Ko mvuu inorema zvakadini? Pakuberekwa, munhu mukuru

Iyi mhuka huru inoratidzika seyokutanga kuve yakaoma zvikuru. Zvisinei, ani zvake aona mvuu mumvura acharamba izvi. Pasinei nekuwanda kwehehemoth inorema, mumvura inova inofadza zvikuru, inokurumidza uye yakaisvonaka. Ndeipi mhuka iyi, inogara kupi uye ndeipi tsika dzayo? Mhinduro dzemibvunzo iyi dzinogona kuwanikwa pasi apa.

Kubva

Zita remhuka rakabva kumashoko maviri echiGiriki chekare: bhiza uye rwizi. Zviri nyore kunzwisisa kuti iwe unogona kuidana rwizi rwizi. Zvisinei, mvuu haina chokuita nemahhashi. Sezvakaita neenguruve, izvo dzavanowanzofananidzwa. Zvinoshamisa kuti hama yake yepedyo i whale.

Kare kare, anenge mamiriyoni makumi matanhatu emakore apfuura, nyika yakagarwa nekurukuru navanasekuru vemhuka zemazuva ano. Pane imwe nguva chikamu chavo chakaramba chiri pamunda, dzimwe dzacho dzakanyudzwa mumvura. Zvakaitika makore anenge mamiriyoni 55 apfuura. Pasinei nechokwadi chokuti mvuu yakasarudza nyika, upenyu husina mvura hahufungidziri kwavari, uye hazvinofanira kungosiya nyota yavo.

Hippopotamus

Kazhinji, izvi zvinodyiwa ndezvomukati wemhuka dzakasungirirwa uye ndeyemhuri yembupi. Pakati pemhuka dzenyika, ndeyechipiri pakukura pashure pezere. Vanhurume vanobva pa 3.2 kusvika ku 4.2 mamita murefu. Ko mvuu inorema zvakadini nemuviri wakadaro? Inenge 1,5-3,2 matani. Madzimai maduku-murefu anowedzera kusvika mamita 2.7, paanenge achiyera kusvika ku 2.5 tani.

Mukuwedzera kune avhareji, kune rekodi revubu uremu. Iyo yakawanda, inozikamwa kumunhu, ine matani 4. Uyu mukomana ichokwadi giant. Ganda remhuka rakakura kwazvo, kusvika ku 5 masentimita. Ari kuenda kumapanga akaoma kumativi ose pamutsipa uye pachipfuva. Muviri wemuvuputi uri squat, mhundo yakakura ine yakadzika. Mazamu anobva kuchangobva kuberekwa ari mapini, asi vanhu vakuru vatova vhudzi. Pamusoro peganda rebvudzi harisipo.

Kukura mumakumbo marefu kusvika kune imwe nehafu hafu. Nokukura, mienzaniso mikuru inogona kusvika 165 masentimita. Miswe yacho ndeyekuita kwemasendimita mashanu kusvika ku55. Pasinei nemhizha inorema, inomhanyira zvakakwana - inogona kusvika kusvika kusvika 30 km / h. Zvinosuruvarisa, zviyero zvaro hazvibvumi kuita marathons, asi kureba kwemazana mashanu nemazana mazana matanhatu nemhepo iyi inenge isingakwanisi.

Muviri wehubuo hwakasiyana, hunogadzirwa kwenguva yakareba kugara mumvura. Maziso, nzeve nemhino zviri kumusoro kuti ugare pamusoro pepamusoro kunyange kana mhuka yose ichibhabhatidzwa mumvura. Izvi zvinopa hippopotamus mukana wokutsvaga zvakapoteredza, nekudzivirira kupisa kwezuva.

Masaya acho anotseuka paakona yegirigiri 150. Mumuromo wakashama, mazino anoshamisa emhuka anonyatsooneka. Iyo yakakwirira yeinini inenge yakarongeka 50 masentimita, iyo incisors inokwira ichibva mumasamu anenge 30 masentimita. Izvo zvinyorwa zvepamusoro zvinopfupika, apo maronda anopfuurira kukura mukati mehupenyu hwemhuka. Rimwe nerimwe remazino makuru aya rinorema kusvika kune matatu kilogiramu. Mazino ane simba anotsiviwa nekugara kwegore.

Zvinonakidza kuti mvuu haigoni kurarama isina mvura - ganda ravo rinomesa uye rinoputirwa nemapundu anorwadza. Ndicho chikonzero ma giants anoedza kushandisa nguva yakawanda sezvinobvira mumvura.

Vavengi

Kutaura zvazviri, tichifunga kuti mvuu inorema zvakadini, tinogona kutaura kuti haana mavanga chaiwo. Kunyange nyanzvi ine nzara haigoni kurwisa mvuu, kunyange zvazvo chikonzero cheizvi chisingazivikanwi - guru guru rinogona kurarama nevechidiki chehehemoth.

Chimiro chemukoko chinonyanyisa. Kune dzimwe nguva mhosho pavakarwisa murume - ivo vakaputsa kana kuti vakashandura chikepe pamusoro. Pasinei nezvose izvi, nhamba yemarudzi inoderera. Mumakore gumi apfuura chete, uye Africa yava 10% pasi pemhuka idzi. Parizvino, kune mapoka anenge zviuru makumi mashanu.

