Kirov (Putilov) Plant: kare, zvinogadzirwa

The hwaro yemberi flagship ari wechipfuwo simbi indasitiri midziyo Kronstadt simbi foundry kuchinjirwa St. Petersburg pakutanga XΙX remakore panguva behest yaMambo Paul v.

Kirov (Putilov) fekitari. Nhoroondo inotungamirwa

The chigadzirwa akatanga kuumbwa muna 1801, zvavakanga vachida kuita akatanga kudzingira simbi chinoumba nezvinodiwa wehondo atirari uye nezvikepe. The chikuru pahwaro yakatarwa Kumutungamiriri ehurumende-vaiva mafekitari Scot Charlza Gaskoyna aiva pakusuma uye kukura itsva Kudzingwa michina. Kugadzirwa mapurani unyanzvi zvigadzirwa akagadzirwa kukandira simbi yakanga kushandiswa mune gumi kushanda rokutanga, akatanga kugadzirwa nemauto 'nepfuti, zvokuyeresa uye zvikero, nemwenje, mabhatani.

Muna 1812, apo chirimwa ouinjiniya dhipatimendi akasikwa, uye pakuvaka ibwe okudhindira vakatanga mukugadzira chiutsi michini, michina, muchina maturusi dzavo zvavanoda uye kukura indasitiri yeRussian Empire. Great kuvadza chirimwa kwakakonzerwa mafashamo muna 1824, achiuraya vanhu 152, vaparadzwa, nemafashamo uye vakauya yakapararawo michina uye chirimwa.

Engineer uye entrepreneur

Mumakore akatevera makore makumi mana foundry muSt Petersburg yachinja varidzi akawanda, uye kunyange hurumende hurongwa guru muna 1844 kuti nerubatsiro njanji havana kuponesa kambani kubva kusauka.

Muna 1868 chirimwa atenga ne Nikolai Ivanovich Putilov, uyo akakwanisa kutsausa pamusoro makore 12 ari yepamusoro zvikuru zvinobatsira hwakasiyana-siyana vachida. Papera Just pagore, Putilov chirimwa ikabereka zvinopfuura 80 matani yokudadira yakanyikwa masikati, unhu, mukuru British zvinhu uye nyanzvi kugadzirwa Bessemer simbi. Muna 1872, pamwe paumbwe "Society Putilov Nemabasa" uye kushanda simbi-rinopfungaira workshop kuwanda zvebhizimisi zvigadzirwa mukwanisi zambuko zvivako, ngoro locomotives.

Pakafa Nikolai Ivanovich 1880 vateveri kunze kwake kwenguva refu hope - kubatanidza Putilov fekitari Sea Channel pamwe Kronstadt, kuona chikamu zvikepe, kwete chete nokuti mabhuku acho zvibereko chirimwa nerubatsiro pakugadzira zvinhu, asi kuti zvinodiwa yose St. Petersburg. It ari Putilov nheyo Kurovedza fekitari vashandi, akatanga kukura evanhu kwezvivako yacho vachida.

At madokero Empire

By pakutanga XX remakore Putilov fekitari akava mutungamiriri undisputed pakati nezvipfuwo metallurgia uye muchina-kuvaka emakambani uye mumwe pakukura Europe. vashandi State vakapfuura 12.4 zviuru. People. On mumatanda akasikwa ari chirimwa pakutanga warships dzakaiswa pasi: kutanga, vaparadzi, uye ipapo - sevatsvaki vemapuranga uye kuvaparadzi. Pakati yakasiyana zvibereko nguva - zvikepe muparadzi "Novik", nokukurumidza-vachiridzira munda pfuti, chokutanga Anti ndege pfuti Länder ino munyika, akayangarara 100-savi Crane akatakura Batsiranai mabasa iri nhasi.

