Iyo inoverengeka "Bajazet": ndiani munyori, zviripo, kutarisa pamusoro pebhuku

Hazvisi nyore kunyora nezvenhau: kana iwe uchiratidza zvinhu zvose sezvazvakangoita, muverengi angawana izvi zvisingabatsiri, uye kana iwe ukashongedza zvinhu zvose, munyori achapomerwa kuti anokanganisa chokwadi. Pasinei nematambudziko aya, nhoroondo dzenhoroondo dzave dzichigara dzakanyatsozivikanwa.

Kune nhamba huru yevanyori veRussia vanonyanya kuita mabasa emhando iyi, asi havasi vose vanonyora mabhuku anokosha chaizvo. Valentin Pikul, neruremekedzo, ndeyekusiyana - mabasa ake anofadza chaizvo kuverenga. Iyo inoverengeka "Bayazet" yakatanga kuva yakagadzirirwa yemunyori uyu, yakanyorwa pamusoro pezviitiko zvezvakaitika kare.

Valentin Savvich Pikul

Makore anopfuura chikamu chezana remakore zana emufananidzo wekare uyu haasi mupenyu, asi mabhuku ake anoverengwa gore rega rega nezviuru zvevanhu. Senguva yeAlexandre Dumas, Valentin Pikul aigara achitsoropodzwa nekuda kwekusununguka kwake kwemashoko echokwadi. Zvisinei, kunyange vanotsoropodza zvakanyanya mubasa rake vakaona mutauro asina kunyorwa wevanyori uyu, nokuti hazvibviri kuzvibvisa kure nekuverenga mabasa ake.

Pose mubasa rake rekunyora Pikul akanyora mabasa anopfuura makumi matatu, akawanda acho - nhoroondo dzakare. Mabhuku ezvinyorwa anonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeokuti "Bayazet", "Pen and Sword", "Evil Force", "Favorite", "Ndinokudza" uye "Janissaries". Uyezve, Valentin Savvich akaronga kunyora pamusoro peRussia ballerina Anna Pavlova, Mikhail Vrubel naMambo Sophia (mukuru wehanzvadzi yaTar Peter Alekseevich), asi kufa kamwe kamwe kubva pakurwisa kwemoyo kwakadzivisa izvi.

Iyo inoverengeka naV. S. Pikul "Bayazet"

Nhamba yekutanga, yakauya kubva peni ye munyori, yaiva "Ocean patrol." Pasinei nekududzirwa, icho chiyeuchidzo chakafadzwa nevaverengi veSoviet, munyori pachake akanga asina kugutsikana nebasa iri. Basa rake guru rakatevera raiva nhoroondo yekare "Bayazet." Iri bhuku rakanyorerwa kwemakore maviri (1959-1960), asi rakabudiswa muna 1961 chete.

"Bayazet" yakanga iri nzira yekutanga uye yakabudirira yaValentin Pikul kunyora inoverengeka inobva pane zvakaitika kare. Uye kunyange zvazvo mubasa pachako kune dzimwe kukanganisa uye kukanganisa, zvakakodzera kufungidzirwa chimwe chezvakanakisisa pakati pezvakanyorwa naPikul.

Historical Background

Sezvakaitika kare munhoroondo yake, Pikul akatora nguva yakaipa uye panguva imwechete inotyisa kubva kuRussian-Turkish hondo muna 1877-1878. - icho chinonzi chigaro chavazzet. Tiri kutaura nezvekudzivirirwa kwemauto eRussia Empire neTurkey renhare Bayazet. Chivako ichi chaiva munzvimbo inokosha inokosha - pamigwagwa yeUttoman Empire neArmenia.

Kana mauto eRussia asina kuchengetedza nhare, vaTurkey vaizarura nzira yakananga kuenda kune dzimwe nyika dzorugare-vanoda Armenian, uye zvakare-vaGeorgia. Zvisinei, kunzwisisa kuti nekuparadzwa kweBayazet, vagari vemunyika idzi vachave vakawirwa nehutongi hweTurkey, varume vehondo vakashinga vakatora guta kwemwedzi unenge (mazuva makumi maviri nemaviri), vachinetseka nenyota uye nzara. Pazuva rechipiri sangano reErivan rechiuto reRussia Lieutenant-General Tergukasov rinosvika kunhare, iyo mauto ayo akasunungurwa neBayazet.

Nhamba yePikul inosanganisira vanhu vaviri vaivapo uye vakazviratidza semhare dzechokwadi mukuzvidzivirira kweguta, uyewo izvo zvakagadzirwa nemunyori.

