Ficus elastic. Ficus iri rubbery. Kutarisira uye kukura kumba

Pakupedzisira, vaigona kuonekwa munenge misha yese. Mukushandura nguva ivo vaidanwa kuti chiratidzo chephilistinism ndokutanga kuvabvisa. Iye zvino vava kudzokera mukurumbira wavo akakodzera. Tiri kutaura pamusoro pezvirimwa zvinonzi elastic ficuses, zvishoma zvichitsvaga, zvisinganyanyi kukosha, asi nguva dzose zvinoshamisa.

Vanozivikanwa Vatorwa

Kune zviuru zvinenge zviuru zviviri zve ficus. Pamba, vanenge makumi maviri vavo vari kukura. Elastic ficuses ndiyo yakakurumbira uye yakajairika. "Elastic" izwi rechiLatini. MuchiRussia, izvi zvinomera zvinonzi miti inobereka raubha, nokuti rubber yakabviswa kubva mumusi wavo. Varimi vakawanda vakaita ficus uye vanozvipira nemwoyo wose mukati mavo, asi havasi vose vanoziva izvo zvinoshamisa izvo vanezvo. Vanhu vanoti ficuses inounza kubudirira uye hukama hwakanaka. Masayendisiti anoti ivo vari nani kupfuura mamwe ose ari mukati mekurima michero, vhenesa mhepo uye kuigadzirisa nemhepo. Vashandi ve feng shui vanovimbisa kuti ficuses dzinobatsira kufunga zvakanaka uye kuita zvisarudzo zvakanaka, zvinounza rugare nekubatana. Muimba yekugara vanoumba mamiriro ekukurukurirana kwepedyo, muhofisi - kuita zvigaro zvinobatsira, kuunganidza mari mukicheni, kubvisa kusurukirwa mukicheni uye kunyange kubatsira vana vane matambudziko nazvo.

Muzvisikwa uye mumba

Nyika yekuzvarwa ye ficus ndiyo nzvimbo inotonhorera: Burma, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, chitsuwa cheJava, nechokumaodzanyemba kwekumaodzanyemba kweIndia. Ikoko vanokura miti ine miti yakareba kusvika mamita makumi mana nekuwedzera. Mhando dzakawanda dzekuwedzera kwekudya uye kupumha zvine zvizhinji zvemasimba ane simba, ayo anowira pasi pasi . MuIndia ivo vanototanga mabhiriji ekumira. Munzvimbo dzekuzvarwa dzose ficus dzinokura uye dzinobereka michero. Zvibereko zvevamwe zvinodyiwa. Imwe ficuses inokura mumatambudziko akawanda, kana bedzi iyo yakapiwa nemamiriro ezvinhu ose, uye inonyanya kukosha, yakapa nzvimbo yakakwana. Asi usanetseka pamusoro peizvi, nokuti maruva (sikonia) akawanda ezvo - ndeawo anotarisa mavara akafanana nemapango, akafanana nemaonde. Zvibereko zvine maitiro akafanana. Mumatumba edu, elastics haisi makuru, uye kwete ose ari branching. Rudzi urwu rune simu rine marudzi akawanda nemarudzi, zvinoratidzika zvakasiyana zvakasiyana. Rimwe gwenzi, vamwe havaiti. Vamwe vane mashizha mashizha, makuru kana kuti maduku zvikuru, vamwe vane mottled. Chero mamiriro ezvinhu ekuchengetwa kwezvinhu zvose izvi zvinenge zvakafanana.

Zvikamu zvekutarisira

Kutarisira ficuses kwakajeka, asi kunoda kutevedzwa nemimwe mitemo. Kune zvitanhatu bedzi:

1. Chiedza . Zvose ficuses dzinoda, asi hazvigoni kumira zvakananga kwezuva. Kubva pane izvi pamashizha awo kune mavara emoto. Nzira yakanakisisa ndeyokuisa pata yehuva pedyo nehwindo, yakavharwa nejira rechiedza. Iwindo iro pacharo rinofanirawo kuvharwa, nokuti zvinyorwa hazvidi ficuses. Pane imwe nzvimbo munzvimbo yakaoma, mbeu inotanga kurasikirwa nemashizha.

2. Kutya . Pasinei nechokwadi chokuti maonde elastiki ari masikati, haagoni kumira. Izvo zvakanyanya kutonhorera kwavari ndeye22 + ... ^о од in summer uye +14 ... +16 ^о С muchando. Patsika dzepamusoro, mbeu dzinotanga kubvisa mashizha.

