Mavhawero muna Russian

Chimwe chezvinhu zvakaoma kuti vadzidzi zvikamu mumutauro Russian - phonetics. Kazhinji vadzidzi vanokanganisawo pamwe phonetic kuongorora mashoko, hunhu nemitinhimira, phonemes. Asi munzira dzakawanda zivo phonetics - kiyi imwe kuverenga uye cultured kutaura. Saka, zvakawanda kutarisirwa inofanira kubhadharwa kuti nyaya iyi, sezvo ruzha. Nhasi, tiri kufarira mavhawero. The tsamba zvavanopa kunan'anura, sezvo ichakurukurwa munyaya yedu. Regai famba kuteerera uye isu tiri mukuru zvechadenga gudzanzwi mutauro wedu.

Sounds kana tsamba?

Chokutanga, ngationei kubata chii chaizvo ticharamba kutsanangura munyaya ino. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti vanhu vakawanda vanofunga kuti mutauro wokuRussia ane nemavara uye mavhawero. Vazhinji vari kunyange vakagadzirira nharo uye achagara zvakasimba kudzivirira mhosva yavo. Asi?

Kutaura zvazviri, chete ruzha ndivo amenable kuti mutauro Russian kupatsanura kwakadaro. Tsamba uyewo kushumira sechiratidzo imwe phoneme kana mubatanidzwa phonemes hwakajeka, uyewo anoratidza chepfungwa ezita inzwi. Naizvozvo, hatigoni kutaura kuti tsamba vari mavhawero kana nemavara, kuvhunduka kana unstressed.

tsananguro

Mberi zvakananga nzvanyira noruzhinji phonemes. Mutauro Russian ane mavhawero nhanhatu, izvo zvinozoita vanozivikanwa gumi 'mavhawero. " Pakugadzirwa kurira mashoko kubva mumuromo anoona mhepo rukova izvo vanosangana pamwe zvipingamupinyi munzira kwayo. Saka nzvanyira ruzha vanoumbwa chete manzwi. Kusiyana nemavara, vanogona kutambanudza kana nziyo. mahonyera aya zvinosanganisira zvinotevera: [munhu], [munhu], [v], [e], [uye] [va].

Mavhawero vane zvinotevera huru unhu: nhamba, kukurudzira, kuvhunduka kana unstressed chinzvimbo. Uyezve, zvinoita here govera yakananga chinoratidza sezvo labialization.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ndiro nzvanyira ruzha vari syllabic. Yeuka kuchikoro chepuraimari, vana vanodzidziswa kuziva mabhii neshoko, tichiverenga mavhawero "tsamba".

Sound - iduku chikamu rwokutaura, harisi chete mashoko nokuda inotungamirwa mashoko, asi kunobatsirawo kusiyanisa mashoko akafanana inzwi yakarongeka (semuenzaniso, "Fox" uye "dondo" anosiyana chete chete nzvanyira). Kudzidza mavhawero uye emakonzonendi nesayenzi zvakadai phonetics.

Ngatimboongororai rimwe nerimwe maitiro aya.

Akasimbisa uye unstressed

Ngatitange pamwe nyore uye chinokosha, kubva nemaonero kutaura, unhu. Mumwe nzvanyira anogona kuva nehana kana unstressed. Nzvanyira mu unstressed nzvimbo rinonzwika zvishoma zvakajeka kupfuura nehana. Kana kunyora Saka pasinei nzvimbo ivo vanotaura tsamba chete. Mavhawero nezvainoita tsamba kunogona dzinounzwa kushandisa madudziro emazwi mavanga, inomira pamusoro tsamba. Zvinonzi aiwanzoshandisa rokuti ari zvisingawanzoitiki, duku raishandiswa yakadai, uyewo mutauro nemashoko.

Uyewo kucherechedza ndechokuti unstressed nzvanyira yakanaka zvishoma zvakajeka uye ave nedzimwe phonemes kana transcribed. Saka, unaccented nzvanyira "Haiwa" anogona unorira "munhu" uye "Ini" varurame yaitaura se "e", mukuwedzera, dzimwe nguva nzvanyira anogona zvachose. Kana transcription ichi akasiyana chakaipa yakarekodwa mashoko.

Somuenzaniso, shoko rokuti "mukaka" iri phonetic transcription chingaratidzika seizvi:

1. [malak`o] - transcription muchikoro hweutungamiri.

2. [mlak`o] - transcription kwakadaro rinowanzoshandiswa dzidzo yepamusoro masangano Philology. Sign "Y" zvinoreva kuti kurira "munhu" anotaurwa pfupi chaizvo, anenge achiwa kubva mashoko madudzirwo.

Ona kuti mumwe matambudziko Russian mutauro chiito iri unstressed mavhawero. Tsamba rinoratidza kuti tsamba, hakusi rakafanana anzwike kurira kuti zvinowanisa yakawanda zvikanganiso nguva dzose. Kana usina chokwadi zvakarurama chiperengo shoko, shandisa chiperengo duramazwi kana kutarisa chiperengo shoko nokubatsirwa mitemo vakakurumbira.

labialization

In Russian kune anonzi labialized Ruzha - "Haiwa" uye "U". Vamwe vanobatsirwa avo anogona kudana labial. peculiarity yavo iri yokuti nemiromo vanobatanidzwa, richisvika mberi vanyatsodudza. The Mamwe nzvanyira rinonzwika mutauro Russian chikamu ichi hazvirevi nhaka.

Tsamba kureva nzvanyira ruzha kuti vane chikamu ichi, ari akanyorwa transcription zvakafanana sezvo kwakajairika ruzha.

mutsara

Mumutauro Russian pamusoro Status mutauro pamuromo apo madudzirwo ruzha pane vatatu dzakatevedzana: mberi, pakati uye neshure.

