Machine-pfuti tepi: mifananidzo, chinangwa, uchiraira

Rate zvombo mune imwe nguva kunobva zvombo. Tepi cartridges zvitengeswa hurongwa runoita kuvandudza mwero anoshanda zvidiki, vachibvumira kuti urambe moto rukuru kwenguva refu. gadziriro iyi ainyanya kushandiswa kurwisa simba zvigwagwagwa, girinedhi launchers uye zvakawanda kashoma kuti otomatiki pfuti. Nokudaro tepi cartridges mumugwagwa, raiwedzera kwayo zita - muchina-pfuti mabhandi.

tepi zvitengeswa cartridges System

Kunze zvazvisingarambiki zvakwakanakira tepi zvitengeswa cartridges, uye ino ine payakaipira, kureva kuti pamwero kuderera kwezvirongwa maneuverability yakafanira dzichiwedzera zvakawanda uye kukura chombo. Saka, kuona inonyatsobudirira kushanda kunoita tepi inosimbisa: machine- pfuti, rinorema inifanduri, tangi, Anti ndege uye ndege zvigwagwagwa, otomatiki girinedhi launcher, duku-caliber pfuti. Modern chiedza zvigwagwagwa, nyika ino ikashandiswa pamwe muchitoro.

The chikuru zvemamiriro ezvinhu ndiwo: tepi katuriji (pfuti) - bhandi ne muhomwe kuti cartridges, uye mashandiro ayo pakunamata vari dosylka mutsetse randinogara nemotokari nomazviri kutamira uye misha. Musimboti tepi ino iri automatic anozunungusa monica tepi cartridges panguva imwe vachiridzira nomazviri kutamira rimwe danho, iro akaenzana spacing pakati pedyo cartridges. The maduku ari misha danho, ari shomanana hwesimba inodiwa zvokudya zvombo mabhandi. Izvi zvinowedzera rakavimbika kukurukura mashandiro, anobvumira tepi zvikuru tsindirana, achidzikisa "akafa" uremu uye anovandudza kunopindirana maneuverability zvombo. Panguva iyoyo zvinoita kunoderedza mukana wokushandiswa pamusoro tepi, izvo zvingaita kukura katuriji bhokisi.

Kugadzwa muchina-pfuti tepi

Machine-pfuti tepi anoshandira uchingoti payo cartridges imwe spacing nepedyo. Feed bhandi nokuti anozunungusa Chuck mukamuri rinoitwa mashandiro, izvo actuated kubudikidza simba pamusoro zvinofamba zvikamu zvombo, rinotevera katuriji anokwanisa zvachose kunorondedzerwa (danho) inotevera Danho zvokudya.

Cartridge Ribbon ane zvishoma "akafa" uremu kupfuura zvombo chitoro, i.e. mukanyiwa ane chinhu tepi muzvitoro zvishoma chinhu kurema hwakavakirwa kuti akaenzana uwandu cartridges. Pari pamwe kuwedzera kukura zvinodiwa moto zvakanyanya uye nguva, uyewo kuwedzera maneuverability zvombo, tepi dzichifura hurongwa vari kuwedzera kushandiswa guru-caliber, rinorema muchina uye chiedza zvigwagwagwa. Nokuda kuvapo wandei zvaaikanganisa, pakusika zvimwe kuzvuzvungudza munguva oparesheni, nguva dzose anoita pamusoro kuvandudzika kuti pfuti mabhandi kuti zvinoda kugadzirwa kunzwisisa.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Mumwe wokutanga tepi romugove ezvinhu kuti unitary katuriji kushandiswa pfuti ine Chinyorwa nemotokari Bailey (Bailey). ino ndiyo suwo wakasimba uye kutenderera dhiramu chikwata akanga patented muna 1876. Machine-pfuti tepi yaishandiswa Bailey maitiro raimiririra kanivhasi ubvise vasonanidza pamwe L-zvakaumbwa nesimbi gons. Yokuisira ane chubhu-mhando cartridges kuisa kuti gon. Mushure vakapfura ruoko unorambira firimu.

