Elena Chukovskaia: Biography, upenyu pachake, mhuri, mariro

Elena Tsezarevna Chukovskaia yawana mbiri somunhu nyanzvi uye kemisiti. upenyu wake akanga kuchinjwa Second World War, rokuvakazve, uye dzimwe kunzwisisa inopenya nguva munhoroondo Russian.

paucheche

August 6, 1931 mumhuri Kesari Volpe uye Lidii Korneevny Chukovskoy mwanasikana, uyo ainzi Helen. Makore mashomanana pashure pakazvarwa vabereki vake vakarambana, mai vake vanenge pakarepo akaroorwa Matveya Bronshteyna.

Elena akaberekerwa Leningrad. Zvisinei, mukuvamba pauduku yaaipedza ari ino guta duku nguva. Muna 1937, ivo yefizikisi Soviet, akasungwa, akatongerwa rufu akaurayiwa pashure muedzo pfupi. Mutemo mubato iri rusarura vaakawana nemhosva kuziva zvinoita kusungwa uye nehama, muchiitiko ichi amai Helena. Ndicho chikonzero Lidiya Korneevna Chukovskaya vakasarudza kusiya Leningrad akaenda kundogara panguva baba vake Korney Chukovsky.

Upenyu Tashkent

In yehondo Elena Tsezarevna naamai vake zvakanga zvinenge pakarepo akatizira Tashkent. Pamwe chete navo, uye anofamba sekuru.

studentship

The chikuru zvataurwa nenyanzvi basa Elena anosarudza kemisitiri uye pashure pehondo muna 1948 akapinda rorusununguko Chemistry panguva State Institute muMoscow. Panguva iyi, sekuru vake kushanda zvinyorwa almanac "Chukokkala" chii panguva chirwere inomubatsira muzukurusikana.

Kuti sekuru akabatsira zvikuru zvakawanda simba pamusoro remangwana mabhuku mutsoropodzi. In pachake ake dhayari Korney Chukovsky akaona kuti muzukuru wake zvakanaka vakarongeka uye zvakajeka Anopatsanura chakanaka kubva chakaipa.

nyanzvi basa

Pashure 6 makore kurovedza Elena Chukovskaya, ane mhuri akanga achipfuura dzakaoma, iye kudzidza kubva yunivhesiti muna 1954. Pakarepo, murume kutora basa iri Research Institute of Organoelement Compounds, apo aishanda kusvikira 1987.

Mumazana yose nguva yake akaratidza amene unyanzvi kemisiti. Achitungamirirwa Robert H. Freidlin Chukovskaia muna 1962 akatsigira chinyorwa chake, pakuwana masayendisiti mwero anoda kubhabhatidzwa sayenzi namakemikari.

Nokufamba basa kukura zvichinzi mapepa akawanda musayenzi chokuita makemikari kemisitiri, Helen akava co-munyori monograph.

Kusarudza rorusununguko Chemistry

Mune rimwe kubvunzurudzwa ake Elena Chukovskaya akaudza sei aiva kemisiti. Maererano naye, kusarudza yainyanya netsaona. Akanga chokuita ndechokuti chikoro rakapedzwa muna 1949 - imwe nguva yakaipisisa nokuda nevanhu. Zvikuru yakawanda matambudziko inowira amai uye sekuru, uyo vakadzingwa kwese, uye mabasa avo vasina rakabudiswa. ezvinhu aya chakaita kuti asarudze kwayo kushanda.

For Elena basa sekuru vake "Chukokkala" zvazova zvechokwadi upenyu changed. Yakanga pashure pokufa munyori uye nhaka mairi akambokumbira imba kubudiswa "Art" ari almanac, uye gadziriro vakatanga kuti chigadzirwa kudhinda. Panguva ino, rakava chaanofarira mabhuku basa: a kemisiti ne basa rakanga anonakidza kushanda mafaira uye manotsi, kugadzirisa anoshanda. Munguva iyi iye akasangana Solzhenitsyn. Imwe nguva pashure kutorerwa yamabhuku Aleksandr Isaevich akararama pakutanga munyika, uye panguva iyoyo Chukovsky mufurati.

