva oparesheni ngozi rive dete yacho cornea. With dhigirii ichi myopia kunogona chete kubatsira muchibereko ane intraocular izvo.