Chimiro chevanoverengeka

Munyori akaparadzanisa basa rake muzvikamu zviviri, rimwe nerimwe razvo, zvakare, rakakamurwa kuva zvitsauko zvina.

Chikamu chekutanga chinotsanangura zviitiko zvisati zvaitika kukombwa kweBayazet. Uye mune yechipiri - zvakananga "chigaro chebhajazet" uye kuguma kwema heroes mushure mekukomba.

Vanhu vanonyanya kutaurwa

Nhengo huru mubasa iri lieutenant Andrei Karabanov, ndeyekuuya kwake munhare iyo inoverengeka "Bayazet" inotanga. Iye murume weusina ushingi uye ane simba, izvo zvakanyatsobatanidzwa nechisimba zvakanyanya uye kushivirira. Anonzwa manzwiro emabasa uye vanokudzwa, asi nekuda kwekuti zvizhinji zvinopiwa kune lieutenant nyore, haasi kunyatsokoshesa zvakawanda.

Kana Karabanov ari unhu hwakagadzirwa naPikul, saka anodikamwa wake, kana iyo inogona kunzi Aglaya Khvoshchinskaya, muzvokwadi yaivepo. Zita rake chete ndiro Alexandra Efremovna Kovalevskaya. Sezvakanyorwa mubhuku, iye akanga ari mudzimai wemutungamiri akadzingwa weguta. Mukadzi uyu akashinga akapona uku kukombwa, achigovana nevakuvadzwa zvinhu zvitsva kubva mumatokari ake. Mushure mekusunungurwa kweBayazet, Kovalevskaya yakava isina simba zvokuti masoja akamutakura kunze kweguta.

Aglaya ishamwari yakaoma. Kune rumwe rutivi, iye mukadzi anoshamisa anoshamisa, uyo haanonoke kuzvipira nekuda kwevamwe. Kune rumwe rutivi, ndiye munhu anonyanya kufarira asingawanzogoni kuva nemoyo wake.

Kuwedzera kuna Karabanov uye Colonel Khvoshchinsky (mudzimai waAglaya, uyo akafira heroes panguva yekukomba), mumwe munhu mukuda nemukadzi ane ushingi ndiye muongorori wehurumende Baron von Klugenau. Kusiyana nereutenant ane ushingi, haasi iye akachenjera kwazvo, uye moyo waKhvoshchinskaya hauna kunyunguduka pakuonekwa kwake. Zvisinei, mubhuku rose anozviratidza semunhu akakodzera uye ane ushingi. Haasi kungotsvaga mutungamiri Bayazet, uyo aida kupa chivako kune vaTurkey, asiwo anopa chikamu chake chemvura kumudzimai wake anodikanwa, achizviisa pachake kuti afe nenyota.

Colonel Khvoshchinsky (chaizvoizvo, ainzi Kovalevsky) - mumwe wemifananidzo yakanakisisa mubhuku. Haasi muchengeti wechiratidzo chete, uyo mauto anodikanwa, sababa vake, asiwo murume akachenjera. Kuva murwi akatendeseka uye asingazivi nzira yekufambisa nyasha nevatungamiri vake, anodzingwa kubva panzvimbo yake mukuda kwechinyorwa-kuona uye chinyorwa chaColonel Adam Patsevich.

Zvisingagamuchirwi pasi pemurairo weguta, uyu gamba pakarepo akakodzera kuvenga nekuzvidza kwevanomiririra. Izvi ndezvekukanganisa kwake kuti Bayazet yakanga isina mvura yakakwana yemvura, uye mauto akawanda akakodzera akafa. Mukuwedzera, ndiye ndiye aiva nekutanga kupa guta kune veTurks. Kunze kwekushingaira kwevashoma vake, vasina kuteerera mutemo wezvakaipa, guta rakamira. Zvinonakidza kuti Patsevich akanyatsotendeseka mukushamwaridzana kwake: iye achaona kukombwa kweBayazet pachikumbaridzo chekufa kusanzwisisana kwakashata kwakamudzivisa kuita basa rakanaka rezvematongerwo enyika. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti chimiro ichi chaiva nemuenzaniso chaiwo ane zita rakafanana, rechokwadi muhutano hwereveremhenari.

Uyewo mune inoverengeka kune vamwe vanyori chaizvoizvo vari kutora chikamu mukudzivirira kweguta: Ismail Khan weNakhichevan, Efrem Shtokvits, Vasily Odes-de-Zion, nezvimwewo.

