Full Cavaliers St. George - mazita. Mbeu Mihaylovich Budenny, Ivan Vladimirovich Tyulenev Rodion Malinovsky

George Ribbon, izvo rechi19 - kwezana remakore rechi20 yakanga ngadzirambe muchinjikwa mufananidzo musande, kwemakumi akawanda emakore, chinofananidzira mukukunda nyika yedu muHondo Yenyika II. Iye ndiye kubatana pakati magamba wokuRussia Empire uye Soviet Union.

Full Cavaliers St. George munyika yedu ainakidzwa yezvisikwa aikoshesa kunyange maviri uye forties, apo ndangariro vanhu vake kuti vadzime zvose zvaiva pamberi October Revolution. Pakati pavo pane vaya vakazoroorwa akava Hero of Soviet Union, kusanganisira kakawanda.

prehistory

Order St. George akazviratidza pachikwata yeRussian Empire Awards muna 1769. Akanga 4 inosiyana musiyano uye yakanyorerwa vatariri. Yokuisira of Order kutaurirana. George vakava vanhu 4 chete:

• MI Kutuzov;
• MB Barclay of Tolly;
• KANA Paskevich-Erivan;
• II Dibich-Zabalkansky.

inisitichusheni

Panguva iyi haisi kuzivikanwa chaizvo ndiye akatanga kugadzwa Kushongedzwa kana sezvazvakanyorwa zvakawanda unowanzonzi, kuti St George Cross. Maererano kupukunyuka magwaro, muna 1807 muzita Alexander I dzinoti yave pasi, iyo proposes kugadzwa murwi mubayiro. Chaiva kuva "bazi chinokosha Order of St. George." Pfungwa akabvumirwa, uye mukuvamba February 1807 ari runoenzanirana Manifesto rakabudiswa.

Kune zvakawanda kacho wakavhiringidzika, pamwe ndechokuti murayiro kuvhiringidzwa musoja "Egor". Somuenzaniso, kana kuri akataura kuti kudzidza kadheti chikoro muna 1881 Colonel Zorya Lev Ivanovich - Full George Knight, unogona pakarepo kuti kuramba kuti ichi chinhu chikanganiso. Zvechokwadi, pakati navatariri, hakuna munhu akanga paakavapa ichi apiwa muchinjikwa, uye yokupedzisira, akanga arayirwa 4 madhigirii - II Dibich-Zabaykalsky - akafa muna 1831.

tsananguro

The mubayiro ndiwo muchinjikwa, riri kuwedzerwa pakazopera chipande. At payo chinhu kumativi medallion. The obverse ichifananidzwa aakaudzwa. George nepfumo rake, achirova nyoka. Pamusoro neizvi zviri medallion pane tsamba C uye D chokuita ari muchimiro monogram.

Muchinjikwa yaipfekwa vose nhasi anozivikanwa firimu "utsi uye murazvo mavara" (dema uye Orange).

Kubvira 1856, award yava kuva 4 dhigirii. Wokutanga uye chechipiri zvakagadzirwa nendarama, uye vamwe vaviri - yakagadzirwa nesirivha. On the neizvi anoratidza zvakadini kuti mubayiro uye nhamba yacho Serial.

Paivawo chinokosha "Muslim" yacho zvemaoresa. Ndivo Russian nguo maoko hwairatidzwa pachinzvimbo musande wechiKristu. Zvinofadza kuti vanhu kubva North Caucasus pamwe award "Egor" akabvunza kuvapa kusarudza "ne jigit", pane rimwe.

Muna 1915, nemhaka matambudziko anokonzerwa nehondo, chinoyambuka 1st uye 2nd madhigirii vakatanga ichibudisa chiwanikwa kuti 60% zvaisanganisira goridhe, 39,5 - sirivha nehafu chikamu pfungwa - kubva mhangura. Panguva iyoyowo chinoratidza 3rd uye 4th madhigirii havana pasi kuchinja.

paakavapa

Wokutanga George Cross mu muzhizha 1807 aiva mutariri asiri basa pamusoro EI Mitrokhin. Akanga paakavapa nokuda ushingi hwake muhondo pamwe French pa Friedland.

