Mutauro Dead uye mhenyu upenyu: Latin

Richirondedzera munyika mitauro, nyanzvi dzemitauro, masayendisiti kushandisa mazano akasiyana-siyana kupatsanura. Languages ikashandiswa muzvikwata nenzvimbo (muganhu) musimboti, pedyo pamitemo yemitauro mamiriro, pahwaro mitauro kushandisika kushandiswa iri mhenyu pakutaura kwezuva nezuva.

Uchishandisa yokupedzisira chokuratidza, vatsvakurudzi akaparadzanisa mumitauro yose nyika mapoka maviri makuru - vapenyu uye mitauro akafa. The chikuru zviri wokutanga - kushandisa navo zuva nezuva kukurukurirana, mutauro netsika, pazera guru yevanhu (rudzi). mutauro Living kunoramba kushandiswa pakukurukurirana kwezuva nezuva, kuchinja, kuoma kana nyore nokufamba kwenguva.

Chinonyanya kuoneka kuchinja kuitika mune duramazwi (Mutauro) mutauro: chikamu shoko zvisingachashandi, anowana chinhu zvekare ruvara, uye musiyano, kunan'anura pfungwa itsva ngavauye mashoko matsva zvakawanda (neologisms). Other mutauro system (morphological, phonetic, syntactic) zvakawanda inert, kuchinja zvishoma nezvishoma uye unobtrusively.

mutauro akafa, kusiyana kurarama, harishandiswi hwezuva nezuva mutauro tsika. All Hurongwa nayo kuchinja, zvichengetedzwe, dzinogara zvinhu. mutauro akafa, dziri akasiyana-siyana akanyorerwa.
mitauro yose vakafa inogona rakakamurwa mapoka makuru maviri: kutanga, avo kuti imwe nguva iri kure kare, zvaishandiswa mhenyu pakukurukurirana uye ipapo, nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, kupera kushandiswa mupenyu kukurukurirana kwevanhu (Latin, Greek, Coptic, Old Odin, Gothic). The boka mitauro akafa yechipiri inosanganisira avo umo hapana nokusingaperi akaudzwa; Zvakasikwa zvakananga kuita chero mabasa (saka Somuenzaniso, paiva Old mutauro kwechiSlavonic - mutauro echiKristu minamato magwaro). mutauro Dead kazhinji yachinjwa kuva mupenyu, achishingaira kushandiswa (somuenzaniso, Greek akapa nzira mitauro ano uye tumitauro muGirisi).

Latin chatinokoshesa pakati zororo. Pasina mubvunzo, Latin - mutauro akafa: mune yainakidza muhurukuro uchidzidzira havadyi kumativi remakore rechitanhatu AD. Asi, Ukuwo, muchiLatin akawana widest chikumbiro iri mishonga, zvokurapa, zvesayenzi mazwi, kunamata Catholic (Latin - pamutemo "mamiriro" mutauro Mutsvene See uye Vatican City State). Sezvaunogona kuona, "vakafa" Latin zvinowanzodavirwa kushandiswa muminda zvoupenyu sainzi, ruzivo siyana. chakakomba philological mumayunivhesiti All hazvo inosanganisira chiLatin zvezvaidzidziswa, vachichengeta saka tsika sunungukei dzidzo chekare. Mukuwedzera, mutauro akafa - ndimo pfupi uye nyanyisa aphorisms kuti ndagura mazera: kana uchida rugare - kugadzirira hondo; Memento Mori; Murapi, zvirape iwe - mashoko aya ose "kuberekwa" kubva muchiLatin. Latin - inhaurwa chaizvo uye zvakanaka akavaka mutauro, vachikanda, hapana-musoro uye kutukana pamateko; hazvina chete kushandiswa utilitarian zvinangwa (kunyora tsamba, paumbwe imwe thesaurus nesayenzi), asi zviri zvimwe nzira muenzaniso, mutauro mureza.