Hondo yekuzvidzivirira yakadzika "Sprut-SD" 2S25: maitiro nemifananidzo

Muma1980, nyika dzeNATO dzakatanga kushingaira kuvaka zvombo zvavo. Ichi chaiva chikonzero cheCentral Scientific Research Institute kuumba pfungwa itsva yekuvandudzwa kwezvombo zvehondo zvemauto emauto eUSSR. Kuti tive nechimbo chinobudirira chinogona kurwisa matanho eNATO, muma 1990, kubatana kwakabatanidzwa Volgograd Tractor Plant yakagadzira gadziriro yekuzvidzivirira-tank kanomwe 2S25 ye "self-propelled-SD" kunyanya yeHurumende dzeAsia.

Nevanyori vekugadzirwa

"Sprut-SD" 2S25 iRussia inofambisa mweya inoputika tank gun. Muumbi mukuru, anobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwechasisi, aiva A. V. Shabalin. Bhu 125-mm 2A75 kune "Sprut-SD" 2S25 yakagadzirwa ne VI Nasedkin. Kushanda pakusikwa kweRussian anti-tank weaponi kwakaitwa paCent Research Research of Precision Engineering.

Kutanga kwezvisikwa

Muna 1982, zvichibva pamotokari yeGMP-2, mufananidzo SAU 2S25 "Sprut-SD" yakagadzirirwa, yakagadzirirwa kuwirirana kwe 125 mm. Ichi chaiva chisimbiso chokuti kushandisa zviguniti uye magungano emotokari yemamphibious zvinogona kuitika kuti igadzire nhumbi itsva, inobudirira zvikuru. Vatungamiri veCentral Research Institute Tochmash vakasarudza kuti kugadzirisa lighter chasisi zvinokwanisika kushandisa tangi twenje "Object 934", iyo yakanga yakagadzirirwa ine mhepo ine mirefu 100 mm rifled gun nekutengesa automaton yakagadzirirwa 19 kumativi ose.

Rimwe rematangi aya rakava chikonzero chekuumba chimiro chepfuti ye 125-mm. Iko yakagadziridzwa "Tambo yeSprut-SD" yaive yakagadzirwa nemapfupa ane 125mm. Muchiitiko ichi, chikwata chechigadzirwa chekare chakashandiswa. Mukuwedzera, varimi vakaita sarudzo dzekusunurwa kwezvombo.

Kuedzwa

Muna 1984, nokuti kuve nokupfura kwevakaona pane nzvimbo yekuedza kuKubinka kwaitakurwa "Sprut-SD" 2S25. Migumisiro yekuongororwa kwekutsvaga kwekutonga kwehurumende yakaratidza kuti kunyatsopisa moto hakusi pasi peti tangi, uye mutoro unoshanda kune vashandi uye pfuti pachayo haipfuuri miganhu inobvumirwa. Musi waOctober 20, 1985, Military Industrial Commission yakasarudza kutanga maitiro e 125-millimeter canon ye Sprut-SD 2C25.

Nezvipingamupinyi zvakasangana nevasimudzi pavanenge vachigadzira nzira yekuenda?

Zvinoreva P260, kuve nechokwadi chekuuya kwechikwata chekuzvidzivirira, panguva yekuedzwa kwakaratidza kukanganisa kwakasiyana-siyana:

• Kuita kwavo kwakange kwakadhura;
• Kushandiswa kweP260 kwaive kwakaoma.

Somugumisiro, kushanda pa parachute-jet zvinoreva kumiswa, uye nzvimbo P260 yakanga ichibatwa nehurongwa hwokusununguka kwemafomu, yakagamuchira zita rinonzi P260 M.

Chii chinonzi "Sprut-SD" 2S25? Tsanangudzo yekuvaka

Hondo yekuzvidzivirira yakagadzirwa nemapurisa ndeyehondo yakagadziriswa inokambaira, ichishandisa senhumbi dzayo ine simba rine simba uye missile system.

