Minaret - chii? Mavambo, nhoroondo uye zvimwe mapurani siyana

Minaret chaiyo kweshoko iri ndiye yose Islamic mapurani. The shongwe - zvikuru ziso-ndibate chinhu kuvakwa, chinhu chikuru kuti rinojekesa kuti ruzivo mufambi uri Mosque pamberi pake. Kunyange zvakadaro, decoration, mapurani inoti - hazvina kukosha Arch, zvakakosha kwayo functionality.

Chii chinonzi Arch? Basic Dzidziso yaro mavambo

Shoko "Arch" rinobva Arabic rokuti "Manar", iro rinoshandurudzwa rinoreva "yechiedza". The zita, sezvo tinogona kuchengeta rokufananidzira Arch, sezvinoita yechiedza, yakagadzirirwa kuzivisa. Kana minareeteissa vokutanga kumahombekombe maguta ari yadzo dzakavhenekera moto ngarava kuti kutaridzwa nzira kuna coves.

Anenge 100 apfuura, mumwe muongorori wezvaiitika kuIjipiti Butler akataura kuti mutemo chimiro Minaret of Cairo Mamluk yaitonga, inova seshongwe dzakasiyana-mapiramidhi akaisa rimwe panorumwe, ndiko retrospective of Alexandria Cuba - a vakaziva mapurani nechishamiso zvenyika yekare. Zvinosuruvarisa panguva yakasvika chete rondedzero Pahath Alexandria. Kunyange zvakadaro, izvozvo zvinozivikanwa kuti yechiedza yakanga yakasimba panguva navaArabhu vakasvika Egipita, saka kuti pfungwa kuti nokukwereta ake mapurani siyana vari anobata.

Vamwe vaongorori vanodavira kuti minareeteissa - mapurani venhaka ziggurats Mesopotamia. Somuenzaniso, munhu wose aiziva chimiro ziggurat, vakatanga fanano wake 50-mita Arch of Al-mallow muna Samarra.

Uyewo mumwe dzidziso matangiro chimiro minareeteissa ari nokukwereta zvavo mapurani zviruva kubva shongwe chechi. Shanduro iyi zvinoshanda minareeteissa mativi uye cylindrical muchinjikwa-sectional chimiro.

kugadzwa minareeteissa

It akanzwa chikumbiro munyengetero kubva Arch ose zuva. Kana chechi pane zvikuru vakadzidziswa vanhu - the muezzin, vakuru vakuru vane mabasa zvinosanganisira nezuva-nguva shanu ziviso pamusoro pakutanga munamato.

Kuti achikwira pamusoro Arch, kureva Sharaf (nhurikidzwa), kuti muezzin achikwira pamusoro zononoka manera mukati Arch. minareeteissa siyana vane zvakasiyana nhamba Sharafov (imwe kana mbiri, kana 3-4): Kureba kwembiru Arch ndiwo parameter kuti anosarudza uwandu.

Sezvo zvimwe minareeteissa yakamanikana chaizvo madenderedzwa iyi zononoka manera aigona kuverengwa, saka kuti kuwedzera nemasitepisi akaporeswa mutsekwende uye dzimwe nguva zvinotora maawa (kunyanya kana muezzin akwegura).

Panguva ino iri muezzin basa zvikuru nyore. Iye havachazofaniri vanokwira Arch. Zvichaitika, ungabvunza, chii zvachinja kubva vechiIslam mutemo? Mhinduro iri nyore - rwokugadzira mberi. With kukura vakawanda ziviso michina ose basa muezzin akatanga kuita mukurukuri akatasva pamusoro Sharaf Arch 5 kanomwe pazuva iri kwaita pakurira rekodhi adhan - chikumbiro munyengetero.

Nhoroondo kuvakwa minareeteissa

The chechi yokutanga chaizvo neshongwe, akafanana minareeteissa, yakavakwa muna weDhamasko rechi8 remakore. chechi iyi yakanga 4 yakaderera mativi shongwe, anenge indistinguishable kubva zvinonyatsorehwa yakakwirira pamusoro mapurani hurongwa. Mumwe nomumwe neshongwe chechi vaguely nowenyika The Arch. Chii We vakasarudzwa shongwe izvi yasara kubva fence weRoma Temberi Jupiter, uyo akanga amire pamusoro nzvimbo yaimbova chechi, usingazivi kuti vamwe.

Vamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika vanofunga kuti shongwe Roman hadzina kubviswa nokuti pavaitandarira chechi: muezzins akadana pamusoro pavo kuti vaMuslim kuti munamato. pyramidal misoro Papera chinguva mashomanana dzakavakwa pamusoro peshongwe izvi rakanga ragara, pashure vakatanga kufanana Minaret of Mamluk yaitonga sevaya vari Samarra.

Zvadaro pane tsika, maererano uyo plume aigona kuvaka chechi kupfuura imwe Arch. Facilities kuti dzakavakwa pamusoro mirairo vatongi, vakanga yepamusoro mapurani art pakati vaMuslim. Kusimbisa kwayo chinzvimbo raitonga sultans haana stint pamusoro apedzerana uye zvinhu, vakaripira yakanakisisa ezvivako uye vakavakazve Mosque pamwe minareeteissa dzakawanda (6 uye kunyange 7), izvo dzimwe nguva haana kuva mumuviri anokwanisa kupedza imwe Arch. Chii zvinogona kureva yakafanana scale, kubwinya, eChechi pakuvaka mosques uye minareeteissa, tinogona kuratidza nyaya inotevera.

Kana akavaka Suleymaniye Mosque, paiva refu yokumbozorora nokuda asingazivikanwi zvikonzero. Paakanzwa izvi, Safavid Shah Tahmasib I chinangwa seka uye Sultan akamutumira bhokisi Zvishongo uye zvishongo, zvokuti kwavari akakwanisa kuramba kuvakwa. Sultan, kushatiriswa kusekwa, akarayira mapurani ake Makakamura ose anokosha, kanya navo mumba chivakwa zvinhu uye kuvaka kubva Arch. Maererano nedzimwe zvinyorwa zvisina kunanga kuti Arch of Suleymaniye Mosque kwenguva yakareba vari Iridescent muzuva.

Kuvakwa minareeteissa

The Arch of Mosque sezvo rimwe Kufananidzira pave naye vasingasiyani mapurani kunzwisisa. Kune akawanda zvinokosha wezvamatongerwe Arch. Chii zviri zvinhu izvi nemaziso, unogona kuonekwa anenge ose chechi yakaoma.

Arch shongwe akatasva nheyo yakasimba mavhu uye clamping zvokuvakisa.

Nechomumugwagwa mukomberedzo shongwe ine inoshandisa dzidziso nhurikidzwa Sharaf, uyo, akavapindurawo, rinoshandisa mukarny - Decorative pemidengerero kuti vanoshumira anotsigira nhurikidzwa.

At pamusoro Arch riri cylindrical neshongwe Petek, izvo vachisimudza kuti spire ane kirisendi.

Kumboda minareeteissa dzinoitwa akavezwa, nokuti ndiyo akatsiga uye vafuke zvinhu. The womukati nemamiriro kurwisa inopiwa rakavakirirwa stairwell.