How kusiyanisa accusative zvakaitika genitive; zvose pamusoro matambudziko nyaya mumutauro weRussia

girama Russian ndiko kusimba huru uye panguva imwe chete riri zvakaoma. Zvisinei, kana vose vanofanira kunzwisisa nyaya dambudziko kwamuri, pakupedzisira zvose achawira munzvimbo.

Munyaya ino tichataura pamusoro sei kusiyanisa accusative zvakaitika genitive, uye zvinetso kunyange zvishoma declension pakati emazita uye zvisazitasingwi. Isu ichatanga dzinokosha pfungwa uye mitemo.

Kukosha nyaya mumutauro weRussia

Nokuti kutaurirana mashoko zvirevo zvose dzakasiyana kutaura kunogona kutora zvakafanira chimiro: verbs vanochinjwa kubvira nguva nenguva, nhamba, vanhu uye rubatso, uye emazita, sezviverengo, adjectives, zvisazitasingwi uye PARTICIPLE - ne nhamba uye nyaya. Saka ivo vaite zvavo syntactic basa iri vaitaura, asi nokuda ichi zvakafanira kuvanyengetedza nomazvo.

In mutauro wokuRussia mune nyaya 6 chete, mumwe nomumwe wavo ane dzaitsigira nhau pachavo uye magumo. Zvisinei, pakusarudza yokupedzisira ndekwokuda Zvakakodzera kufunga kuti declination pamusoro emazita. Plus zvose chokuita nemashoko chikamu ichi kutaura, adjectives, PARTICIPLE uye sezviverengo kuvimba nayo. Saka, kudzidza kuchinja pamusoro nyaya dzose morphological muzvikamu izvi, unofanira kutanga kudzidza muchikwata ichi zvakadzama.

declension

By kuramba kuchiitwa emazita sezvo zvikamu pakutaura zviri chechikadzi (munhurume, munhukadzi, pakati), declination (1st, 2nd, 3rd, uye indeclinable heteroclite). Uyewo, munhu anofanira kusiyanisa zvinhu zvipenyu nezvisiri zvipenyu emazita, zvakajairika emazita uye zvakakodzera. Uye kubva muchikwata wechipiri zvinoenderana nokuchinja pamusoro nyaya, asi kuwedzera zvakakodzera pakupedzisira.

Unofanira kuziva kuti chokutanga declension emazita zvaisanganisira vanhurume rinoguma "s" uye "fung" Somuenzaniso, muraraungu, gava, murume. In rechipiri - iri rume ane razero nemagumo (mu-mutemo, shasha, yogati), uye mashoko ose ari neuter (hwindo, gomo tivate), uye wechitatu - chete mashoko rechikadzi vachipedzisira "s" (mai, usiku, yokuSpain ). Zvisinei, kuchinja pasi zviitiko emazita kuderera kunokosha chete risiri sezvo muzvizhinji mashoko ose chikamu chino kutaura zvakafanana magumo ( "s / s, s / fung") Somuenzaniso, makava, yogati, mai, pamahombekombe, Mbambo.

Basa Muzviitiko

Imwe neimwe nyaya nhanhatu mumutauro Russian ine yayo chinangwa pokushandisa acho. Saka, shandisa vaite mashoko avo syntactic basa, pova ukama mune mitsara.

Uyewo pane nyaya unogona kuona chikamu mutongo inorondedzera pazita ichi: kana ari nominative - zviri pasi, kana prepositional uye anopindura mubvunzo "? Kupi", Panguva genitive ( "? Apo") Kana ari accusative ( " apo ") -? ezvinhu ichi, mune zvimwe zviitiko - a chinamatidzwa.

Kana adjectives uye PARTICIPLE, ivo, zvisinei nyaya, ndiko kuziva sei uye ordinal nhamba. Asi quantitative - nguva dzose ezvinhu kukosha matanho uye zvakadini uye kupindura mubvunzo "sei?".