ACS ine zvikamu zvitatu - housings:

• Pamberi pane chimwe chinhu chinopa simba reSprut-SD 2C25 machine. Mufananidzo uri pasi apa unomiririra zvinhu zvechimiro chemuti wezvokudzivirira. Chivako ichi chakagadzirirwa vanhu vatatu: mutungamiri wemupfuri anopfurikidza, mupfuri uye mutyairi-makaniki. Muimba yemotokari yehondo kune vashandi ikoko vanovakwa-mumagadziro ekucherechedza masikati nemasikati.

• Mumutambo wepakati pane shongwe yekuiswa. Iyi unit is war. Izvo zvaonekwa, zvinotarisirwa kune mukuru muvasikirwo, isangano yakabatana: kuwanda kwebasa rayo kunoenderera kune mapepa maviri nekuda kwekuenzanirana ne laser kuona. I-125-mm projectile inotungamirirwa ne-laser beam.
• Chikamu chemashure chinoonekwa sechinzvimbo chemotokari yemotokari.

Kugadziriswa kwebasa rekuita mutungamiriri

Kumabasa evashandi vakuru, vanogadzira zvombo zvekugadzira zvinopa hupo hwezvinhu zvakadaro:

• Zuva guru moniscular periscope kuona 1A40-M1, iyo ine simba rekusimudzira maonero;
• Night optic-electronic complex TO1-KO1R;
• Laser rangefinder, iyo iyo mutungamiriri anotarisa kure nechinangwa uye inobereka chinyorwa chekugadziriswa panguva yekufambisa kune chinangwa chinofamba;
• Nzira yekushandisa, iyo inotungamirirwa nayo missile inotungamirirwa uye inotangwa;
• A ballistic backup and detection device used by the gunner;
• Rimwe jeri rinonyanya kuita sarudzo yekuzvidzivirira kwezvokugadzirisa paunenge uchitya;
• Zvinotyisa zvinopa hurumende yekukurukurirana pakati pemutungamiriri nemupfuri.

Ndeapi mabasa emukuru wevarwi?

Uyu mukuru muboka, achishandisa usiku uye masikati anoona maonero, anotarisa nzvimbo yacho. Mutungamiri wezvikepe zvekuzvidzivirira izvi, akazvimiririra nemupfuri, anogona kuita chinangwa chekupfura zvose kubva pamushonga wemashini uye cannon. Izvi zvinogona kugoverwa nekombiyuta yekudzivirira moto system: kana dhiyabhorosi yekutanga iripo, kombiyuta yeBatisticistic inotarisa marangariro uye tarisiro nerubatsiro rwemotokari. Pamusana pebasa iri, mutungamiriri haafaniri kuita zvekudzorerazve uchishandisa rangefinders uye kuona maziso. Mutungamiri anogona kukwanisa kuuraya nekusununguka.

Nhumbi yakasikwa yakarongeka sei?

Anti-tank self-propelled artillery installation - kune iri kirasi yepfuti yaisanganisira motokari yehondo "Sprut-SD" 2S25. Chinangwa uye huwandu hwemabasa ake zvaive zvishoma kusvika kurwisana nematangi ezvivengi. Pamberi pacho, basa iri rakaitwa nematangi akaita se PT-76B uye "Chinangwa 934". Vakatsiviwa nekuuya kwe 2S25 "Sprut-SD". Mhepo inopisa moto, kusiyana nemamwe matangi emoto, ine moto unopisa. Kugadziriswa uye kukanganisa kweAACS itsva kunofananidzwa nemamiriro ekufananidzira kwezvombo zvekurwa zvemashamba emwenje. "Sprut-SD" ishanduro yemazuva ano uye yakawedzerwa ye PT-76B.

Mamiriro ezvinhu akadini anoshandiswa?

"Sprut-SD" mumamiriro ezvinhu pasina refueling kukunda mharaunda kwete pasi pemakilomita 500. Kutakura kweAAC kunotungamirirwa nekutakura zvombo zvemauto. Uyewo nekuda kwechinangwa ichi ngarava dzinogona kushandiswa. Kuderedza kuiswa kwevashandisi vayo vanopa maitiro uye kumisa parachute. Panguva imwecheteyo, vashandi vemotokari yehondo vari mumba mavo. Kuva nesimba guru, "Sprut-SD" yakakodzera kukonzera kurwisana kwemabasa ose munzvimbo yakakwirira-yepamusoro uye mune kupisa kunotyisa kwemamiriro okunze.

