Innovation Infrastructure: pfungwa uye unhu

Innovative Kugadzirwa dambudziko iri kazhinji kukanganisa Misimboti kuvakwa kwezvivako - nechepasi hwaakange itsva basa zvebhizimisi, nharaunda kana kunyange nyika. Chii chakadaro urongwa wayo zvainoreva kukura hurongwa?

Pfungwa utsanzi kwezvivako

gadziriro Chero kana evanhu ukama okuwana pamusoro nguva vanofanira kuvandudza. With zvishoma nezvishoma kukura kwakadaro hurongwa yakavepo, varimi, uye kwayo kuita kuvandudza. Zviri kuburikidza kufambira mberi kwakadaro uye chirongwa pave nesayenzi uye michina zvinogona kubva muvanhu, izvo zvinopa riwedzere kuti kukura yebudiriro rose.

Zvikurukuru, kukura utsanzi kwezvivako chokuita pamwero mukuru pezvakaitwa akadai nokuumbwa itsva yokusvika basa pamwero wenyika. Naizvozvo, paumbwe pezvakaitwa Kazhinji kushandiswawo munyika yose uye dzinobva Implementation muzvirongwa vatsva munyika iyoyo.

Innovative kwezvivako chinhu chinokosha mashandiro pakati vangasimudzira matsva mabasa nyika yaivapo. Pfungwa iyi inogona kushandiswa nenzira yakasiyana, asi ayo chaizvoizvo ari sezvinotevera: dzakaunganidzwa dzakasiyana-siyana hurongwa kuti zvine chokuita mumwe, izvo vanoshumira uye inotokonya utachiona kubva utsanzi munyika.

Zvinhu utsanzi kwezvivako

In nyika wedu vanotongwa itsva mamiriro kukura vari: utsanzi rwokugadzira zvinhu nzvimbo, kutsvakurudza mumarabhoritari mikuru Africa, michina incubators, dzemabhizimisi uye zvakawanda. Izvi zvinosanganisira Masangano zvose kuti pave itsva mabasa muminda nesayenzi uye dzezvoupfumi siyana.

hurongwa kusvika

Innovation kwezvivako kukura uye kuvandudzika. Kutarisira kukura mharidzo dzakasiyana. The hurongwa kurongedza pakutsvakurudza nzira ndiyo-chinja. Iye rinoongorora paumbwe imwe nzira itsva kwezvivako uye kunoratidzwa kugovera siyana kurovedza nzvimbo uye masangano anoverengeka zvinogumbura.

1. Financial Unit - anokonzera kukura zvemari kwezvivako, kuti akwezve mari pakutsvakurudza uye kukura nzvimbo, nokuti anobudirira kuitwa pakubhadhara akasiyana rubatsiro rwemari.
2. Production uye Technology Unit - basa achiitisa kuedza uye miedzo zviri kuramba pakutsvakurudza uye zvirongwa.
3. Information chikwata - basa abatidza yokutsvakurudza uye kubudirira mabasa munhau, gadzirira wokudhinda zvabudiswa, Misangano, kubvunzurudza, kubvunzurudza.
4. Revashandi Unit - inopa vashandi kukwanisa akwezve mu nzira itsva uye ruzivo.
5. Consulting uye Advisory chikwata zvinosanganisira masangano mubasa urongwa mabasa pamusoro nyaya patenting, kudzivirirwa kubva rezvedzidzo pfuma, advertising uye Standardization, uyewo nzvimbo ichipa kubvunza mabasa.
6. Distribution chikwata - mhosva Kukwezva pakati mapurojekiti kuti makambani, nokusika yezvokutengeserana Kukwezva nokuda chigadzirwa utsanzi, tichigadzira mukoridho ane tsvakurudzo muzinda kune maindasitiri emakambani iyo akagadziridzwa Serial kugadzirwa itsva zvigadzirwa.

Pakusikwa itsva kwezvivako

Nokuti paumbwe imwe nzira itsva chigadzirwa kunoda pedyo kusakarongeka Vatsvakurudzi uye masayendisiti pamharadzano dzenzira kuti anoranga yesayenzi anoverengeka. Izvi zvinoita kuti tibvunze kuti uye preconditions nokuda pakusikwa yokupedzisira chigadzirwa, uye zvingatadzisa izvi.

Zvinhu kuti chinomisa kukura "utsanzi mukoridho" mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika, zvinosanganisira:

• kushaya vashandi vanokwanisa;
• kunonoka kuvandudzwa okuwana kugona;
• rutsigiro simba hurumende itsva matanho uye tsvakurudzo itsva;
• kushayikwa ruzivo pamusoro zvichibvira misika kuguma chigadzirwa, kusanganisira kwose.

Kuongororwa itsva kwezvivako

Sezvinogona kuoneka, anokosha chipingamupinyi kukudziri- itsva okunze vari, kupfuura zvose, pasina munhu methodological yokusvika kukurudzira pakutsvakurudza mabasa. Apo mukuru mukana chesayenzi, utsanzi kwezvivako iri kutaurwa akapoteredza zvose hurongwa dzakabatana. Nokusava zvimwe zvinhu, utsanzi munzvimbo zvinodiwa dzinotsigira kubva kuhurumende uye private makambani.

Location utsanzi nzvimbo

The Russian utsanzi kwezvivako iri kusimbiswa pedyo rinokosha mune zvesayenzi uye kugadzira nzvimbo. Izvi anonyanya Moscow uye Moscow nharaunda, pamwe aro akakura tsvakurudzo nekugona. In guru, kubudirira kuitisa mabasa avo masangano 652, 34 makurusa tsvakurudzo zvebhizimisi, kushanda pasi auspices wenyika, matatu vaitungamirira Nanotechnology centre - akakurumbira "T-Nano", Zelenograd Nanotechnology Center, Nanotechnology Centre chinoumbwa. In guru rinoshandawo kukunda Institute of yenyika remagineti - mumwe masangano yeRussia rokutanga yesayenzi. A yakawanda nesimba kuti kukura utsanzi uye anoisa hurumende muMoscow. Saka, kuonga kwake rutsigiro, akasikwa "Technopolis" - vaitungamirira maindasitiri paka aiendeswa magadzirirwo uye kukura kumusoro rwokugadzira. Pakukora ichi tsvakurudzo nharaunda dziri makambani anenge 20 kushanda muminda musayenzi kutozoedza siyana.

nzvimbo dzakadaro dziri munyika mundima Russian Federation, pedo ose makuru zvesayenzi uye dzidzo masangano nezvakanaka rabhoritari uye tsvakurudzo zvivako. Infrastructure utsanzi Links nzvimbo dzakadaro uye zvakafanana kukura zvinofarirwa, anouya kudyidzana nezvavatorwa vadiwa, kubvumira inflow kuti mari kunyika yedu.

zvabuda

Saka, kukura kwezvivako wenyika itsva matanho anoita basa iri Research Institute of nyika yedu zvikuru kukwezva nezvezvipfuwo uye dzimwe masayendisiti. Kuwanikwa wehurumende rutsigiro kunobatsira kuramba vachidzidza. The yokupedzisira chigadzirwa anogona chinozoiswa pakarepo uye muuye zvokutengeserana zvikomborero, zvirege kutakura nokukurumidza vezvokutengeserana kudzoka. Nemhaka chine matanho, itsva kwezvivako anoramba kukudziridza uye kusimudza zvesayenzi mukurumbira wenyika yedu munyika.