Kune nyaya rinogutsa uye vanhuwo zvavo. Saka, muna 1810, ari George Cross paakavapa yavaFiristia MA Gerasimov. Pamwe chete mamwe masoja ake, murume uyu akashinga akasungwa Russian mushambadzi chikepe akabatwa mauto British, uye akakwanisa kuunza muchikepe pachiteshi Varde. Pane mujeri vasungwa, uye vatengesi vakanga vaibatsira. Uyezve, nokuti heroism muhondo 1812. George Cross pasina rezinesi ndiro takagamuchira vatungamiri mapoka vanhuwo zvavo dzekirasi ezasi remagandanga.

Zvimwewo zvinonakidza zvine chokuita award of George Cross, tinogona kuona nayo vakashumira yakakurumbira General Miloradovich. Musoja uyu vakashinga muhondo pakati Leipzig pamberi Alexander I apinda basa nemauto wakavatungamirira bhayoneti mutariri, nokuti yaakanga apiwa pamaoko Kesari "Egor", izvo haana kuvimba chinzvimbo chake.

yokuisira

Chetyrehstepenny muchinjikwa rwakatora makore 57. Mumakore zvizere George Knight (Donongodzo) angosimuka vanenge 2000 vanhu. Uyezve, chinoyambuka dhigirii wechipiri, wechitatu uye chechina chakanga paakavapa anenge 7000, 3rd uye 4th - vanenge 25 000, uye 4th dhigirii - 205.336.

Panguva iyo October Revolution kuRussia, akararama anoverengeka zana azere Knights St. George. Vazhinji vavo akabatana Red Army uye akamuka kuti soro panhengo USSR. 7 vakavawo Heroes Soviet Union. Pakati pavo:

• Ageev GI (Postmortem);
• SM Budyonny ;
• Trump M.E.
• Lazarenko IS.
• Meschryakov MM.
• Kunoshayisa Madz.
• Tyulenev IV

SM Budyonny

Zita iri kunozivikanwa unhu akatinhira zvikamu Russian vamabhiza mumakore World War First, uye asati - Russian-Japanese. Nokuti ushingi ari yeAustria, German uye Caucasian fronts Semyon Mikhailovich akanga paakavapa pamuchinjikwa uye Medals of 4 inegumi.

mubayiro wake wokutanga yakagamuchirwa nokuti kubatwa zviri mudungwe wemabhazi wokuGermany uye 8 masoja ake. Zvisinei Budennogo kunyimwa yake yokuti akarova mupurisa. Izvi hazvina kumutadzisa zvose zvakafanana kuti ndandanda "Full Cavaliers St. George," sezvo ari Turkish mberi Urume Budenny vaiwana 3 George Cross muhondo kuti motokari uye Mendelidzh uye vokupedzisira (vokutanga dhigirii) - nokuti kubatwa nomuvengi varwi 7. Saka, akava munhu, akapiwa 5 mibayiro.

Panguva Civil War, iye akatanga kugadzwa First vamabhiza Army, uye muna 1935 iye nevamwe vehondo mana USSR paakavapa musoro Marshal.

Panguva Second World War Urume Budenny vasina mukana wokuratidza mano avo, sezvo akanga akabvisa murayiro yeSouth-kumadokero pamberi teregiramu, iro rinorondedzerwa pachena ngozi pangozi avo vaiva inonzi Kiev bhegi racho.

Pashure pehondo, mutungamiriri aiva katatu Hero of Soviet Union.

Kuzma Petrovich Trubnikov

Uyu mufananidzo kunozivikanwa kwave muhondo matatu. Nokuti mabasa akaita munguva kubvira 1914 kusvika 1917, akunda mibayiro yakawanda. Kunyanya, ndandanda "Full Cavaliers St. George" rine zita rake. No zvishoma heroically, akazvisiyanisa panguva Second World War, kuronga kudzivirira Tula, nokudzinga mauto munguva Hondo Stalingrad mu murayiro yaakaronzeswa zvikamu kusunungurwa Yelnya uye zvichingodaro. On Parade Trubnikov Victory, uyo panguva iyoyo akanga atorwa paakavapa pachinzvimbo chevatatu konoro, akatungamirira urwisane chinoumbwa hondo yacho 2nd Byelorussian mberi. Panguva yake refu basa 38 mutungamiri akanga paakavapa mirairo uye Medals pamusoro Czarist Russia, Soviet Union nedzimwe nyika.