Kana huru chikamu rurimi panguva zvinotaura inzwi panguva rwemberi nomumukanwa mhango - nayo (inzwi) anorondedzera kuti kumashure. Mumutsara kumberi Paaiita pakuti ezita mavhawero kurondedzera kwazviri, chikuru chikamu rurimi iri pamberi. Kuri kuti madudzirwo mutauro anopindura ane zvenguva chinzvimbo, kurira ndowenyika nechepakati nzvanyira.

To chii nhamba mamwe manzwi mutauro wokuRussia?

[A], [Y] - the kumashure;

[A], [va] - svikiro;

[U], [e] - Front.

Sezvaunogona kuona, maitiro aya nyore, chinhu chikuru - yeuka navo. Kwakapiwa kuti mutauro wokuRussia haisi mavhawero zhinji saka nemusoro kupatsanura ichi hakuzovi kwakaoma.

simuka

Uyewo, pane mumwe hunhu mavhawero pamusoro Status mutauro panguva emashoko. Pano, uyewo kupatsanura pane akatevedzana, pane mhando nhatu inzwi: pasi, svikiro uye yakakwirira chikwidzo.

Nyaya iyi inorangarira nzvimbo rurimi pamusoro mukanwa. Kana ezita mutauro kwakafanana pedyo sezvinobvira payo, kurira nzvanyira rinoreva rokumusoro anosimudza, kana iri nzvimbo tsvene-kure kubva mukanwa, ipapo yakaderera. Kana mutauro uri zvenguva chinzvimbo, zvinoreva kuti nzvanyira rinonzwika kubva avhareji yatinobva.

Sarudza ayo rokurera mavhawero mutauro wokuRussia:

[A] - dzikisa;

[E], [pamusoro] - paavhareji;

[Uye] [va] [v] - kumusoro.

maitiro aya uye kupatsanura kunogonawo kuva zvikuru nyore kuyeuka.

Kufananidza nemavara

Sezvambotaurwa, nhanhatu chete nzvanyira ichirira, asi vari akasarudzwa zvakanyorwa netsamba gumi. Ngatikurukurei chii tsamba mavhawero kuripo mumutauro weRussia.

Kuridza [munhu] runogona zvinotevera tsamba: "munhu", "I" (phonetically [yan]). Achitaura phoneme [munhu], ipapo mutsamba iye anonzi "Haiwa" uye "e" (phonetically [vad]). Labialized [Y] kunogonawo kupfuura tsamba mbiri "Y" uye "W" (phonetically [Dy]). The chete zvinogona kutaurwa pamusoro inzwi [e] zvinogona kunzi tsamba "e" uye "e" (phonetically [imi]).

The yasara Audio maviri [a] uye [va] rinoreva tsamba imwe chete - "Ini" uye "s" azvaitwa. Ndizvo zvose anonzi mavhawero munhu, o, u, i, e, W, e, f, uye s.

Murayiro transcription

Vadzidzi vazhinji, uye vadzidzi vepayunivhesiti, zvakare, kugadzirisa mabasa akadai transcribing mashoko. Funga algorithm, kungotarira hunhu mavhawero.

Order remabasa aiitwa ichi mhando ndiyo sezvinotevera:

1. Nyora shoko mufananidzo umo kwakapiwa kwamuri.

2. Next, iva nechokwadi kuti kuziva chii tsamba "mavhawero" uye ndoupi uri kuvhunduka. Kureva, unofanira kuisa kumikidzo.

3. Gurai shoko mabhii. In ichi tiri zvose zvakafanana nzvanyira kurira.

4. Nyora phonetic transcription neshoko, kufungisisa nzvimbo sezvo nzvanyira uye nzvanyira ruzha pakutaura, Variants dzayo (semuenzaniso, ari unstressed nzvimbo [munhu] inganzwika seyakawanda [munhu]).

5. Nyora wechikamu ose tsamba.

6. Sarudza chii inzwi kana rinonzwika schetanie ichasarudzwa mumwe kana mumwe tsamba, uye nyora kuti mashoko ari mbiru akatarisana.

7 rinotsanangura inzwi maitiro. Pano isu haafaniri kugara pasi maitiro nemavara, mavhawero otanovimsya chete. In tsika chikoro nokurira chete inoratidza nzvimbo hama kuti kunetseka (kuvhunduka kana unstressed). The University panguva philological mano anowedzera rinozivisa nhamba uye kukwirira, uyewo kuvapo inzwi labialization.

8. wokupedzisira nhano - nhamba tsamba uye zvinoita kuti kuongorora shoko.

Sezvaunogona kuona, hapana kwakaoma. Kana iwe nechokwadi transcription, zvinogona kugara achiongorora norubatsiro kutaurwa duramazwi.

zvakawanikwa

In mutauro wokuRussia mune ruzha nhanhatu, izvo dzinoenderana tsamba tsamba gumi earufabheti. mitinhimira izvi, uyewo dzimwe phonemes ndivo Dzinovaka iyo zvakavakwa lexical dzakabatana. Zviri nemhaka ruzha tinosiyanisa pakati mashoko, sezvo anogona kuzvishandura shanduko kunyange rimwe inzwi uye zvaanoreva kurichinja kuva akasiyana zvachose zviratidzo.

Saka, takadzidza kuti "tsamba" mavhawero: akasimbisa uye unstressed, labialized. Found kuti mumwe nzvanyira ane unhu hwakadai nhamba uye dzinonyevenutsa, takadzidza sei kuti phonetic transcription. Uyewo, tinoona kuti zvidzidzo sainzi mavhawero.

Tinovimba ichi zvinhu zvichange kubatsira kwete chete kune vadzidzi, asi vadzidzi philological fakaroti.