The plot

Iyo inoverengeka "Bayazet" inotanga nekuuya kwaLieutenant Karabanov munhare. Murume asina hanya uye akashinga akanaka anokurumidza kugara pano uye anoita shamwari neshamwari. Kuziva pamwe nemudzimai wemukuru weKhvoshchinsky nhare yakashamisika kwaari, nokuti zvinoitika kuti muteteti aiva nehukama nemukadzi uyu asati asvika mudzimai weColonel. Pasinei nokuti Andrei anonzwisisa kuti haaiti zvakakosha zvikuru, anoedza kutamba pane manzwiro aAglaya apfuura.

Panguva iyi, Khvoshchinsky akabviswa pahofisi, akaisa munzvimbo yake careerist Patsevich. Pane imwe simba, mutungamiriri mutsva anoshandura kudzivirirwa kweBayazet, yakagadziridzwa kuburikidza nehutungamiri hwake, zvichiwedzera kuwedzera mamiriro ezvinhu emusasa. Uye mushure mekusakundikana kwemauto ehondo yakarongedzwa naPatsevich, nhare yakadzikidzwa.

Chokutanga pane zvose, vaTurkey vanofukidza mvura, uye kubvira ipapo pane zvisingabatsiri mvura uye zvokudya muguta, nzara inotanga mumusasa. Mukuwedzera, pasina kukwanisa kushambidza, vadziviriri veBayazet vanotambudzwa neshiri uye zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvinotapukira.

Panguva yekuputika kweguta racho nemauto emutungamiriri weTurkey Faik-Pasha Adam Patsevich anorayira kuisa maoko ake. Zvisinei, Andrei Karabanov, Aglaya Khvoshchinskaya nevamwe vazhinji vanodzivirira muguta havamuteereri. Apo Patsevich anokwira rusvingo rusvingo kuti ataure mauto eUtoman Empire kuti ape rusvingo, Baron von Klugenau anomutsvaira kumashure. Asi nekuda kwekuti panguva imwecheteyo mutauro weTurkey unopinda muColonel, mhosva yechokwadi yekufa komukuru mukuru haazivi kune vazhinji.

Pasinei nenhamo yevadziviriri veBayazet, uto reRussia rakasarudza kumire kusvika kumugumo. Pakarepo denga pacharo rinotumira rubatsiro kwavari - kunaya, uye vanhu vane nyota vanowana mvura yakakwana. Uye nokukurumidza, Mukuru Turgukasov anouya kune akakombwa neuto uye anosunungura guta racho.

Mushure mokukunda, magamba eBayazet anogamuchira mubairo uye anoparadzira munzvimbo dzakawanda dzekutengesa kweRussia Empire. Andrei Karabanov kakawanda anowana mukana wekuita basa rakakura, asi nekuda kwekuda kwake unhu nekudhakwa anofa mu duel pamaoko omutya anotya Wittgenstein. Freethink Staff Captain Yuri Nekrasov anowira pasi musungwa pamabasa ake ekuchinja. Shamwari dzinoedza kumununura, asi nekuda kwaNekrasov kushaya hupenzi kusingagoni kuzviita.

Fedor von Klugenau anopa mari yakawanda yemhuri kune vemhuri yakafa shamwari Major Potresov. Mushure mokunge akashanda kwemakore mazhinji senjiniya muSt. Petersburg. Asangana naAglaya zvakare, anobatanidza mugumo wake naye.

Zvinetso zveyanoveli

Mubasa "Bayazet" munyori wepanhau haisi kurondedzera kushinga uye kubatsirana kwevakuru veRussia mukutarisana nerufu, asiwo kunomutsa zvinetso zvakawanda pane zvinetso.

Chokutanga, bhuku racho rinotaura zvakajeka kukanganisa kweuto reRussia, iro rinotambudza kusvikira nhasi. Iko kuvepo kwevasina kudzidza vane vatungamiri vehurumende mumashure epamusoro-soro, nekuda kwekusakwanisa kwemauto anonyanya kuurawa kazhinji.

Uyewo mu "Bayazet" yakatsoropodza uori, hwakanga huripo panguva iyoyo: kurwisa mauto pasi pomoto wevavengi, vasingakwanisi kuwana mibairo yavo nekuda kwekunonoka kwehurumende zvakasiyana-siyana. Kuburikidza nekuedza kwemunhu asina hanya Karabanov, uyo anoziva nzira yokupa fufuro, mauto anowana mari yavo yeropa yakawana.

