Leibniz kwakaita uzivi - dzidziso monads

Leibniz - rakasiyana musayendisiti uye nyanzvi yemasvomhu, gweta uye muzivi. Akaberekerwa uye vaigara muGermany. Zvinonzi ikozvino anotaurwa somumwe chakajeka vamiririri itsva yaitonga mumunda uzivi. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti muuzivi Leibniz ndiyo kutungamirirwa rationalism. Kwakavakirwa matambudziko maviri makuru: ruzivo uye fuma.

Descartes uye Spinoza

Leibniz Uzivi rinosanganisira muzvizhinji kuti pfungwa. Usati sika "mwana" wako, Leibniz akadzidza kwazvo Dzidziso Spinoza uye Descartes. muzivi wokuGermany vakasvika pakugumisa kuti havasi vakakwana uye zvachose kodzera. Saka akaberekwa pfungwa pakusika rake muuzivi Leibniz.

Leibnitz akapikisa Pfungwa younyambiri Descartes, iyo yakavakirwa kuparadzana zvinhu pamusoro chemhando uye rakadzika. Nzira pacharo wokutanga akazvimirira yamarudzi, kureva, Mwari uye avo Akasika. Rezasi Boka raireva rokusikwa zvokunyama.

Spinoza kamwe zvakabatanidzwa nefuma kupinda mumwe, saka nemiwo kuratidza kusavimbika hunyambiri. Zvisinei, muuzivi Leibniz akaratidza kuti modes rimwe chete zvacho Spinoza haisi chinhu chakafanana hwemanyorero Descartes.

Ndiwo sei muuzivi Leibniz, rinogona kunzi zvishoma sezvinotevera: dzidziso yacho multiplicity ose zvinhu.

Simplicity uye kunzwisisa monads

Monad - nyore uye zvakaoma panguva imwe chete. uzivi Leibniz haisi chete anotadza kutsanangura hunhu kupokana izvi, asi anosimbisawo nayo: Mhedziso nyore uye kusingaperi kunzwisisa. Ruzhinji Monad - musimboti, chinhu yomudzimu. Haikwanise kubata kana kunzwa. Muenzaniso unoshamisa ndiwo mweya womunhu uri nyore, kuti ndiye indivisible, uye rinoda kuti mupfumi uye siyana.

Musimboti monads

Uzivi G. V. Leybnitsa anoti kuti Monad - yakazvimirira venhumbi kunoratidzwa simba, kufamba uye nokukurumidza. Zvisinei, mumwe nomumwe ava pfungwa hazvigoni kurondedzerwa pamwe zvinhu divi, uye nokudaro Monad pachayo haisi zvinhu isangano.

munhu akazvimiririra monads

monad mumwe nomumwe chaizvo uye yepakutanga. uzivi Leibniz kwakaita muchidimbu rinoti zvose zvinhu vane kusawirirana uye kusiyana. Hwaro dzidziso monads ndiyo musimboti indistinguishability nokuzivikanwa.

Leibniz pachake kungoti akatsanangura kuti dzidziso yake. Kazhinji, somuenzaniso zvinonzi akanyorwa vanhuwo muti mashizha uye akakumbira vateereri kuwana mbiri dzakafanana papepa. Chokwadi, izvi zvakanga zvisiri. Kubva ichi vakatevera vatiwo munhu Qualitative yokusvika enyika, munhu akazvimiririra nerimwe zvinhu, zvose zvokunyama uye mafungiro.

Based uzivi dzazvino, Leibniz akanga achiuraya mumiririri wake, vachitaura pamusoro kukosha chavanoziva muupenyu hwedu. Leibniz akasimbisa kuti tiri kutungamirirwa nomudzimu kamwoyo mananara kuti kwatinoita iri chavanoziva chechetere. Kubva ichi Zvinonzwisisika hunowirirana kuti gradualism. Zviri mutemo chamazuva, uye rinoti kuti kuchinja kubva chinhu kana chiitiko mumwe kuitika monotonically uye akaramba.

Kuvhara zviri monads

Leibniz uzivi kwaisanganisira uye vanzwisise akadai zindoga. Muzivi pachake kazhinji akasimbisa kuti monad akadzivira pamusoro pacharo, kureva, hakuna migero kuburikidza iyo chinhu kunogona kupinda mariri kana kuisiya. Nemamwe mashoko, mukana navo chero monad kwete. Uye mweya womunhu. Haina vokukurukura zvinoonekwa kunze Mwari.

girazi muchadenga

uzivi Leibniz kunosimbiswa kuti Monad panguva imwe chete iri shoma nokuda yose uye zvakabatana zvose. Duality kunogona kurondwa yose dzidziso monads.

Leibniz akati kuti Monad zvakazara dzinoratidza kuitika. Nemamwe mashoko, vaduku kuchinja zvachose zvuva kuti kuchinja kweminiti chaizvo uye monads. Saka akaberekwa pfungwa maererano pre-kusimbiswa. Ndicho Monad - vapenyu, uye pfuma yayo - akatosimba nyore kubatana.

zvakawanikwa

Uzivi Leibniz, uyewo mumwe zvarinotaura, zvinoshamisa pachena pakutanga kuona uye chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda kana kuwedzera. It panguva anotsanangura kunzwisisa kwatinoita chinhu, uye zviri hwedu naye vanoziva remangwana kana zvinofunga divi.

Mharidzo vakashanda chimiro zvomudzimu, inova yezvakaita monads. Monads MUNOGONA chero chinhu, asi kusiyana vachaonekwa tsanangudzo uye Kujeka mharidzo. Somuenzaniso, ibwe - a kujeka monad uye Mwari - monads zvose Monad.

nyika yedu - ndiye Monad randinogara monads. Uye kunze vasina chimwe chinhu. nyika yedu - chete zvinogoneka uye saka yakanakisisa. Mumwe monad anogara hwake maererano chirongwa iri midzi mariri naMwari Musiki. Mapurogiramu aya akasiyana zvachose, asi kusachinja-chinja kwavo kunoshamisa. Chiitiko chimwe nechimwe vakabvumirana munyika yedu.

uzivi Leibniz kwakaita muchidimbu rinoti kuti tinorarama yakanakisisa inobvira upenyu nyika nani. Dzidziso monads, tinogona kufungidzira kuti tiri vaaida.