A itsva inokosha pamwero mukati yechinangwa chirongwa "Russian Krupp" akaunza Putilov fekitari namesake yaiva yakakurumbira muridzi - AI Putilov, rwuripowo Zvinoumba bhodhi muna 1910 uye paakapiwa mune boka kuti rubles vanopfuura mamiriyoni 30. (Panguva mari zvose pfuma mamiriyoni 19 Rbl.). Monthly kugadzirwa atirari yakawedzera kupfuura kashanu. Nokuti vazhinji zvinhu zvinoberekwa fekitari yave anotambura, iyo akavimbisa varidzi hombe purofiti. Zvisinei, mashoko echimurenga kufamba hwapararira nyika kwakaita pachavo zvinhu zvayo.

The Soviet kumwedzi

Putilov fekitari Petrograd usiku hwokupedzisira ari 1917 chimurenga, akanga ari mamiriro anenge zviuru 35. Workers. Yakanga vakawanda chiito wevashandi vayo kwaiva kutanga February chimurenga. Panozopera gore kambani yaiva nationalized uye zvadaro kunzi "Red Putilovets", uye muna 1934 zvakanzi zita pashure S. M. Kirova. Nokuti indasitiri rejaya Soviet zvokuvhoterwa fekitari yakagadzirwa nesimbi zvigadzirwa achifinyamisa kudanda, nemidziyo Hydroelectric simba zvinomera, nematarakita anofamba, motokari dzinoti R-1. Muna 1939, mutsetse wokutanga kwenyika kwakatangwa nokuda pagadzirwe inorema matangi.

Panguva Great Patriotic War of vashandi hwomuti akanga abviswa kuChelyabinsk. Akagara rakakombwa Leningrad chitoro anenge ari mutsetse mberi mberi kugadzirwa uye rokuzvivandudza rakaita kuti irambe yokugadzirisa matangi warrior motokari.

Pakapera hondo womufekitari redeveloped pamusoro Serial kugadzirwa emauto zvokushandisa, midziyo nokuti simba uye maindasitiri yenyukireya, nematarakita anofamba "Kirovets".

Current mamiriro

Muna 1992 nayo akasika JSC "Kirov Plant". Zvakakomba ezvinhu socio-zvoupfumi vakasundira kambani Executives kamwe zvakare refocus kugadzirwa, panguva imwe chete kusuma zvemakwikwi ruzivo. Pakati huru zvibereko chirimwa - warrior motokari ( "Onega", "Ladoga", "Combat"), mugwagwa kuvaka uye chinokosha zvokushandisa pakuvaka, mafuta uye gasi indasitiri. Tarakita "Kirovets" iri kudiwa kwete chete mudzimba kumusika asiwo achishingaira aivigirwa kunyika 14.

Kirov dzakagadzirirwa turbines nezvimwewo simba kuiswa mune zvenyukireya Ngarava dzepasi pemvura zhinji, dzinopwanya aizi, wengarava uye nezvikepe zvavatengesi.

hwemangwana

Mugore rakapa maonero nyanzvi uye vaongorori, fekitari Kirov - mumwe vatyairi pakukura zvezvipfuwo okugadzira. Pakati yepakarepo inokosha zvinangwa zvebhizimisi mamaneja kunyanya govera zvishoma nezvishoma kurega kubva zvachose anodawo makariita midziyo uye hwokugadzira upgrading wose kwezvivako, avandudze basa sangano uye kurovedza nyanzvi pakati vashandi mari, tsvaga uye kukura itsva mabhizimisi mitsetse. Kuti pakawanda (sechikamu vanhu -. More pane 30 subsidiaries netsvimbo anenge 6 zviuru vashandi) kuchaita kugara yerera mu pokuomerwa nokushaya mari. Tarirai vachivimbisa rokuvaka iri yegungwa hombe mudziyo chinouraya pamusoro chirimwa, ichipa moorings dzebato midziyo bunkering mabasa.

Tinovimba kuti pakati nepakati uye nomazvo mutemo pamusoro Board Directors vachadzoka aimbova ukuru Kirov (Putilov) fekitari.