Uye akaramba ane experimental hurongwa asina kushandiswa Bailey nevakawanda. Wokutanga muenzaniso gobvu zvechokwadi aiva Bamba pfuti hurongwa. Tepi iyi chombo akanga nyore kugadzira uye chinhu elongated shanduro bandolier bhandi. Two kanivhasi Pfekenura vasonanidza mumwe kuumba kuburikidza, zvakaenzana nenamo muhomwe kuti cartridges.

mhando

In tsika, pane mhando mbiri mikuru pfuti mabhandi: kuchinja uye aoma. Aimbova, akavapindurawo, akakamurwa munyoro, Semi-aoma uye zvabatanidzwa. Machine-pfuti tepi anogona kuitwa kanivhasi kana donje, remvura simbi, epurasitiki. The rinofarirwa kupfuura mashoko ano tepi katuriji ndiyo simbi, nokuti kashoma kukanganiswa ratinoona ezvinhu.

Sezvo nzira zvokubatanidza zvikamu marudzi maviri simbi rinoparadza: ne patsanurika Links uye yakatarwa urefu. The mahwanda tepi nomumwe Links kubatanidza pachavo cartridges pamwe dzayo. Panguva kupfura, kana ejection kuti unobva dzisimbe, vakapararira dzakabatana. matepi kwakadaro hakungogumiri pakureba, duku danho uye nyore kubata, dzakadai wakatetepa ezvinhu IFVs uye APCs.

Mumunda yakamisirwa urefu bhandi hurongwa anoshandiswa. Ndivo chete-chidimbu zviumbu ikashandiswa nemumwe, kubvisa kuparadzana panguva kushandiswa, achivabvumira kuzodzosera kushandisa michina. Izvi tepi reusable. Machine-pfuti tepi 7,62 mm wakaiswa urefu rinoshandiswa machine- zvigwagwagwa Goryunova uye yunifomu zvigwagwagwa Kalashnikov. Inogona nemabhandi yakadaro kubvira 50 kusvika 250 cartridges.

Tough zvombo bhandi - pamwe simbi ubvise ndokutsika yokushandisa vake zvombo. Nemitsipa tepi haana kumbosiyana chero ropafadzo kunze nokuda nyore mudziyo. Kukwanisa kwavo yakaderera chaizvo. Rinoshandiswa rinorema zvigwagwagwa, akadai "Gochkiss" hurongwa.

Zvinodiwa muchina-pfuti mabhandi

Kana otomatiki chombo pfuti mabhandi pasi jerks uye yakawanda kuita. Saka, mumwe mukuru zvinodiwa kuti tepi chiri simba. Akafanirwa kune guru panhongonya mukushanda zvombo uye ayo zvokufambisa.

Kana kushandisa michina nechikoro kuti mugamuchiri katuriji anofanira kuva ari zvachose akasarudzwa chinzvimbo. Izvi kubvisa avakaita uye, sezvo zvakaita kuti kunonoka ari kupfura. Kugadzirira katuriji ari tepi vanofanira akavimbika mune imwe nzvimbo uye harungaputswi kana vachidzungudza apo kupfura kana KUTAKURA. Nokudaro simba kunodiwa kuti buritsa kubva katuriji kubva chihuri harifaniri wakanyanyisa kukura kwomuzvarirwo otomatiki zvombo.

The mudziyo Links

Chero muchina-pfuti tepi nguva dzose ane mudziyo kuti akakiya katuriji uye swatanudza nayo. The simbi kutara bhendi uye katuriji kunangiswa rinoitwa chete yksityiskohta pamwero panguva. Neizvi pazvirugu kubatana, umo ruoko abuts kuzorwa pasi kana miganhu (miswe) sandara kuwira mukati dzikapupurira yacho ruoko. Kutara zvinogonawo akapa pfungwa stingray liner womukati penyika murwere chechetere. The kanivhasi tepi cartridges kunangiswa Kwaiitirwa kushandisa imwe neimwe wegumi simbi partition ndiro, izvo zvinoita refu uye kuwedzera mhiri kanivhasi zviuno. Kugadzirira uye kunangiswa kunokwanisika tichiregeredza kanivhasi mipendero iri Dultsev ruoko.

