European kusangana: nhoroondo uye modernity

United Europe, ezvinhu pasina miganhu - hope vazivi zhinji, voruzhinji, vezvematongerwo enyika uye vagari chete munhuwo akakwana. Asi akakwanisa embody kudaro kare, pakati pezana remakore rechi20.

A Nhoroondo shoma

European Union Pfungwa dzidzo haana simuka pasina. Ikava rudzi inogadzirwa socio-enyika mamiriro ezvinhu muEurope pakupera Yechipiri World War. Zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti tirambe uye kusimbisa akatunhidzwa nengaidzo pakati nyika masimba, kuti pave nokushorwa chaiyo itsva zvinoita kwakabva fascism, kusimudza yaparara upfumi, nokudzosa uye kuwedzera munyika mukurumbira vaikudzwa kunyika dzokuMadokero European panyika mudariro. Izvi zvakanga kunyanya kukosha chiedza paumbwe imwe mumisasa huru enyika - yeGutsaruzhinji - nyika muEastern Europe, akatungamirirwa Soviet Union, uyewo nokuda anosimbirira kupinda ari European musika of USA. Zvino China vakazivisawo pachake zvikuru zvakakwana.

To zvinobudirira svikira uye pasiri kusimudzira chete mumusasa upi Power capitalist zveupfumi vaida nevakawanda musika randinogara vanhu mamiriyoni 250 kana kupfuura. Sezvingatarisirwa, hapana, kunyange dzakabudirira nyika Western vaisagona zvinodiwa izvozvo. Zvinhu zvakanga kuwedzerwa kukwikwidzana nemakwikwi pamisasa - pakati chete France, Germany, Belgium, etc.

Achiziva ukoshi uye kudiwa kubatanidza Namachinda State akatsunga chikuru nyaya: nhungamiro pamusoro izvo European kusangana rinofanira kubva? Kana kutora nzwisa America, uye kumisa kururama kwavo United States of Europe, kana kuti kuita zvimwe zvibvumirano mumunda pamwe enyika, zveupfumi uye zviri pamutemo, pasina kukanganisa hurumende changamire? Nharo nguva panyaya iyi kusvikira nhasi, vanoratidza chikuru nzendo European kusangana.

EU: panguva yasimuka

Saka, zvishoma nezvishoma, danho nedanho, masimba Western akatanga kutevera mutemo rapprochement uye kubatana - kutanga musi zvoupfumi hwaro, kusika "Coal uye Steel" uye "Euratom", kurerutsa tsika kuzvidzora uye kuronga imwe chete tsika nzvimbo mahara kufamba mukati rive vanhu uye nenhumbi, guta guru, etc. Zvino yakanga yakaumbwa uye zvinonyatsorehwa zvemitemo nzvimbo pamberi European Council uye European Parliament.

Pfungwa kubatana kwava dzakakurumbira chaizvo, vakawanda ainyatsonzwisisa makomborero ayo. Kwemakumi emakore, murwiyo of European Union yawedzera yekudyidzana. Saka, European kusangana inoratidza kuwedzera Kuisa zvakafanana mabasa pamusoro private zvinodiwa mamiriro mumunda evanhu upfumi, uyewo vaya yose zvechokwadi kuchinja zvematongerwo enyika, zveupfumi, izvo kwakaitika yechipiri yezana remakore rechi20.

Gangaidzo pamusoro geopolitics ino kumwedzi ndechokuti, sezvo chikuru US mukwikwidzi ari pamusika nyika , uye kurwa pamwe US kuti simba uye kutsiga panyika mudariro, EU nyika vanotsigirana simba naye NATO nemauto-enyika bloc muna Cold War kurwisa Soviet Union, mukuedza kuwana pamusoro mamiriro kuMabvazuva kweEurope mugovanisi bloc.

Kuparara Soviet Union, kuparadzwa European mugovanisi muviri Chokwadi, vasingagoni kunge iri ruoko yose West. Nyika dzaiumba Warsaw chibvumirano vakanotora rusununguko chaiyo uye mukana yokuzvitonga, uyewo vakawanda dzaichimbova USSR. "Achipinda nineties" dzakatangwa kwete chete nokuti haawanzotauri akagamuchira mamiriro "mamiriro" dzeRussia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, nezvimwewo, asiwo Romania, Poland, muBalkans, etc .., Ie nharaunda yakakura, izvo zvakaitika rehurumende socio-enyika uye zvoupfumi.

Nekuona kuti oga havazopukunyuki kuti European kusangana - zvino chete kurudyi danho, kunyika Eastern Europe akatanga kutsvaka rutsigiro muna European Union. Hongu, uye nokuda reBaltic, uye gare gare Ukraine, accession Moldova ku EU vhiza isina hurumende yava chinokosha aikosha vanorumwe mudzimba negwaro.

