Form rwokuzvarwa kusarudzwa

Mukuita rwokuzvarwa kusarudzwa muna vemo varambe uye kuwedzera ivavo vari zvakanakisisa wakanyatsokodzera vapone kupfuura akaderedzwa. Izwi akaita imwe nguva zvakafanana Charles Darwin. Iye akatanga iye kuenzanisa chakagadzirwa kusarudzwa , uye kuratidza kuti, pfungwa, zvose nguva zvichiitika chete. Musiyano chete ari ani chaizvo chinodiwa kana kwete zvimwe zvivako - dzinogarisana kana vanhu.

Form rwokuzvarwa kusarudzwa dzinoiswa pachishandiswa zhinji zvinodiwa. Kwakapararira typology zvinganaka I. I. Shmalgauzenom. Nokududza Mhando dzinongoitika selection, yakanga yakavakirwa avanoita kukanganisa volatility kana kutsiga unhu iri vemo. nhamba yavo mubvunzo yasara isina kupindurwa. Asi zvikuru muna chaivo sayenzi zvichiri anotevera mhando nhatu rwokuzvarwa kusarudzwa: Rokuparadzwa (anonetsa), mutungamiriri (kutyaira) uye pakudzikamisa. The genotypes vane mhando dzakawanda dzakasiyana-siyana, nani muitiro kunoitika.

Mugumisiro simba kusarudzwa inofambidzana tichisunga kutsauka kubva ndozvakajairwa zviratidzo. Wakatanga rakarondedzerwa Wallace uye Darwin. Kana ichi kusarudzwa nani kunopiwa kune avo vane zviratidzo, zvakasimba trending mune rimwe divi kana mumwe.

Zvinonzi kwakaratidzwa kana rakawedzerwa nzvimbo kana zvakatipoteredza kuchinja. Ipapo zvipenyu kuchinja mune imwe nhungamiro, kuti ajairane ezvinhu matsva. Somuenzaniso, kana ari pano mhuka vanomanikidzwa kuenda kurarama pasi muvhu, avo nemakumbo zvishoma nezvishoma kuchinja mamiriro ezvinhu matsva uye kuva burrowing.

The pakudzikamisa chimiro rwokuzvarwa kusarudzwa rinonyatsotarira richengetedzwe vanhu vakaratidza imwe chepfungwa neavhareji nedhigirii uye panguva imwe chete kutsauka avo kuti ndiye kure vasingambooni chakaipa nazvo. Somuenzaniso, kazhinji kurarama mu shiri nemapapiro mureza kukura uye kunyanya chikuru kana chiduku.

Action anonetsa vakasarudzwa pakatarisana pokudzora yapfuura maviri. It kunoitika apo mamiriro ezvinhu vari yakanaka nokuda pakuzadzisa chiratidzo kwayo zvakanyanyisa chimiro, asi kwete pakati. Somugumisiro kwokutanga chimiro sevasingazivi oga, uye kunyange vashoma vatsva. Saka, anonetsa kusarudzwa chingava chikonzero zvachose itsva, kwete zviripo pamberi.

Zvakasikwa, kazhinji mamiriro ezvinhu apo mumwe chete nevanhu anogara munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Saizvozvowo, nhengo dzayo dziri dzakashandisa dzavo dzakasiyana zvipenyu niches.

Muenzaniso mumwe artificially kuitwa anonetsa vakasarudzwa anozivikanwa kuti kuedza zvose nomuchero nenhunzi. Pashure iyo boka richitora mazamu, kuti vave akasarudzwa chete vanhu vane kana kufadza kana shoma nhamba bristles, mapoka maviri hwendarira kubvira ramakumi matatu chizvarwa, zvakasiyana chaizvo mumwe, kunyange zvazvo vakaramba hybridize pamwe.

Kunze nhatu huru siyana chakaonekwa zvipenyu, pabonde vakasarudzwa. simba rake kunokosha. Pashure pezvose, munhu wose anofanira kwete chete kuchinja vararame, asiwo sezvinoita shamwari kupfuurira mhuri dzavo.

Pane hypotheses maviri kutsanangura mashandiro chiito pabonde vakasarudzwa.

Maererano wokutanga hadzi anosarudza hono kare, nokuti vakakwanisa kurarama kusvikira vakura, pasinei yakajeka chitarisiko. Izvi zvinoreva kuti ane majini akanaka uye zvakaitika kwavari kune runotevera.

Pfungwa yechipiri anotsanangura kusarudza vaviri vaviri vakasiyana. Maererano naye, yakajeka naye vakadzi vanosarudza ive anokwezva ruvara, tichifunga kuti rudzi runotevera kunge zvakafanana kwavari, uye vakasarudza bereka.

Kuwedzera mitatu iri pamusoro apa, pane munhu uye boka siyana rwokuzvarwa vakasarudzwa. The zvinangwa kutanga kuponesa vamwe vane zviratidzo kuti kuvatendera vapone uye tiripo mukati vanhu vadzo. A boka anosimbisa quality, wakawanirwa vose mhando.

All huripo mhando rwokuzvarwa kusarudzwa hazvisi randomly, nemasanga kamwe, asi zvishoma, sezvo kubvira chizvarwa nechizvarwa, yevagari anoramba zvimwe.