Hazvigoni kuchinjwa pamusoro nyaya

Pfungwa kunofanira indeclinable uye heteroclite emazita. Kune rokutanga aya ndiwo mazwi, zvikurukuru akakweretwa kubva mumitauro yokumwe. Somuenzaniso, imwe playing, mumwe popsicle, mufflers, nehari, kofi uye vamwe. Chimiro yavo kuzochinja, kureva, vanogona kutsauka kuti nyaya nekuti nekuguma kwavo achagara zvakafanana. Maererano dambudziko iri, sei kusiyanisa accusative zvakaitika genitive nokuguma kana yevashoma kuti kunyora, muchikwata ichi haushandi mashoko, asi nokuti vari nyore kushandisa mundima.

I. N:. Mukombe chii? - zvinonaka kofi

R. peji:. Hapana chii? - zvinonaka kofi

D. nezvimwewo. Kuwedzera chii? - kuti zvinonaka kofi

V. N:. Vanoda kuti? - zvinonaka kofi

T. N:. Rinofembedza akaita chii? - zvinonaka kofi

P. N:. Kufunga chinhu? - mukombe inonaka kofi

Change pamusoro nyaya kunze nemitemo declination

Zvisinei, zvinhu zvakaoma ndiko heteroclite, pane chete 11 (10 munzira + "-mya": mbeu, dzakapa vana vadzo mazamu, mutoro, korona, iyo stirrup, dzinza, nguva, zita, nemheni, mureza). Vakati changed pamusoro nyaya vanotora kuguma akasiyana declensions. Mukuwedzera, chete pazita iri accusative kana nominative munhevedzano mashoko ari "-mya" hakurevi Kuwedzerwa suffix "naEne" iri declension risiri. Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvinonzi inodiwa.

Zvisinei, ichi ndicho chikonzero nei mubvunzo sei kusiyanisa accusative zvakaitika genitive asingadi chokuita heteroclite emazita, sezvo chimiro pavo. n., uye ndizvo zvakafanana. n. muzvizhinji genitive suffixes akawedzera kwavari "-on" ( "mazita amarudzi") uye "YANG" ( "stirrups mbeu"). Zvichitaurwa Uchairangarira nemaziso: pamusoro vakakoshesa Photo "Tafura Muzviitiko heteroclite emazita".

The huru chinetso

Kudzidza kubata dambudziko sei kusiyanisa accusative zvakaitika genitive, zvinokosha kudzidza mibvunzo mashoko uye kuona morphological zviri emazita. Izvi zvichabatsira kuti kushandisa yakaderera oumhizha nokutsiva mashoko zvakaoma avo kuti zvakasiyana pachena maviri shoko siyana, kureva. E. Chero muenzaniso 1st declension.

Saka, kana ukaona rugwaro zvipenyu pazita muzvizhinji, pachinzvimbo zvinofanira kushandisa pfungwa zvisina upenyu, yakafanana. Somuenzaniso, "Ndinoona munhu - vanhu" ( "Ndinoona kuti - mabhuku" - nokuti haisi nyaya, hazvisi, uye N, uye ipapo sarudza ari ndima ....) "Hapana - vanhu" ( "pane chinhu - mabhuku" - p n) ...

Kana dambudziko iri zvipenyu pazita riri rume 2nd declination, emamwe pachinzvimbo "mai" uye zvadaro kumubvunza mibvunzo accusative uye genitive pamwe ebetsero namashoko. Somuenzaniso, ndinoona mumwe? - dhongi (ona munhu - amai vangu - .. At p), hakuna? - mbongoro (hapana - amai - p N ..). A yakafanana Wandinyengedzerei zvaizoshandiswa kusiyanisa accusative uye genitive nyaya zvisazitasingwi (pachako uye kudzoka), uye kuderera possessive kunofanira kutungamirirwa nomudzimu kuyeuka emazita.