I SAU inokwanisa kukurira zvombo zvemavengi zvakasimba, zvigaro zvaro zvine simba uye zvakasimba. Kukundwa kwezvipingamupinyi zvemvura zvinogona kuitika kunze kwekuti kufara hakuiti kudarika mapfumbamwe. Kushanda pamagetsi ekugadziriswa kwemvura kunogona kunge kuri kudhura kwemvura - jet injini dzakasungirirwa pa chaisisi . Kubwinya kwekugadziriswa kunowanikwa nenzira yemvura yakagadzirwa nemadziro emasendimita makumi matatu nemasere ekushanda magirasi uye vatsigiri vanotsigira. Izvo zvakagadziriswa zvehurumende yekudzivirira yega yakavhara makamuri emhepo. Apo mvura inopinda mudzimba, kuputa kunowanikwa uchishandisa masimba emvura ane simba. Sezvo uchifema, "Sprut-SD" inogona kupisa moto.

Mushure mekuzadzikisa kurwisana kwaro, ACS inogadziriswa kuita zvisizvo zvakasununguka kubva kumvura kusvika mumugwagwa.

Mahombekombe eOlymobile uye shangu seasphalt anoshandiswa kunyanya kushanda munzvimbo yechando. "Sprut-SD" yakakodzera nzvimbo yakagamuchirwa nehutachiona, chemikemikari uye yehupenyu. Kuchengeteka kwevashandi kunodzivirira kuzvombo zvekuparadza kukuru.

Mushonga wemagetsi unogona kuvharwa nenzira dzeutsi hwese. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, varimi vakagadzira mabheji (2 zvidimbu) pamashizha eAft emuSouth Tower, umo mune mabheji matanhatu 902B grenade anoshandisa 81 mm grenade utsi grenades.

Ndechipi chinangwa chikwata chehondo chakasikwa?

Pakutanga, SAU yakagadzirirwa kurwisa matanho, motokari dzakasiyana-siyana uye varwi. 2S25 "Sprut-SD" - kurwisa motokari yemoto inotsigirwa - yakangotarisirwa chete nemasimba emhepo. Basa rekuzvidzivirira kwezvombo zvekuzvidzivirira ndiro raive kurwisa zvombo zvehondo zvakasara kumushure wevavengi. Nokufamba kwenguva, yakava chikamu cheMarine Corps uye masimba anokosha. Chiitiko nekushandiswa kweSt 2S25 kwakaratidza kuti, kuburikidza nekubatana nemotokari ye BMD-4 yakagadzirirwa pfuti yemamita 100-mm uye inozvigadzira Cornet ATGM, Sprut-SD inogona kubudirira zvikuru kwete kumashure kwemuvengi, asi zvakare mukurwisana kwakajeka kwehondo Kufambisa masimba edzimba eVarwi veRussia.

Mukati kubva muna 2001 kusvika muna 2006, mushure mokuedzwa kwakawedzerwa, veRussia Federation mauto akawana "Sprut-SD" 2S25 imoto yakagadzirirwa munzvimbo yavo.

Zvinhu Zvikuru

Kuremera kwemotokari yehondo kunosvika gumi nematanhatu. Vashandi vacho vane vanhu vatatu. Simba rinochengeterwa 500 km. Mutambo wemotokari inosanganisira mabheji manomwe emubhaibhizedhi, mabheji matanhatu asina rubberized, motokari uye gumbo, mashizha maviri-caterpillar tracks anoshandisa rubber-metal hinges, uye asphalt shoes. Kureba kwekutsvaga kwekutonga system nepfuti ndi 9.77 mamita.

Imotokari yakagadzirirwa ine injini ine-six-cylinder ine-srose inopikisa injini yedieleri ine kukura kwepamusoro uye yakananga yefurairi, iyo inopisa mvura inogadziriswa. 2-06-2С-chiratidzo chejini chinowanikwa mu "Sprut-SD" 2S25. Unyanzvi hwekugadzira injini inobvumira hurumende yekugadzirisa chirongwa ichi kukura nekukurumidza kubva kune 45 (muvhareji) kusvika ku70 km / h.

