Kubereka chegungwa maruva. gungwa Class ruva (mufananidzo)

Hazvizivikanwi nyika zvomugungwa, izere isingatarisirwi. Vamwe vavo, pamwe korari uye algae vanoumba akasiyana nemamwe pasi pemvura minda. Crinoids - a benthic mhuka, kwete zvinomera, sezvo zvichiita sokuti pakutanga kuaona. Ivo ndezvaJehovha echinoderms.

Inogarwa gungwa maruva

Kirasi ravo raiva rakakura nzvimbo nokuparadzirwa. Mumakungwa zvenyika iri rinenge hapana nzvimbo apo akanga asina akasangana crinoids. Kune vanenge 700 mhando munhenga-nyeredzi. The Russian zvomumvura Mvura inogarwa 5 chete zvipenyu dzavo.

Crinoids anogara nyanza zvose. Depth kwavari vasingakoshi. Vose zvakaenzana zvakanaka. Asi unorema mhuka idzi vanosarudza kugara mu inodziya yegungwa mvura mumatenhere pamusoro nekorari kumboongororwa, dziri pamusoro kudzika pakadzika (200 metres).

Mhando gungwa maruva

kirasi Crinoids chinomiririrwa marudzi maviri munhenga-nyeredzi - stalked uye besstebelchatymi. vanhu vose, pasinei nemamiriro avo mhando, vari kuda ose zvinhu zviri pasi mvura. Stalked crinoids, dzinde midzi chinhu, nguva dzose kuramba panzvimbo ino. Zone metabolic yavo ichikutadzisa Kureba hunde pairi ivo vushe.

Besstebelchatye ruva, kunyimwa rubatsiro, takawana rusununguko rwakakura chiito. Vakaputsa kure substrate, vanokwanisa kukunda zvishomanana kure. Zvinoyangarara mhuka yakafanira nemwaranzi, kushanda somunhu zenze. Zvisinei, mumwe nomumwe dzinde kuine chinyoreso nyeredzi kukura kwacho haangafambi zvakabatanidzwa nedzinde danho. Ichi chinhu uye kubereka vose mhando gungwa maruva kunovaunzira pamwechete.

tsananguro zvoutachiona

Muzita mukirasi iyi mhuka Greek midzi. Crinoids (Crinoidea) anoshandura se "yakaita pamaruva." Uye zvirokwazvo, muna vanhu enzvimbo kirasi ichi, tarenda muviri, sezvinoita akasvibirira ruva. Kufanana maruva kunowedzera mavara coloring muviri munhenga nyeredzi. Paakaona penyanza akanaka chisikwa, uye ndinoda kuti mufananidzo pake. Crinoids - unofara kushongedzwa pemvura mapindu, izvo akashanda kusikwa kwakajeka wakachenjera - chisikigo pachacho.

Crinoids vane muviri mukombe serin'i pamwe waiita mhango pakati. Up mukombe vanomutswa mapazi mwaranzi (maoko) uye whisk. We stalked crinoids vasiyana pasi mukombe gunde inokura kuti kureba mumwe mita. Petiolus keriya pamwe lateral zvinoshandiswa (cirri) dzakabatana pasi. Besstebelchatye maruva inongova chinjwa cirri, kumagumo ayo anopiwa ane serrated kana "nenzara". Pamusana kwavari besstebelchatye vanhu kunamatira pasi.

Munhenga-nyeredzi vaiva chete echinoderms, uyo akakwanisa kuramba kwavo yemadzitateguru chakanangana wezwi muviri. Dorsal divi ivo rakanamatira pasi, uye kuti pose anopiwa noMweya waiita mhango akatendeuka kumusoro. Hwaro maumbirwo mitumbi yavo vakaisa-nzira shanu TOUR symmetry. The muviri inoumbwa shanu mwaranzi vaikwanisa muwande muzvikamu uye chimiro pa 10-200 "maoko venhema." Matanda anopiwa multiple matavi lateral (pinnulami).

