Mutemo "Pamusoro Pokutora Nhoroondo" N 218-FZ ine zvigadziridzo uye kuwedzera

Mutemo weCredit Histories unosanganisira zvikamu zvose zvakakosha pamusoro pekushanda kwebasaaus inonyanya kugadzirisa zvikwereti, mari yemabhuku, mamwe masangano ematunhu uye mamwe akawanda ezvinhu zvinoumba chikwereti. Zvinyorwa zveBurumende Mutemo "Pamusoro peKodha Dzakaitika" zvichakurukurwa zvakadzama munyaya ino.

Zvinangwa zveDare reMutemo

218-FZ "Pamusoro peCredit Histories" inogadzirisa pfungwa uye kuumbwa kwekwereti yekwereti, hurongwa hwekuumbwa kwayo, kushandiswa uye kuchengetedzwa. Chinangwa chikuru cheMutemo ndechekuchengetedza kushanda zvakanaka kwemasangano emakwereti, pamwe nekuvandudza huwandu hwekudzivirirwa kwevakwereta nevakwereta kuburikidza nekuderedza zvikwereti zvekwereti. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, Federal Law No. 218-FZ "Pamusoro peCredit Histories" inoda kuti zvisikwa uye kubudirira kwemamiriro ekuongorora nekuchengetwa kwekodzero dzemakero zvakapiwa mahofisi chaiwo.

Ndeipi hukama huri kutungamirirwa neBritain Law "Pamusoro Pezvokutora Nhoroondo"? Pano zvakakodzera kufananidzira:

• Ukama pakati pevakwereta nevatengesi;
• Ukama huri pakati pehutungamiri hurumende uye hurumende yehurumende;
• Ukama pakati pevanhu neCent Credit Credit.

Zvisizvo zvakakosha kuti utaure nezvemashoko anoshandiswa mumutambo unofungidzirwa.

Concepts

Chinhu chekutanga uye zvichida chinonyanya kukosha ndeye chikwereti chenhoroondo. Mutemo wezvematongerwo enyika unoratidzika semashoko anokosha, ayo anogadzirirwa nemitemo inokosha uye inochengetwa muhofisi chaiyo.

Chirevo chinotevera isungano yechikwereti. Mutemo munyaya iyi ndeye gwaro rine mazwi echikwereti. Pano zvakakosha kujekesa pfungwa yemushumo wechikwereti - chidziro chine ruzivo pamusoro pekwereti yemari yakachengetwa muhofisi.

Zvitubu zvemari yemakwereti ndeyezvikwereti zvikwereti izvo, pasi pesungano yechikwereti, ine kodzero yekunyora mari kubva kune vane chikwereti nokuda kwekusaita kushanda kwemabasa avo. Nyaya yekwereti yemakadhi nguva dzose ndeyemunhu kana munhu wepamutemo anotora chikwereti, muvimbisi kana mukuru.

Chikwereti chenhoroondo yekodzero inhengo yepamutemo yekutengeserana. Inokwanisa kupa zvivako zvekuvakwa nekugadziriswa kwekwereti yemakore uye, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kupa kwekwereti yemarikiti. Chikwangwani chekwereti chikamu chinoshandiswa pane zvinyorwa chinotarisa d database kuti utsvake mari yechikwereti.

Icho chirevo chinogona kutorwa pano? Zvose zvataurwa zvinotaura chimwe chinhu: chikwereti chechikwereti chikamu chinoshamisa uye chakakura chine nhamba yakawanda yematavi akasiyana uye nzvimbo.

Nezvekwereti Nhoroondo

Chinhu chakakosha pane chimwe chikwereti chekwereti ndeyekwereti yekwereti. Maererano neFederal Law No. 218, iyi ibhuku rinosanganisira chikamu chikamu, ruzivo rwemashoko uye kugumisa. Chikoro chechikwereti chine mashoko ose ezvinyorwa pamusoro peshoko rezvakaitika. Iri zita nezita rezita, pasipoti data, TIN, ruzivo rwehushuwarisi nezvimwewo.

