Pfupiso ye "Odyssey" pakati Homer. "The Odyssey" - ndiyo imwe yenharaunda mienzaniso mabhuku yekare

Pfupiso ye "Odyssey" pakati Homer - nyaya inoshamisa refu madzungairiro rechiGiriki mambo Ithaca, Odysseus ari vakashinga, uye paakadzoka mudzimai wake waaida Penelope. Kana "rinonzi Iliad" Homer chinotaura ose chiito Troy uye yakapoteredza, mu "Odyssey" Chiitiko dynamically. Muverengi rinoitwa pamwe magamba Troy kuIjipiti, ipapo - mu North Africa uye Peloponnese, zviri Ithaca kumadokero kweGungwa reMediterranean.

Lives evanhu mushure kubatwa pakati Troy

Zano anotanga makore gumi pashure mukukunda nevaGiriki muna ari Trojan War. Vamwari akatsamwa haana kubvumira Odysseus kodzero norusununguko kudzokera kumisha yavo. Kwechinguva gamba anogara kure kumavirira chitsuwa Violet gungwa nymph Calypso. Kwenguva refu kare murevereri Odyssey Athena anoedza kukumbira mvumo kubva Zeus kurwira murume, uye pakupedzisira anokwanisa izvozvo. Athena neimwe nzira kuna Ithaca, apo Penelope uye mwanakomana wake Telemachus akadana kumativi ose kunokurumidziswa Grooms. vanhu vanopfuura zana anyengetedze mambokadzi kusarudza mumwe wavo nokuda murume pamusoro chikonzero kuti Odysseus wafa. Zvisinei, Penelope anopfuurira kutarisira kudzoka wake. Athena anoti kuna Telemachus, uye vabvume kuti varove mugwagwa kuziva chero ruzivo pamusoro njodzi baba vake. Pakarepo, Telemachus Anoenda akananga Pylos (ari kumadokero kumucheto Peloponnese), muguta Nestor.

Tanga mbeya Telemachus

Nestor Telemachus inopa chomudiki. Kunoitawo jaya kurara mumuzinda wake, uye madekwana rinotiudza matambudziko nezvinoda vamwe vatungamiriri munzira kubva Troy Greek. Pamwe chete kupenya kwezuva ngoro kutumirwa Telemachus kuna Sparta, apo Menelaus uye Helen zvakare kurarama murudo nekuwirirana. In aendesa pepfupikiso "Odyssey" pamusoro Homer, zvinokosha kutaura chokwadi kuti vakaita kwazvo mutambo vachikudza Telemachus, uye kuudza nyaya yakakurumbira bhiza yematanda, kuvakwa izvo zano nevaGiriki Odysseus. Zvisinei, kubatsira mukomana yababa vake tsvakurudzo, havagoni.

The-refu akamirirwa kusunungurwa Odyssey

Panguva iyoyo vari Ithaca Penelope kuti suitors Telemachus kusarudza kuronga vavandire uye vagomuuraya. Athena kunotanga zvakare kutaura nokubudiswa Odysseus. Hermes, mutumwa vamwari, kuchikuchidzirwa Zeus anotumirwa Calypso vachirayira kuti iye ndirege gamba. Odysseus chatangwa kuvaka igwa, uye ipapo nechikepe akananga Ithaca. Asi mutongi yamakungwa, Poseidon akanga achiri anotsamwira kwaari ari gamba kunyimwa Cyclops Polyphemus, mwanakomana waMwari. Naizvozvo, Poseidon anotuma Odysseus tsitsi dutu, igwa gamba iri putswa, uye chete tichibatsirwa Athena iye Vanotarisira kusvika kumhenderekedzo.

Odyssey Path kuimba kwaisava nyore

Next, pepfupikiso "Odyssey" pakati Homer anotiudza pamusoro zviitiko mangwana. The gamba anopepuka inzwi vasikana 'manzwi. It Scheria muchindakadzi ainzi Nausicaa uye muranda wake akatendeka. Odysseus anokumbira Nausicaa rubatsiro, uye kuti akanaka kune gamba - iye anomupa zvokudya uye zvokupfeka, uye zvakafanana nyaya pachake uye vabereki vake youmambo. Nausicaa vasikana akatiwo kuti anoda kuona munhu akadai wake. Zimai anotumira Odysseus guru, apo akanga asara inozviitira, inoyemura zvikuru mumuzinda uye zvinoshamisa nebindu ramambo Phaeacians. Munguva pakuzvichenesa horo akanga akakwazisa King Alcinous wake Arete - vane gamba iri zvikuru nyasha welcome uye kuteerera chikumbiro chake kumubatsira kudzokera kunyika yake.