Ivan Vladimirovich Tyulenev

Future Hero of Soviet Union akaberekwa mumhuri nhengo hondo wokuRussia-wokuTurkey. Iye akanzi kuhondo pakutanga World First War uye akasvika chehondo, kwaakashanda uye KK panguva Rokossovsky. Zvaakanga atanga hondo somurwi nyore, Ivan Vladimirovich Tyulenev akasimudzira kuti mureza. Nokuti heroism mukurwa pamusoro munharaunda kwePoland, ndiyo nguva zvina paakavapa ari George Cross. Mumazuva WWII Tyulenev mangwanani akagadzwa mutungamiri Southern Front, asi akakuvadzwa zvakakomba muna August, uye pashure muchipatara, akatumirwa kuna Urals kuti paumbwe 20 nemapoka. Muna 1942, mukuru akatumira kuCaucasus. At chikumbiro chake kwokudzivirira Main Range rave akasimbiswa ramangwana zvichibvira kumisa kufambira mberi nevaNazi, iro rine chinangwa mukutora minda mafuta kweGungwa reCaspian nharaunda.

Muna 1978, kuti mupiro wayo kuchengetedzwa kwenyika uye kuvandudza kudzivirira kugona munyika IV Tuleneva akanga paakavapa musoro Hero of Soviet Union uye akanga ari mumwe nemasoja hunoshamisa vanomwe paakavapa chepamusorosoro mubayiro Soviet Union, pamwe musoro "Full George Knight the World War First."

RJ Malinowski

The ramangwana Marshal of USSR aine makore 11, akatiza pamba pamusana raamai muchato uye zvakaora kusvikira uine kuhondo, mabasa pachake makore maviri. The unyengeri wawanikwa, asi achiri kuyaruka akakwanisa kuvanyengetedza kuti kusiya murayiro muuye zvombo Gunners. Muna 1915, musoja-makore 17 akanga ake okutanga "Egor". Akabva akatumwa France sezvo chikamu Expeditionary Force, apo akanga kaviri paakavapa nehurumende Third Republic. Muna 1919 Rodion Yakovlevich Malinovsky wechi MUTORWA Legion, uye nokuda ushingi ake pamusoro German pamberi akava knight rechiFrench Military Cross. Uyezve, murayiro General D. Shcherbachev Kolchak akanga paakavapa mumuchinjikwa St. George ukuru rechitatu.

Muna 1919 Rodion Yakovlevich Malinovsky kumusha kwake uye akava kushingaira ubatanidzwe Civil War, uye mukupera 30 akatumirwa mupi wemazano rechiuto kuSpain.

Uye kunokosha mupiro mukuru muHondo Yenyika II. Kunyanya, mauto pasi ake murayiro akasunungura Odessa, akaita basa rinokosha mune Hondo Stalingrad, vaNazi akadzingwa Budapest uye Vienna akatora.

Pashure pehondo Europe Malinovsky akatumwa Far East, apo zviito Trans-Baikal Front akavatungamirira pakupedzisira vakakunda Japanese boka. Nokuti kubudirira kuvhiyiwa ichi, Rodion akanga paakavapa musoro Hero of Soviet Union. A nyeredzi goridhe wechipiri paakavapa kwaari muna 1958.

Other vatungamiriri vemauto Soviet chiratidzo noumhare George Cross

Musoja "Egor" asati chimurenga vakanga paakavapa uye vamwe varwi Imperial Army, iyo mugumo kwaifanira kuva vemauto yakakurumbira Soviet Union. Pakati pavo vari paakavapa michinjikwa maviri Georgiya Zhukova, Sidor Kovpak uye Konstantin Rokossovsky. Uyezve, vatatu mibayiro yakadaro makaziva gamba of Civil War V. Chapaev.

Zvino kuti munoziva nezvokuzadziswa nhoroondo dzeupenyu vamwe aitungamirira mauto, izvo zvinogona semhosva yakakura "azere Knight St. George." Nyora kubudirira kwavo parinouya, uye ivo akakodzera kuremekedza uye kuonga vana, avo vane hanya njodzi yacho.