Mutemo weCredit Histories unochengetedza zvakazara nzira yekupa ruzivo kune mahofisi akakodzera. Mhedziso yemutsetse wenyaya inoiswa. Mutemo wekutsvaga nekutsanangurwa kwenhamba iyi inonyatsorongerwa muChitsauko 5 cheGwaro reDzidziso "Pamusoro peKodha Histori". Mutoro wechikwereti chekwereti ndeyekuchengetedza ruzivo rwese rwakakosha kwemakore gumi.

Kodzero dzevanhu vanogara munhau

Mutemo unosimbisa kodzero dzekodzero dzezvikwereti zvemakwerekiti. Nyaya yacho, somuenzaniso, ine kodzero yekugamuchira ruzivo pamusoro pokuti chikamu chekwereti chake chiripi muCentral Catalog. Munzvimbo ipi neipi, iyo nhoroondo iripo, nyaya yacho inokwanisa kugamuchira zvikwereti zvekwereti. Mukuzara kana muchidimbu nyaya yacho inokwanisa kupikisa ruzivo rwakanyorwa munhoroondo yemutero. Nokuda kweizvi, zvakakosha kuisa zvikwereti zvakakodzera nezvikwereti zvekwereti. Ihofisi pachayo inofanirwa kupa mhinduro pakapera mwedzi mumwe chete. Chii chingava nemhinduro? Pane zvingasarudzwa zviviri: kana nhoroondo yekuitika, kana kuregererwa kwayo. Panguva imwecheteyo, hofisi pachayo haisungirwi kuenderera mberi zvakare kuongororwa kwemashoko anokakavadzana. Nyaya yacho inokwanisawo kukwidza zviito zvebasa iri mumatongerwo enyika.

Rights Bureau

Ndeipi mitero yepamutemo yezvikwereti zvekwereti? Mutemo weCredit Histories unogadza zvinotevera zvinotaurwa muChitsauko 9:

• Iko kodzero yekupa mazano ekugoverwa kwemishumo maererano nemitemo yakagadzwa nemutemo.
• Mukana wekuita muhupo hwehutano hwakabatana nekuvandudzirwa kwemaitiro ekuenzanisa pakuverenga kuongororwa kwevatrusti uye kushandiswa kwavo. Kubudirira kunofanira kunge kwakabva kune ruzivo rwunenge ruri mune chikwereti chekwereti.
• Iko kodzero yekugadzira masangano uye masangano ekuchengetedza kodzero uye zvido zvevanhu vayo. Kugadziriswa kwezvinhu, kugutsikana nesayenzi, ruzivo, unyanzvi uye chero zvimwe zvido zvinogona kuita zvose zvinobudirira mukati memusangano.
• Kodzero yekukumbira ruzivo rwakasiyana kubva kuvakuru vakuru vehurumende, hurumende dzemaguta, reRussian Bank, marudzi akasiyana ezvimwe mari-mamwe mari, nezvimwewo.

Uye mabasa api ane mabasa? Izvi zvichakurukurwa gare gare.

Mabasa ebhadhara mari

Maererano neThe Federal Law pamusoro peCredit Histories, hurumende yehurumende inosungirwa kuti iite zvinotevera mabasa ehutano:

• Kupa ruzivo kubva pamapeji echikwata chekwerekiti yemakore kusvika kuCentral Catalog.
• Mharidzo kuCentral Catalog of information pamusoro pekuregererwa kwekodzero yekwereti - maererano nemitemo uye mafomu akaiswa neBhange reRussia.
• Kupa pane chikonzero chisingabhadharwi kune zvakabva munhoroondo mukana wekuita shanduko mumashoko anowanikwa munhoroondo yekwereti.
• Mvumo yekuve uye nguva nenguva kushandisa chirevheni chekuchengetedzwa kwekodhidzi rwemashoko akavanzika.
• Kusununguka kwehupoti yekwereti kune mumwe nomumwe wekwereti yekwereti.
• Kuiswa kwekushandurwa kwemashoko mukwereti yekwereti yebato rakakosha.