3. Kunwisa . Anoda nguva dzose, asi akaenzanisa. Hazvidi kuti uzadze michero, asi clod yepasi inofanira kunge yakanyorova (kunze kwekuti ficus ichichengetedzwa pamhepo yekutema iri pasi + 12 degrees). Mvura yekudiridza inofanira kudzivirirwa.

4. Kunyorova . Zvose ficus elastika sekusasa nemvura inodziya yakabikwa. Kana mukamuri ichipisa, unofanirwa kuita izvi zuva rega rega. Munguva yechando, kupuraira hakuiti. Asi kubvisa mashizha kubva muguruva kunodiwa gore rose.

5. Kuwedzera kuwedzerwa . Kumiti inofadza nekunaka, inofadza kuidya kaviri pamwedzi uye yakaoma manyowa. Kuputsika kunowanikwa chete muchando, apo kukura kwemiti kunoguma.

6. Kubatana . Ficus haafariri kuchinja muhupenyu hwavo, ndiko kuti, kuchinja poto kana kutamira kune imwe nzvimbo. Vanopindura kune zviito izvi nehizha rinowa.

Ficus kuiswa mumusha

Sezvo mhando dzose dzeficus dzinokura nokukurumidza, dzinofanirwa kutemwa nguva nenguva. Isa chiduku, chinongouya kubva muchitoro chekuchengetedza pakarepo muhari huru haigone. Saka midzi yake inotanga kukura zvakasimba kune zvinokuvadza chikamu chevhu. Kana pane chido chekugadziriswa, imwe pikari inosarudzwa chete masendimita mashanu uye 6 cm yakadzika kupfuura yakapfuura. Pasi painofanira kuzadza mvura. Dzorera kana kutenga imwechete ye ficus, kana kugadzirira ivo pachavo. Kuti uite izvi, funganisa zvikamu zvakaenzana zvejecha, humus, turf uye peat land. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, ficus kuiswa mumusha kunotsiviwa nekuwedzera kwevhu kubva kumusoro kusvika pombi. Kana micheka yakachena ichionekwa pamakumbo epasi akapoteredza muti, inofanira kubviswa uye ivhu rakafanana neiro rinotorwa panguva yekufemera rinofanira kuwedzerwa pombi.

Kubereka

Dzorerai malasitiki nenzira mbiri.

1. Cuttings . Zvakakosha kubvisa tsinde nemashizha akawanda, kushambidza pasi pemvura inoyerera kusvikira mvura yakachena inorega ichiyerera ichiisa mumvura kana kuisa mumvura yakanyorova. Muchikamu chekupedzisira icho chinodikanwa kuifukidza nehomwe. Nenzira iyi, zvinomera nemashizha mashizha, somuenzaniso, Robusta's elastic ficus, zviri nani kudhindwa zvakare.

2. Nechidimbu chemhepo. Pamusoro pevending stalk iwe unoda kuita incision (kwete kudarika 1/3 yehupamhi), huputire ne moss sphagnum uye pakiti kana firimu. Kana midzi ichioneka, tsvina inofanira kuderedzwa nekudyarwa. Iyi nzira inoshandiswa kuparadzira variegated ficuses.

Zvirwere nezvirwere

Ficuses elastics inorwisana nemapopu, thrips uye mutsara. Kurwisana nemishonga inokosha ("Aktara") kana mishonga yevanhu. Iyo inonyanya kushanda ndeyokupukuta mashizha uye stalk yechirwere chinorwara ne sese remhinduro, iyo inoshambidzwa shure kwehafu yeawa. Vamwe varimi vanorayirwa kuti vasvikire pasi mubhodhoro neine simba risina simba re potassium permanganate. Zvimwe zvose zvinetso ne ficuses (kuteterera, kuputika, ruvara rwemashizha, mashizha akazara asina shangu) zvinokonzerwa nekusawirirana nemitemo yekuchengeta michero.

