Dzidziso pamutemo norudzi

In Russia kubvira ushe Petro madenderedzwa Mutongo First akaona kudiwa chokusika boka vanhu vakadzidza yako. Zvisinei, zvinhu zvakanga dzinopesana chaizvo. Chokwadi kuti Russia ine "vanhu vakadzidza," akava unowanzosangana "podryvatelyami" zvinokosha - vavengi absolutism. Panyaya iyi, vakabva Nicholas I zvikuru zvakawanda maonero dzidzo. Pashure pezvose, mubvunzo kukura dzidzo Russia yakanga hunonyatsobatana mumwe mubvunzo, kukosha - kuchengetedza huripo mugadziriro.

Ideologist of "unodzivirira" kuchinja mumhuri mitemo mirayiridzo yaiva Uvarov (Minister of Education). Aiona chinhu chokutanga kuziva mitemo izvo zvinoumba nevamwe zviri Russia, ndezvaJehovha chete nayo. Ndiye muna 1832 akagadzira rinozivikanwa vanamwari vatatu vatatu kuti "rudzi, Autocracy, Orthodoxy." vanamwari vatatu vatatu ichi chakava hwaro. Zvakange uchifungidzira pamutemo norudzi Uvarova.

Akapa inokosha kusiyana munhoroondo kukura Russia uye Europe, gurukota Education akaronga nokubatanidza paumbwe tsika uye dzidzo uye pfungwa kudiwa autocracy sezvo rudzi enyika kubva kare kuri muna Russian mamiriro. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti dzidzo Western European chamuita kuti echimurenga kurwisana. MuRussia, kuti "kurongeka" akararama, sezvo akavimba kujeka uye asingazivikanwi pakutanga Europe. Dzidziso pamutemo rudzi anosanganisa pfungwa dzidzo uye pfungwa pamusoro mubatanidzwa, nokuzvidira pamwe kwevanhu uye namambo. Muchiitiko chino, aigovera hapana makirasi rinopikisa. Panguva imwe chete munyori dzidziso pamutemo rudzi vakaziva autocracy sezvo chete zvinoita chehurumende muRussia. Under Orthodoxy aireva chete kuri kuti vanhu Russian zvikuru rezvitendero. Maererano zana ruzivo, dzidziso pamutemo rudzi ataura kuti umambo ndiye chete chimiro, inobatsira kuti kwerunyararo chokuvapo Eastern Christianity, izvo zvinozoita unoratidza zvemukati tsika uye zvechitendero chinzvimbo hurumende.

Hwezvekukurukurirana basa kuramba nyika yaivapo munyika, Uvarov akaisa mberi pfungwa yake. Inoitwa mukusika zvikoro zvakadai uye anoranga, izvo kwete chete haringakubayi veruzhinji hurongwa, asi ndichazvikudza panguva imwecheteyo rimwe chakavimbika kupfuura zvitsigiso autocracy. Zvazvinosarira chete kusarudza nyaya zviri zvaitarisirwa dzidzo. Zvisinei, gurukota Dzidzo vaisagona kuramba kuti pokumuka anoranga idzva Russia pasina kushandisa pfungwa ano sayenzi European zvakanga zvisingaiti. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kusvikira panguva iyoyo nheyo iri rakanga yakavakirwa dzidziso pamutemo urudzi, richiratidzwa dzimwe nzira nomuzvarirwo. With kukura pfungwa mushumiri akashingaira basa subordinating rose mamiriro "chizvarwa Russian" kunzwisisa. Saka, dzidzo, achiumba uye tikava isingachinji pfungwa yechinangwa, asingagoni kunyadzisa aivapo kurongeka.

Dzidziso pamutemo rudzi vakaziva serfdom sechinhu Boon nokuda nehurumende uye vanhu. ino zvaisanganisira pachavo kweimwe munhu kubva neimwe, mukuru pasi yakavakirwa chepamutemo murimi mudiki makore. Order uye kurangwa, rudo mambo, kuteerera vehurumende, kuzviisa pasi pesimba hurumende ichaongororwa yakanakisisa dzevanhu unhu. Saka, muna dzidziso pamutemo nyika yaisagona nani unoratidza mudzimu zera aiva Nicholas.