Foreign zvokutengeserana uye zvokutengeserana gwara: kuitika zviri kusimudzira dzakawanda dzaishandiswa mune mabasa

International zvokutengeserana uye kutengeserana gwara iri yemabasa nemauto ari kuramba kukosha uye richikura chidimbu kubva wokumwe mamiriro ezveupfumi. Mumakore gumi apfuura, vhoriyamu kwayo vakapfuura pachiyero zvinopfuura 4 tiririyoni. madhora. The pose turnover pamusoro mugove mabasa ndiyo 20%, apo 1/3 of nzvimbo zvekutepfenyura. Uyezve, kukura kutengeserana mabasa pa 25% mberi kukura wenyika dzaishandiswa mune pfuma. MuRussia, kutengeserana mu mabasa turnover muna 2010 vakapfuura kukosha 2.5 bhiriyoni. Dollars.

International zvokutengeserana uye kutengeserana Mutemo basa zvekutepfenyura kunoburitsa features, kunyanya avo nenzvimbo kuparadzira. About 70% kubva kunze kwenyika zvose mabasa anodiwa kuti USA, Germany, Great Britain, Japan, France, uye vamwe. Nyika idzi specialized kunyanya kupa minamato muzvinhu rezvemari, kukurukurirana, tourism, tsika uye dzidzo. Dzichiri kusimukira kana dzidzira pakupa mamwe mabasa, akadai ushanyi (Jamaica), dzaifanoiswa (Panama), nezvimwewo, Kana chiito pamisika pamusoro yakatsvuka zvinhu exporters, vagotengeseranamo mabasa hakurevi pfuura 10% zvachose kunze kwenyika (Iran, Angola).

In Belarus, Somuenzaniso, dzimwe zvokutengeserana uye zvokutengeserana gwara asi vari asymmetrical, uko vanopfuura 70% kubva kunze kwenyika uye 40% kuti kupinzwa vanoumba zvifambiso mabasa. Uyezve, maererano vatorwa wezvokutengeserana anoteverwa kuvakwa mabasa, kukurukurirana mabasa. Tourist mabasa anogona kuva aizobudirira ekisipoti chinhu nokuda nyika, asi panguva mugove wavo asingaiti pfuura 3% muna kunze kwenyika.

Foreign zvokutengeserana uye kutengeserana gwara iri kupanana mabasa inopa dzinoverengeka mapatani uye kuitika.

Chokutanga, ramba kuvandudza chimiro mabasa: kune mhando itsva; vanoshingaira kumira kunze sezvo chinhu wezvokutengeserana mabasa, kare kumbopfeka webetsero hunhu; hwava misika makuru Integrated makambani vachigovera nevatengi "pasuru" mabasa.

Chechipiri, kukura kutengeserana mabasa kuri kukonzerwa nokuchinja zvemichina. Izvi zvinoreva zvinotevera kuitika - achisimbisa basa mashoko michina. Kuchinja mumunda mashoko michina, mazvake wezvokutengeserana mu mabasa, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvizhinji kutungamirira zvinotevera nezvemaitiro - kuwedzera internationalization kuti mubhizimisi basa. Uye zviri pachena, kunyanya mu mabasa TNCs ari pose kumusika. Foreign zvokutengeserana uye kutengeserana nomutemo wemadzimambo US Somuenzaniso, kwakavakirwa pagadzirwe mabasa kunyanya kunze.

Chimwe chikuru kuitika wezvokutengeserana pabasa kukura ndiko kuderera kwemitambo zvipingamupinyi panyaya dzakawanda wezvokutengeserana uye inivhesitimendi.

Saka, muzana remakore XXI, vavatorwa zvokutengeserana uye kutengeserana Mutemo basa zvekutepfenyura akaramba kuva dynamically uye kuridza kuwedzera basa rinokosha. It zvakananga anosarudza dzavatorwa mufananidzo nyika uye mamiriro ayo dzimwe Exchange chinzvimbo. kutsamira zvinoonekwa zvinotevera:

Kubudirira wokumwe kutengeserana kunokonzera mamiriro ezvinhu munyika zvoupfumi.

Pakati Gengi uye bhuku dzimwe wezvokutengeserana pane zvakanaka ukama, asi Gengi - handiyo chete chinhu kukanganisa dzimwe kutengeserana.

With mari cheapening kunze kwenyika kuwedzera kunoitika.

Currency kwakaderera imhaka kuwedzera kufarira rates, uye ichi ndicho nezvakwakaipira chaizvo kuti mashandiro youpfumi: zvikwereti kuva anodhura.

dzakawanda nhengo tengeserana kuziva mudanga Gengi, izvo kuchinja ndihungu uye oneka.

In pamusika upfumi yacho Gengi inoratidza chaiyo macroeconomic zviratidzo munyika, uye kuchinja ayo anogona chete kukurudzira dzimwe zvokutengeserana, kwete akatendeuka kubva kwake mutsindo chinokonzera kuti kukura.

Trade kukura kunobva mamiriro ezvinhu mukati emakambani: high quality, pasi mutengo uye nomazvo rokutengesa nokuwedzera makwikwi mishonga yenyika uye zvinowedzera kukura wezvokutengeserana.