Ficus ane mashizha mashizha

Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa pakati pevaflorist ndiyo elasmic ficus yaRobusta. Muzviitiko zvizhinji, ine imwe yakarurama yakatambanudzirwa kusvika kune denga. Mashizha ayo akareba, mashizha, kusvika masendimita makumi matatu nemashanu uye anenge masendimita masere, akazara maruva, akareruka, akajeka, akaoma kwazvo, ane bent. Zvakaoma kumumanikidza kuti ikure negwenzi. Kana iwe ukagura chidimbu che ficus, dzimwe nguva lateral buds dzinouya kuhupenyu, asi sekutonga, imwe inokura, iyo inopa imwechete tsvina imwechete. Izvo zvakasara buds kana mashizha awo mashoma. Asi ficus of Robust pakati pevamwe vanhu inonzi inonyanya kushivirira uye kusagadzikana. Kumumanikidza kuti asunungurire mararamiro anotevera, zvinokwanisika, kwete kungochera chidimbu, asiwo kushandura tsvina. Zvadaro tsono dzepamusoro dzichakura. Apo mashizha mashoma anowira pairi, tsanga inoruramiswa. Vamwe varimi vanoita pfuti pachigamba netsanga (inenge 1/3 yehupamhi). Izvi zvinokurudzira kukura kwetsvo.

Imwe mhando yakakurumbira yemiti ndiyo ficus elastica - Abidjan. Kunze, anotarisa akajeka, mashizha ake bedzi ari madota, uye mapepa awo anotsanangurwa, asi haana kumira. Kana kujekesa kwakakodzera kunopa Abidjan, ruvara rwemavara runoita rima bheet-ruvara nemavhu mutsvuku. Rudzi urwu rwe ficus runonyanya kusanyengera uye kuderedza.

Ficus elastic Melanie (inoratidzwa pamusoro apa) yakasimbiswa zvakakwana pasina simba revanhu. Leaflets iduku kudarika mumarudzi maviri apfuura. Pakureba vanokura kusvika masendimita gumi nemashanu, uye muhupamhi - kusvika kune 7. Chirevo chavo chinenge chichikanganiswa. Chimiro chinotaridzika chaizvo, nokuti mapazi akabatanidzwa pamatavi. Kana ukazvichengetedza zvakanaka, unowana gwenzi rakanaka, rakasvibirira. Rudzi urwu rwomuduku ruduku, hunoda kuputira nguva dzose, runoda kudyidzana nemumanyorera ne nitrogen, haruregi kuronga, kubvumidza uye guruva pamashizha.

Variegated Ficus

Izvi zvinosanganisira marudzi eBelize, Brazil, Thineke. Iyi ficuses inoda chaizvo zvisikwa. Vanoda chiedza chakajeka, kupisa uye kunowedzera kupera. Pasina mamiriro ezvinhu anogutsa, vanoteura mashizha avo kana kurasika mavara avo. Ficus elastica Tineke inenge yakakura, kusvika masendimita masere 25 uye yakareba masendimita makumi maviri, mashizha evha. Pedyo nechepakati pepini (pink kana kamuti), ivo vemavara, uye kumativi ose maiva nemuchena, kamuki kana mamwe mavara. Belize inofadzawo. Mashizha awo ane patchiness yakanyanya kufananidzwa uye mutsara wakatsvuka pakati. Pamuganhu mutsvuku, pink uye kamuti.

Ficus jira reBrazil rinewo mavara, asi kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakatsvuka pavari. Mucherechedzo wavo wakachena, wakachena, kamuki, saladi, uye mukati mechiratidzo chiri chiedza. Miti yacho inogona kukura mabhiza uye inoratidzika zvakanaka. Mumufananidzo uri kumusoro - ficus Tineke.

Ficuses "mix"

Izwi rokuti "kusanganisa" munyaya iyi rinoreva kuti mbeu dzakadyarwa kwete mune imwe dzakasiyana, asi dzakasiyana. Ficus yaBenjamin "kusanganiswa" yakawanda. Iyi mhando ine marudzi akawanda, pakati payo pane vamiririri vane zvose variegated uye mashizha matsvuku. Vamwe vavo, semuvaraidza Dhanieri, Exotica ane mashizha kusvika masendimita matanhatu, uye maKinky mashizha, Ester inokura kusvika 4-5 cm chete.Monique uye Golden Monique vakanaka kwazvo, uye pamiganhu yemashizha akaoma zvikuru. Mhando dzose dzine chitarisiko chemuti muduku ane korona yakaoma. "Kusanganiswa" VaBenjamini vanonyanya kuda kutarisirwa kufanana neye ficuses yose: sekumera, kushuva, chiedza, kuvenga zvidimbu, kubvumidza uye kunyanya kuderedza pasi pasi.