An dzinonakidza chokwadi anogona kunzi kuti kana sekuru vake anorarama Elena Chukovskaia haana kubatanidzwa muzvinhu ake. Mushure nhaka Archive kwaakaita akatsaurira upenyu hwake pashure richengetedzwe uye kutsikisa. Zvikuru ruzivo kwave kuwanikwa mumabhuku panguva anozvipira rokubudisa uye kuparadzira anoshanda Solzhenitsyn vanoga- Ryazan. Kunyange pasi nokutyisidzirwa kusungwa uye kudzingwa mabasa rakabudiswa muchivande uye zvisiri pamutemo akaparadzirwa guru uye mamwe maguta USSR.

Activities chaiko

Pasinei nechido chikuru mukudzidza kemisitiri, uyewo chinoshingaira nyanzvi basa Elena Chukovskaia anoteerera zvikuru kuti mabhuku. Sezvambotaurwa, kunyange pauduku nayo chachinja sekuru vangu, iye akaumba Elena rudo mabhuku Genres siyana.

Pashure kunyatsoziva Solzhenitsyn uye mabasa ake Elena Chukovskaia anotanga kumupa rakasiyana rubatsiro mhando. Kutaura, vakatanga mukutanga Kuma1960 uye akaramba kunyange pashure makatodzinga Solzhenitsyn kubva Soviet Union.

Solzhenitsyn pamusoro Elena Tsezarevne Chukovskaia

Murondedzero yake "The Oak uye Calf" Solzhenitsyn ari oga chikamu inonzi "Munhu Asingaoneki" kuudzwa rubatsiro kubva yakasiyana vanhu vari panguva yakaoma. Muchikamu chino, inoti zvakawanda pamusoro paakakurukura Elena panguva kugara muSoviet Union pasi pangozi yokusungwa.

Somunhu inobudirira kemisiti, Elena Chukovskaia, ane Biography kumbova nyore uye risina makore, aired pafungidziro, vakaronga misangano kurudyi vanhu vakabvunzurudza zvapupu siyana nokuda mbirikira zvisiri pamutemo nezviito hurumende pamusoro Solzhenitsyn, ikazobudiswazve mavhoriyamu mashanu 3 years. Maererano nomunyori, akanga pfungwa akagadzirira asungwa, izvo zvinogona tinzwe pamusoro rose ake pedyo denderedzwa shamwari, asi haasi kutya chinhu. In zvinoitirwa kusungwa akanga kunyange akagadzirira ingozvibatai nenzira imwe maitiro mitemo, iyo yakavakirwa ndechokuti chinhu chikuru - harifaniri kuvhiringidzwa mune uchapupu uye aisafanira kuzviramba. Munguva rondedzero, zvakanzi kuzivikanwa kuti panyaya vasungwe Elena dzavo zvokurarama chikonzero vanoti kusimudzira mabhuku Russian.

An dzinonakidza chokwadi anogona kunzi zvavari nyaya dzakawanda havana kubvumirana, asi pasinei Chukovskaia ichi kwakabatsira Solzhenitsyn kusvika sezvaibvira.

Death K. I. Chukovskogo

Ki Chukovsky akafa muna 1968. All Kodzero yamabhuku uye mabhuku mabasa nhaka mwanasikana wake uye muzukuru. Zvisinei, pasinei kuchinjwa kodzero, yakawanda nematambudziko nokuti venhaka aiva Bhuku "Chukokkala", iro muchirongwa kunyorwa Elena mumakore mudzidzi. The rokutanga reShanduro yakabudiswa muna 1979, uye chete mukupera 90 kuti Almanac akanga reissued yakakwana.