Basa pamwe unknowns maviri

Kana kusvika panguva ino chete vemunharaunda European Kwairatidza anenge kunyatsoenzana dzakasimukira muviri zvoupfumi, kunyika yaimbova bloc Soviet panhau iyi, lagging zvakasimba shure kwavo dzokumadokero vavakidzani. Nekuti inotevera nhanho European kusangana aizoguma kusarudza zvakaoma: kutora nyika idzi kuti EU, vachiziva kuti masimba vokumadokero kumeso kwavo kupfeka kutsigisa igwa nokururamisira yakareba kana kuramba kupinda. Asi zvino yakaramba zvinogona kukanganisa tichikufunga Russia achatora shure yakarasika nzvimbo yayo sechinhu superpower. Uye Eastern Europe zvakare vachava geopolitical muchadenga of Moscow kwakaita simba. Sezvingatarisirwa, izvi haisi mwoyo West. KweBrussels uye Washington nokuti wedzerai masuo EU uye NATO, vachitora mutsa sezvamunoita yavo, kwete chete aimbova mugovanisi nyika, asi vatatu kuBaltic States.

Kuwedzera nhamba hazvirevi unhu kuvandudzika. Huchiwedzera Nzvimbo yezvinoreva sangano uye zvoupenyu simba, EU, panguva imwe chete, akatambira vakawanda utera "hama zviduku", asi ari Western zvoupfumi European akaisa pasi rakakomba mutoro. Uye makwikwi pamwe United States, zvakare, havafaniri kukanganwa, America ari kwose kwose kutevera zvavanoda, kunyange kana "shamwari" pamwe European Union.

dzimwe pfungwa

Kufanana chero zvikuru miganhu sangano, kwete kungotevedzera kuburikidza nzendo European kusangana pakati nemateru nezvisingafadzi. Mukusarudza nezvoupfumi, tariro huru dzakanga wakarovererwa pamusoro chete mari European kuti aifanira kuva yepamusoro uye zvikuru kupfuura dhora zvishoma nezvishoma bvikinyidza ukuru kwayo pamusoro kumusika nyika uye kusimudza upfumi Union. Mukutanga 2000s akasika euro, izvo anoti munyika Reserve Bank manotsi. Roga, pfungwa akatanga zvakarurama. Uye Maastricht Treaty zvakajeka vakanga ushandiswe dzekuziva kuti anofanira kusarudza vaida eurozone. Huru ngwariro rwakabhadharwa kuna bhajeti dhefisiti - zvakanga kusapfuudza 3 muzana GDP. Chokwadi, haasi munhu wose zvinoenderana zveupfumi izvi. Zvisinei, muna kweeuro nzvimbo vakatorwa - vakaita basa iri US chiito "opaque." Chisarudzo ichi chaiva mhando nguva bhomba, uye EU nhengo - hostages acho ezvinhu.

Pakutanga, euro chose kutsungirira basa rayo, uye nhasi kwayo mwero wakakwirira kupfuura dhora. Asi dzakakurumbira uye rose kosi vose chinyakare "munyoro" mari. A itsva ose zvoupfumi vachidzungudza Europe, muri nengozi kuti kuvapo EU. Greece, Portugal, Spain, Ireland kudhonza mugango-European zvoupfumi chikepe kusvika pasi. Hongu, uye EU pacharo "Akatanga vanababa" haasi kuenda zvakanaka, dambudziko - dambudziko iri. Zviri pachena kuti European kusangana haina akapa zvinotevera zvokukura ivepo. Finance dambudziko nyika pachavo mitero yavo - zvakare zvinodhura, kunyange zvakakomba vaipa ari eurozone. Asi mumwe gangaidzo: mukana kubvisa kutsigisa igwa nyika kushayiwa. Legislative mabasa nekuda kuitwa European Union, euro nzvimbo yakatanga, asi goho mitemo iyi - kwete! Uye ivo pachavo kubuda brainchild yake, kuumba idzva chibvumirano yokutungamirira inoti Western haagoni - kana ivo antagonized vavakidzani ake ekare uye nevamwe. Uye Putin kuti Russia iri njanji, pfungwa kusimbisa nzvimbo post-Soviet uye musapotse mukana kudzokera unoriumba zvoupenyu pesvedzero kuEastern Europe.

zvakawanikwa

Saka, kudzivisa kutadza kwavo, nembiru EU, zvikurukuru Germany uye France, chaizvoizvo dzakamanikidzwa kutsigira vatsigiri vavo. Ndiani anogona kubatsirwa ichi? Mhinduro iri nyore. Euro yakarasikirwa ayo chivimbo uye havagoni kukwikwidzana pamwe US dhora. Ndiye US, kunyange varipo ezvinhu dambudziko, uye ivo pachavo havasi inotapira, vanogutsikana zvikuru pamwe chokwadi nzvimbo EU.

Pari EU ari panguva yokuchinja: hazvibviri ndirege simba nyika pasi pokudzora Moscow, asi muvadzivirire kunobatsira chaizvo. Zvisinei, zvinoita sokuti kuva: dzevanhu uye enyika vavariro nguva dzose anodhura ...