Izvo zvinongoronga kutonga system yakagadzirirwa zvombo zvekudzivirira. Chikamu chakatarisana chinokwanisa kumira zvakananga hitsana nema 23 mm shells kubva kure nehafu yekilometer. Mukugadzirwa kwekugadzira zvombo zvemotokari yekurwisana, aluminium alloys yakashandiswa (nokuda kwemuviri wekudzivirira kwekutonga system uye shongwe dzaro). Chikamu chakatarisana chakaitwa shandisa steel linings. Nokuti kukwira motokari kunowanikwa mabhidhiyo e-R-173 uye intercoms P-174.

Kubhururuka kwemotokari yemotokari kunoitwa kubva kune IL-76 (mhando M uye MD), AN-124. Kushandiswa kwekumiswa kwekunze kweMI-26 helicopter kunobvumirawo kubudirira kwekuenda kwechikwata che "Self-propelled unit" 2S25.

Hondo yeuto reRussia yakagadzirwa nepfuti inoputika, yakagadzirirwa nekanyoro inogadziriswa-canon 2A75 uye pfuti yepKT yakasangana nayo. Hondo yakakosha yepfuti huru 2A75 yakagadzirirwa 40 shots. Mechanized laying iri 22 nhovo. Zvimwe - 18. Zvinyorwa zvemuchina wepfuti: 7.62 mm. Rimwe bhanhire rebhoti rine bhandi rinosvika zviuru zviviri.

Ndeapi mabhoksi anoshandiswa?

Zvombo zvemotokari yemoto zvine mahombekombe, izvo zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kupfura marudzi mana:

• Kukwirira kuputika kuparadzaniswa (20 kumativi).
• Simba rinobaya (zvimedu 14). Nokupinza zvombo zvekuzvidzivirira uye sub-caliber projectiles kubva pamakiromita maviri emakiromita, zvinokwanisika kupfura simbi yakafanana yesimbi, iyo yakareba iyo isingapfuuri 23 cm.
• Cumulative projectiles (nhindi 6). Gadzira humwe hutano hwakagadzirwa nehuni hwemaminitsi makumi matatu.
• Akashongedzerwa ne-anti-tank akatungamirirwa nemisungo. Bvarura nhumbi dzokurwa, iyo yakareba iyo inopfuura 35 cm.

Basic equipment installation

Kushandisa 2A46 tank gun uye kugadziriswa kwayo, 2S25 vakagadzira vakagadzira 125mm yakanyatsogadzirwa-yakabata gun 2A75. Kuti zvideredze kupikiswa kwezvikwereti munguva yekupfura, zvakarongwa kuva nehuputi yakakosha pakusungirirwa. Asi semugumisiro wemabasa aya pane matambudziko nekudzoka kwepfuti, iyo yakagadziriswa nekuwedzera kureba kwekudzorera kusvika masendimita 74. Uyezve, kumira kwe hydropneumatic ye chaisisi yakagadziridzwa, iyo nzira iyo yakagadzirisa zvigadziriswa kubva pakuderera.

Iko 2A75 kannoni yakagadzirwa nekutengesa zvigadziri, izvo zvinoita kuti pave nemafungiro akanaka pamwero wemoto wepfuti: muminiti imwe chete, 7 shots inogona kubviswa. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• A conveyor mechanism inokwana makumi maviri nemasereteti;
• Chain mechanism inomisa makaseti;
• Chain senders;
• Mechanism, iyo inobvisa kubva muhondo yeheti yezvigaro zvepfuti.

Mhedziso

Kupisa moto kwemotokari yehondo "Sprut-SD" haisi pasi pematangi akadaro seT-80 neT-90. Kufambisa kwepamusoro pamunda uye pamvura kwakabvumira SAU 2S25 kusvika pamwero wemotokari ye BMD-3. Pamusana pekugadzirisa zvinhu - kukwanisa kweturuti muhurumende yekudzivirira yega yega kuita sarodhe yekutenderera uye kugadzirisa zvombo mu ndege mbiri - "Sprut-SD" inogona kushandiswa zvakanaka se teni inotonhora yakasviba, iyo nhasi isina kusika chero yakafanana.

Iko-self-propelled artillery unit, yakagadzirwa nevaRussian designers, yakakonzera kufarira pakati pevamiririri vehondo yeKorea neIndia.