Nhoroondo kutamburira bhuku kwemakore akawanda. Nguva iyi rondedzero "Memoir musi Chukokkala" chakatsaurirwa. Zvinoratidza nzira vanhu vakanga vakakomba munyori mumakore ake okupedzisira oupenyu hwake, akaedza kupikisa kurudyi almanac uye kusarudza kuunza mabasa avo Chukovskogo mwanasikana wake muzukurusikana.

House-Museum of Korney Chukovsky

In Peredelkino, kwaaigara muvambi "Chukokkala" akasikwa kumba-miziyamu yakatsaurirwa kuna hwake uye basa. Panguva rufu uye pashure Zviremera havana kuteerera vanhu chido chokuchengetedza okugadzira zvinhu uye munyori nyaya, asi muzukuru wake uye mwanasikana akaisa yakawanda nesimba kuvhura uye tiine miziyamu. Iye zvino, pashure pokufa kwake muzukurukadzi, anoramba kushanda.

Wokutanga simbi vatungamiriri uye muzukuru Clara Israelevna Lozovskaya - pachake munyori kuti munyori.

Muna 1996, amai anofa Elena Tsezarevny Chukovskaia. Paakafa, akatanga kushanda paari Archive uye chinyorwa mapepa. Mukuita kudaro, zvinobatsira Zh. O. Havkina.

Publications Elena Tsezarevny Chukovskaia

Yakakurumbira mabasa, izvo akatanga kubudisa muna 1974, sezvinotevera:

1. "Dzokera kuna Solzhenitsyn USSR citizenship". Edition yakabudiswa muna 1988. Kwakavakirwa noukama munyori, kuti tinyatsonzwisisa unhu hwake uye maonero.
2. Collection nyaya pamusoro Solzhenitsyn, zvakanyorwa pamwe chete Vladimir Gloritserom. The muunganidzwa "Shoko anowana nzira kwayo" yakabudiswa muna 1998.
3. Ndangariro Boris Pasternak (1988).

Sezvambotaurwa, chipenyu Chukovskaia zvikuru kutaura Solzhenitsyn. Izvi zvinoratidzwa wake basa rokusika.

Vazhinji nguva okupedzisira makore hwake iye chose kugadzirira uye bhuku mabasa zvakanyorwa naamai vake uye sekuru. Its aitya Mafungiro kuti faira akaita bhuku remabasa akadai "The House Nyanduri", "nokuputsanya", "Diary" Korney Chukovsky, uyewo munhu matsamba baba uye mwanasikana, uyo akashanda rokusika basa.

It yakabudiswa yakawanda mapepa, inova tsanangudzo kuna mabasa hama dzavo. Kuti tinzwisise zvimwe mabasa, zvinokosha kuziva kuti zvakanyorwa nenguva upenyu.

Elena Chukovskaia: rudo upenyu

On upenyu Elena Tsezarevny Chukovskaia pachake anenge hapana anozivikanwa. kubvunzurudzwa All ndokutumidza okupedzisira oupenyu hwake vakanga chokuita chete naye mabhuku mabasa. Elena Tsezarevna Chukovskaia upenyu pachake izvo nokufukidzwa chidzitiro pakavanda, pashure pokufa sekuru vake uye mai zvose masimba paakapiwa mu vavakezve mhuri arşive. We chete kuziva kuti vana asingafadzi pamutemo kuroorana haana kubuda.

Elena Chukovskaia: mariro

Elena Tsezarevna vakashaya January 3, 2015 muMoscow musi 83 fung gore upenyu. It akavigwa Peredelkino kumakuva, pedo makuva mai vake, mbuya nasekuru. Anoonekana akawira Orthodox Christmas yezororo, mutambo rakarongwa pasuo House of Russian Diaspora. Kunyange Solzhenitsyn Elena haana kubvumirana panyaya chokuita nokutenda. Pamwe saka, kana nokuda pazvirairo hadzina inoitwa mariro chechi.