Dzinozivikanwa zvigwagwagwa Hondo Yenyika II

Mukutanga ramakumi remakore, pfuti kuonekwa sechinhu chinokosha mhando chombo ane rakamanikana chakarondedzera yetsiva mishoni. Pakazosvika pakati remakore, kwakadai chombo yainzi chezvinhu zvinokosha zvokurarama hondo panguva pedyo unosvikirwa siyana. Revision kukosha zvombo izvi kwakaitika muna Second World War, panguva iyi, vamwe pfuti vava kunozivikanwa ivhu uye prototypes kuti zviitiko zveramangwana. The pfuti dzakakurumbira Hondo Yenyika II, apo vaishandisa tepi cartridges wedzerai mamiriro dziri pasi apa:

• General-chinangwa pfuti MG 42. German pfuti MG 42 7.92 mm Mauser (pfupi pamusoro Maschinengewehr, iro anoshandura se "zvokuimba pfuti"), kwave vagamuchirwa neDare Wehrmacht muna 1942. Maererano zvombo zvikuru nyanzvi vaiona yakanakisisa pfuti nguva yake. Mbiri nekuda nyore, nyore, mukurumari, akavimbika uye kupfuura zvose isingaenzaniswi mwero moto.
• Kunozivikanwa 7,62 mm pfuti "Bamba" mharidzo 1941 aine mutsipa mukuriswe kutonhora bhachi. Mumunda, kunyange chando waishandiswa kuchitonhora Upfu.
• 7.62-mm pfuti gadziriro Goryunova SG-43. It akakudziridza ndokugamuchirwa muna 1943 sechinhu wokutsiva "Bamba" uye muchina-pfuti Degtyarev DS-39.

Rokukwidza muchina-pfuti tepi

Gear bhandi anogona kuitwa manually, kunyange pane chaiwo Specification ichi. Asi kana yakawanda zvombo, muchina unokosha kuchaja muchina-pfuti mabhandi. A Mudziyo nokuti vachizvitakudza zvombo mabhandi Rakova chivako. muchina uyu, rakagadzirirwa cartridges ose 7,62 neMM, chinosanganisira anoverengeka kuurongwa: yacho Hopper, chinjwa uriri, tepi retainer nomukwanisi pamwe kiramba, feeder, kubata pamwe crank, ukomba, okusungisa, rokukwidza tsvimbo, kumisa tepi. The Hopper izere cartridges kuti vanoda kuyambuka payo. Vhurai pabutiro tepi akaiswa pasi Links. The katuriji yokutanga akaiswa mugomba chikwata manually, tepi katuriji inochengeterwa pamusoro vachizvitakudza netsvimbo. Pakupomera mubato iri zvayaitenderera paguyo zvakaenzana ari Kutenderera mirayiridzo, uye kudiwa kuwedzera zvombo kuti BUNKER uye nechokwadi kuti bhanhire haina vakamonyanisa kana ihwohwo.

Kana rokukwidza Chinyorwa tepi anoiswa pamusoro muchanza ruoko rwake rworuboshwe kuti muromo pachahwo netsvimbo thumbs yake. Rworudyi uye akaisa cartridges vari basa vezvikwata kuti vakaomerwa protrusion vanobatanidzwa annular paburi iri katuriji. Zvinonzi zvaisambobvumirwa kushongedzera ari Ribbon kuburikidza rimwe kubatana, izvo zvingaita kuti breakage pakati Links, uyewo kushandiswa wakaremara cartridges.

katuriji bhokisi

Nokuti nyore uye yokufambisa vakagadzirira nokuda bhandi huchikanganiswa chinokosha mabhokisi pasi muchina-pfuti mabhandi:

• Cylindrical (pfuti RAPs) umo tepi rwakapetwa rwuchipeterwa. Kana tepi achimhanya, panguva kupfura, kutenderera yose rwakapetwa zviri vakapedza simba zvombo.
• Rectangular (pfuti PC / PCM, CPV, NSV "koralliriutta"). The tepi anoiswa munzvimbo mitsara mabhokisi. The chikafu mashandiro runoita chete yokumusoro musara mubhokisi uye akarembera chikamu bhandi.

mabhokisi katuriji Rectangular vakapiwa mukuru chikumbiro iri ano mimwe otomatiki zvombo. saizi kwavo kunobva mhando uye uwandu ari tepi cartridges. mabhokisi Cartridge nokuti pfuti kuti kushandisa cartridges zvakafanana mhando (akadai PC, SGM, PKT - 7,62 mm pfuti) vari kuchinjaniswa. Volume neezvitendero zvombo mabhokisi - 100, 200 kana 250 cartridges, nokuti tangi pfuti zvinopa yakakwirira chinzvimbo bhokisi.