Nokudaro, chero chikwangwani chekodhidhi yekodhi ine simba rakakura zvakakwana dzemasimba uye mabasa.

Nzira dzekugadzirisa zvakare uye kushandiswa kwemahofisi

Nzira yekubvisa imwe chikwereti chekwereti inowanikwa muChitsauko 11 cheGwaro reDare reMari Yezvakaitika. Bhizinesi, maererano neshoko rino, rinogona kushandiswa chete maererano nemitemo yakagadzwa nemutemo. Kwenguva yose yekugadzirisa basa, sangano rinorega kugamuchira nekugadzirisa mashoko kubva kune zvakakosha mamiriro uye masangano. Mumazuva matatu kubva pakagamuchira chiziviso pamusoro pekudikanwa kwekuvharwa kwemahofisi, anozivisa zvose zvinyorwa zvemabhuku echikwereti, nzvimbo dzine ruzivo ruzivo muzvinyorwa zvinyorwa - zvose-Russian uye munzvimbo (panzvimbo yekudzima).

Mumamiriro ezvinhu nekugadzirisa zvakare, zvose zvinodiwa basa zvese zvichave zvakafanana. Misiyano chete ndeyokuti kana mahofisi acho akashandurwa, ane kodzero yekuita mabasa akawandana akabatanidzwa nekutengeswa kwemugove uripo.

Pamusoro peCentral Catalog

Zvakakosha, pakupedzisira, kutaura pamusoro pekushanda kweCentral Credit Catalog yeRussian Federation. Iyi sangano inogadzirwa neBhange reRussia. Chinangwa chebhuragi ndechekuunganidza, kuchengetedza uye kupa zvidzidzo uye kushandiswa kwekwerekiti yemakore nemashoko pamusoro pekodzero dzekwereti yekodha.

Nhamba yacho inotarisana nekuchengetwa kwemashoko anogadzira zvikamu zvezvinyorwa zvekwereti yese yekwereti, iyo inochengetedzwa nemabhadhara emarikiti. Basa rinokosha zvikuru reCentral Catalog nderokupa ruzivo pamusoro pemarikiti yemarikiti. Notary, vashandisi uye nenyaya dzechikwereti nhoroondo, magweta, vaongorori uye mamwe mapoka evanhu vanogona kukumbira ruzivo.

Pachigaro chehurumende

Musi waJuly 23, 2013, mutemo wekwereti yemakero wakashandurwa. Nokudaro, Chitsauko 14 chemurairo wemutemo iye zvino chinopa kuti hurumende inotarisira uye kutonga pamusoro pemabasa ekubhadhara zvikwereti inoitwa neBhangi reRussia mukuteerera zvakakwana nemitemo.

Ndeapi mabasa eBhangi reRussia? Hezvino izvo murairo unogadzirisa:

• Shandisa nerejistori yehurumende yemari yechikwereti maererano nemitemo yakagadzwa neBhange reRussia;
• Kugadziriswa kwezvinodiwa kwehupfumi hwepamusoro uye mukurumbira unyanzvi hwevadzidzi vose vezvikwereti zvekwereti;
• Kuchengeta kubva kuongororo pakuchengetedza nemakambani anowirirana ezvinoda zvemitemo ye federal;
• Kutumira kune mahofisi mirayiridzo yekubviswa kwokuputsa mune imwe nzvimbo kana imwe;
• Kushandiswa kwemamwe mabasa nemabasa anopiwa nemutemo weRussian Federation.

Mutemo unorayira mutemo maererano nesarudzo ipi neipi yeBanki reRussia inogona kupomerwa kudare.