Iyo inoverengeka "Bayazet" inoratidza hurukuro yekudhakwa pakati pemapurisa zvisingaiti. Ndiyo tsika yekudhakwa mumarara inotungamirira kurufu rwemunhu mukuru. Shure kwezvose, zviito zvose zveupenzi zvakatungamirira kukurumidza kwake uye kupfuvura kushaya hupenzi, Lieutenant Karabanov akazvipira mune doro rekudhakwa. Uyu mufambiro wegamba anewo rutivi rwechipiri rwemishonga - kunwa, akadzikisa kusachena kwemweya, kutambudzika kwehana uye kusakwanisa kuwana kushanda kwekwanisiro dzake dzisinganzwisisiki. Asi mumamiriro ezvinhu aya kune chikamu chekutadza uye hutungamiri hwegamba: kuvhara maziso ake kune antics akadaro, ivo vakaisa mukati make manzwiro ekubvumira, izvo zvakamutengesa zvikuru.

Kana iri nyaya yerudo, mubhuku iri pane zvinosuruvarisa, kunyange zvichinyatsoitika. Pasinei nokuvapo kwevatendi vanoverengeka vanomuda uye vachimukoshesa, Aglaya anopa mwoyo wake kuKarabanova, zvichiratidza kuti inowanzogamuchirwa kuti vakadzi vanofarira kutyora.

Muchiitiko ichi, zvose Pikul munharaunda yake zvinoratidza kuti, pasinei nematambudziko akawanda uye kusabvumirana, mukutarisana nematambudziko akafanana mashare ose anorega kukakavadzana uye, akabatana, anozvidza muvengi. Mukutarisana kwekukwanisa kufa, vadziviriri veBayazet vanoratidza maitiro echigamba chaiwo uye vanokudzwa, izvo, zvakaratidzika, hazvina kukwanisa pane imwe nguva. Zvakanakira kuti kunyange mushure mekuparadzwa kwemukuru-mutengesi pakati pemasoja nevatungamiriri, hutsinye uye kusateerera mutemo hazvibvi, asi zvakasiyana, vanobatana uye vanoramba vachiita senhengo imwe chete yehondo.

Iyo inoverengeka "Bayazet": mhinduro kubva kuvaverengi

Muna 1961, apo Bayazet yakatanga kuparidzirwa, kubudirira kwayo kwaive kwakakonzerwa nekushaikwa kwekukwikwidza kwakanyanya mumabhuku eWestern ayo aisamboshandurwa muU.SR.

Zvisinei, nhasi, nokuda kweIndaneti, vaverengi vane mukana wekuverenga chero basa chero ripi neripi pasi pano, kuparidzirwa kweruzivo kunopupurira kukwirira kwayo kwepamusoro.

Vakawanda veavo vanoverenga "Bayazet" muzviuru zviviri, vorumbidzei nokuda kwetsanangudzo yakaisvonaka yehushingi uye ushamwari hwevadziviriri vesimba. Bhuku racho rinokwezvawo rutivi rwayo, asi panguva imwe chete, kusabatwa kwepathos kunowanikwa mumabasa ezvakaitika kare.

Pakati pezvikanganiso zvebhuku, vaverengi vanoratidza kudarika kwekuwedzera kweyano nevanopikisa, izvo dzimwe nguva zvakaoma kukuyeuka. Vamwe mukudzokorora kwavo vanozvidza kusanzwisisika kwechimiro chebasa racho, uyewo vanotaura nezvemaonero akaoma akasiyiwa mushure mekuverenga nekuda kwekutsanangurwa kwechokwadi kwevakafa vakawanda. Vamwe, pane zvinopesana, funga izvi kunaka kwebhuku racho, nokuti rinoita kuti rive basa rinofadza remabasa.

Nyaya yekuvharidzira yeruzivo

Kutenda nekududzirwa kwebhuku muna 2003, kwaive kwakabva pane eponymous terevhizheni yezvikamu gumi nezviviri. Mariri, Andrei Karabanov akabatwa naAlexei Serebryakov, mudiwa wake (mumufananidzo zita rake harisi Aglaya, asi Olga) - Olga Budina, nemakwai kubva Klugenau - Ignaty Arakatchkov.

Muna 2017 ichave makore 140 kubvira apo "chigaro cheBayazet" chakaitika. Zvakanaka kuti chiitiko ichi chinokosha hachina kukanganwa nezvizvarwa, izvo zvakasimbiswa nebhuku raValentin Pikul ra "Bayazet". Ndiani akanyora inovhesi muna 1961, zvichida haana kumbofungidzira kuti basa rake raizoramba richiita shanduro dzevakuru veRussia. Ndinoda kutenda kuti vanokudzwa uye ushingi hwemauto, zvinorondedzerwa mubhuku, zvichiri dzidziso dzevanhu vazhinji nhasi.