Pasinei nekudziviswa kwehurumende, mhuka inoramba ichidzingwa kunyange nhasi. Pane zvikonzero zviviri zveizvi. Kutanga, vaAborigines vanotenda kuti ichi chiri mhuka inokuvadza uye isingakoshi, iyo ingozi kune vanhu. Chechipiri, ane nyama inonaka uye inovaka muviri. Kunyanya zvichibva pamusana pezvikonzero zvipembeno zvinowedzera zvishoma zuva nezuva.

Habitat

Pakutanga kwekutanga kwezana remakore rapfuura, mhuka idzi dzaive dziri kwose kwose kweAfrica: kubva mumuromo weNairi kuenda kuKapa. Mazuva ano, hazviwanzoitiki kuona mvuu iri kumabvazuva kana pakati pekondinendi. Zvisinei, kunyange misangano iyi inowanzowanzoitika mumapaki emunyika achichengetedza iyi mhuka yemhuka.

Mumasikati, mhuka dzinorara mumvura. Tsvaka zvokudya, anotanga nekusviba kwerima. Vanodzokera kugomba risati rasvika. Mbira imwe neimwe ine nzira yaanoita nayo kumafuro. Kurema kwehupopu, chiyero chemashekeri matatu, kunoshandiswa kuburikidza nehutano hwehuri nemiti yemvura.

Lifespan uye kubereka

Ivhareji yemararamiro ekurarama kwemvubu makore 40-50. Panochengetwa mumakoshi, vanogona kurarama kusvika kumakore makumi matanhatu. Tanga akararama kwenguva yakareba kupfuura dzimwe hama - akagara makore 61 kuMoich Zoo. Iye zvino, America ine mutana Donna Hippo, ane makore makumi matanhatu.

Kukura kwepabonde kunoitika kune vakadzi nezera remakore mashanu. Vanokwanisa kuunza vana 55. Vanhurume vanowana hutano hwepabonde nemakore manomwe nemakore manomwe. Fattenling inopedza mwedzi 8. Kubata pamuviri kunotevera kunokwanisika chete pashure pemwedzi 18. Mhuka dzinobatanidza pasi pemvura. Ikoko kunewo maitiro embupi duku. Kurema kwekuberekwa kunongodarika 25 kusvika 45 kg. Mwana wechidiki anoberekerwa anenge masendimita masere, 50 cm yakakwirira.

Anoberekwa kuberekwa, mwana anotambaira kumusoro uye anopinza mweya. Panyika, kuberekwa kunowanikwa kazhinji, vakadzi vanozvigadzirirwa kare, vachitsika-tsika pasi paanonzi "maternity ward". Kazhinji kazhinji mwana mumwe chete anooneka muchiedza, mapatya haawanzoitiki. Ivana vanofudza mukaka wamai vake kwegore, kubva kurema kwemukoko kunokura zvakakurumidza, nokuti mukaka une mafuta akawanda. Achinyura mumvura kuti adye, vana vanovhara mhino dzavo uye vanoomesa nzeve dzavo zvakasimba kumusoro kuti varege mvura ingress.

Power supply

Mukutsvaga kwekudya, mhuka dzinogona kubviswa mumvura yemvura kwemazera kusvika pamakilomita 8. Panzvimbo yekudyara inofanira kupedza maawa mana kusvika mairi kuti uchengetedze guru guru remukoko. Imwe mvuu inogona kudya inenge 70 kg yezvirimwa nezuva. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoiti, vanogona kudya chitunha, asi izvi zvinongoitika mumamiriro ezvinhu ekushayikwa kwezvokudya.

Iyo yakawanda yezvimedu apo mhuka dzinoenda nayo kumapfuro akaenzana nehupamhi hwayo. Masheema ari kushingaira kuchengetedza ndima yavo, aparadzanisa kunyange nzvimbo dzemvura. Murume mukuru ane gungwa rakadzika, rinosvika kusvika mamita 250 murefu. Naye vanorarama kusvika kumadzimai gumi nemashanu nemakona egore rapera. Vakwegura varume vanoumba mapoka avo.

Migumisiro pane zvakatipoteredza

Kunyange zvazvo vaAorigine vasingaoni zvikomborero mumhuka idzi, vane zvakakosha pamamiriro ezvinhu emvura uye kunyange muupenyu hwevanhu vanogara munzvimbo ino. Yakave yakaratidza kuti phytoplankton, inowedzera kubereka kwezvisikwa zvezvinhu zvipenyu, iri kukurumidza kuwedzera mumumvura mumvura umo mavubu anogara. Ikozvino, mazamu akawanda ari mugungwa, uye mazamu akawanda ari munharaunda, kunyanya mhuka dzinobatana, dzakadai sehove, dzinogona kuwanikwa pano. Uyezve izvo zvisikwa zvipenyu, zvinowedzera uye zvakasiyana siyana zvokudya zvevanhu vanogara pedyo nemumwe.

Dwarf behemoth

Mukuwedzera kune mvuu inowanzogara, panewo mhuka inonzi pygmy hippopotamus. Mhuka iyi inorema makiromita 275 chete nekuwedzera kwema75-85 cm, kureba kwayo kunosvika masendimita 150. Mhuka yakadai inogona kurarama mukutapwa kusvika makore makumi mashanu, asi musango haisi yose inorarama kusvika 30. Nzvimbo yematanda kumadokero kweAfrica. Nzeve, mhino uye maziso hazvirevi zvakanyanya mumusoro sezvavanoita nehama dzakawanda. Mhemberero inowanikwa yakareba yakaenzana nemuviri. Ganda rima bhuru kana kuti tsvuku. Vasina nguva vanopedza nguva shomanana mumvura. Iyi subspecies ine vanhu vanenge zviuru zvitatu chete.