Zuva rakatevera ari Phaeacians guru kuronga mutambo mukuru. The matarenda muimbi Demodocus anoramba achidzokorora ngano dzekare dzakati wandei vanamwari uye magamba. Alcinous anobvunzawo Odysseus kuna Phaeacians akaudza vanhu pamusoro pachavo uye adventures zvaitika kwaari. Nakisisa, achirova hwomoyo nyaya Odysseus mberi mukati usiku, uye FEACO kufara kumuteerera. The hunhu hwakanaka vanhu norupo pakaiswa mueni wake, uye ipapo kukutsigira aine chikepe mukuru-nokukurumidza uye anotuma Odysseus musha. The gamba pachake achinyatsotaurira munguva ino nehope. Kana akamuka, akaona kuti akanga awana pachake muna Ithaca, apo ava namakore anenge makumi maviri kwete.

Dzokerai Ithaca uye musangano nemwanakomana wake

Panguva ino mune pfupiso ye "Odyssey" pakati Homer hunodzokera musi Athena. It yagara akamirira gamba uye pakarepo akanyevera kuti mumuzinda wake pangozi. Vazvidzi uye vaneta nokumirira Grooms vanotokwanisa vakagadzirira kuuraya mambo, kana iye achava yakawanikwa kumba kwake. Naizvozvo Athena Odysseus reincarnate kuva mupemhi, uye iye ari akatuma iri kuda kuti Telemachus, akadzungaira pamusoro Greek yakaoma. Odysseus panguva ino Anodzivisawo panguva swineherd ainzi Evmey. Kunyange haana akabvuma tenzi wake, asi haana akakwanisa iye chaizvo nemutsa uye ushamwari. Telemachus anodzoka uye Athena anobatsira mukomana kuwana baba vake.

Ndezvipi zvimwe anoudza Homer? "Odyssey", zviri izvo tinodzidza, anoenderera. Pashure pomusangano rinofadza baba nomwanakomana, vaviri vavo kuva chirongwa kuparadza suitors ose Penelope. Telemachus anoenda kurutivi yamambo, uye Odysseus, pasina kuchinja chimiro panguva ino, anotumirwa gare gare. Vamwe Grooms navaranda utsinye navo, uye nyanzvi mupemhi Il kunyange hunokonzera Odyssey kurwa. Odysseus Rinotarisira kutaura Penelope ndokuriisa kuti ingano ake anotsausa. Zvisinei vazowana tapedza Evrikleyu, mureri wake akwegura, haagoni: mboni anoziva mukadzi ari mutana vanga negumbo rake. Odysseus anonyengetedza Evrikleyu kuchengeta zvakavanzika zvake kudzoka. Penelope chete, haana guessing pamusoro unomira pamberi paro, maererano Odyssey pamusoro chinoshamisa hope kuti iye akarota usiku hwapfuura, uye ayo chinangwa kuronga makwikwi nokuda suitors, anotevera ayo achasarudza ndeupi wavo uchava wake naye.

Revenge of Odyssey uye yokutonga runyararo

Pakupedzisira, zuva makwikwi. murume Penelope zvinofanira kuva uyo anowembura uta Odysseus, kudhonza tambo uye ipapo kuposhera museve zvokuti nendege kuburikidza gumi nevaviri zvindori - makomba mubato iri demo iri kuratidza pamusara. suitors zhinji akatambura chipingamupinyi, uye mupemhi (akavanda pasi achinyepera iyo Odysseus) Vanotarisira kuzviita. Anovhiringidza kure masaga anova pamwe Telemachus pamusuo yoUmambo uye nevashumiri vaviri vakazvitsaurira mwanakomana uye baba anouraya suitors zvose. Penelope Odysseus rinoronga check yokutanga nechokwadi chokuti mberi kwaro chaizvoizvo murume uye ipapo vachifara anomutora murume pashure Kuparadzana refu.

Zvinonzi kusvika pakuguma nyaya, rakanga zvinorondedzerwa ake nhetembo Homer. "The Odyssey", pfupi chaizvo pfupiso unopirwa munyaya ino inoguma gamba anoenda kunoona Laertes - baba vake vakwegura. In Vachitsvaka kuti vatsive hama vane suitors. Pamwe mashoma vakatendeka varanda, baba nomwanakomana, Odysseus Vanotarisira kuti vadzivise kurwisa. Zvino Athena apindira pamwe Zeus kuti mvumo uye kubatsira Re-pave norugare uye kubudirira mune yakakura Ithaca.