Nemhaka renguva ichiridzwa Corolla vakaumba samambure imwe mhando kuti anobata plankton uye detritus. Mwaranzi kugadzira mapango okuvaka kurutivi chomukati anopiwa ane muco-ciliary grooves, izvo kuderedzwa dzaiita zvokutaurwa mhango. Kamwe zvokudya kunoita kuti muromo wake. Calyx ndokuhwadzira kubva kurutivi conical pakukwirira iri vakagadzirira pamwe nekunobuda netsvina buri.

Achigadzira kwokunze calcareous marangwanda kukonzera zvikamu. Inoitwa zvikamu zviviri: endoskeleton mwaranzi uye kwedzinde. mhuka idzi benthic ane tentacle, huta uye dzokubereka (chinokonzera kubereka chegungwa maruva) hurongwa. The mhango-mwaranzi zvinopfuura hunde uye bazi zvose akasarudzwa hurongwa.

Crinoids kubva vazvo vasiri chete akatarisa chakanangana dorsal-abdominal muzinda mutsetse unomhanya kuburikidza mitumbi yemhuka zvose, asi kwokunze configurations. Tentacle zvinoumba ezvinhu muchirugu-nyeredzi nyore. Somuenzaniso, hazvina kupinda ampoule, nokuti kudzora makumbo. Hazvina kuwanikwa mhuka uye madreporite.

kubereka

Tichibata nevaya vari kubereka chegungwa maruva. echinoderms ava mhuka dioecious. Sexual zvigadzirwa vanowira avo pinnuly kuti dziri pedyo mukombe. Male kazhinji kutanga jetted dzisingaoneki kubva pinnul uchishandisa anokosha maburi.

maitiro ake inotungamirira kweiyi nehadzi, vasina chinhu dzokubereka nadzo ducts. Her pinnuly chete hombodo, uye kuwa kubva kwavari mazai. zai muchangosangana zvinoitwa zvakanaka mumvura, uye ipapo anochochonya kuita mazana doliolyariyu dhiramu. Saka pane kubereka chegungwa maruva.

budiriro doliolyary

Shure kwamazuva 2-3 doliolyariya rinogara pasi. Its nokuveza muromo kunosimbiswa pamusoro substrate, chero zvinhu zvikukutu uye kunyange zvavo vanhu mhando.

Dzarasika cilia dzavo, zvinova wakaiswa.

Step pentakrinusa akaratidza kuti mukombe zvishoma nezvishoma richiratidzwa shanu-rwakavakwa marongerwo. Nedzinde rinokura vatiitire, kuva matanda akabatanidzwa dhisiki inowedzerawo. Doliolyariya anotanga akafanana dukuduku munhenga-nyeredzi, bobbing pamusoro hunde. saizi yayo zvichisiyana iri penguva 0.4-1 cm. Cold arctic mvura kufurira mazana kukura kusvika 5 masendimita pakureba. Over nguva doliolyariya unoratidzwa, kusiyaniswa kupinda padzinde uye mukapu, vakazochinja akaumba muromo. Panguva iyi Kugadzirwa mazana tsistoideynaya kunogumira.

Kusiyana kukura mapoka

Kana kubereka chegungwa maruva uye kukura mazana ose zvakangofanana, pashure pakupera pachikuva pentakrinusa mumapoka vaviri crinoids mberi kuibvisa runoyerera zvakasiyana. Stalked vanhu necheni kunzvimbo imwe, wana zvikamu mutsva hunde. Dzavo nezvishoma kuti hunde rinova rakaita wemagazini Mari (nomumwe vertebrae strung pane mumwe).

Vertebrae vane chinjwa kubatana iyo chinopa tsandanyama. hunde centre zvapararira mugero, apo utano hwake nhema uvande nedzimwe nhengo. Cirri akaronga nenzira mbiri: kana kumativi gunde, kana panguva yayo.

Individual anowana incredible Kufanana ne ruva kuti, chaizvoizvo, anoratidza vakawanda nakisisa mifananidzo. Crinoids yemazuva madzinde vane zvakasiyana urefu, kakawanda chete 75-90 cm. Uye zvisaririra madzinde kureba yakasvika 21 m. Munhenga nyeredzi kare vaiva hofori chaidzo.

Besstebelchatye seruva anovandudza zvakasiyana. Mushure mwedzi nehafu mukombe vakazvimiririra yakaputsika kubva hunde, regai kuyangarara pachena. Hunde anofa pakupedzisira.