Vose Generalissimo wenyika; mazita uye mapikicha

Generalissimo - ndiyo inonyanya chinzvimbo kuti anogona kugamuchira nemauto. A chinokosha ndechokuti kazhinji hazvina haripi refu-basa kana kugona utungamiriri uye kunoshamisa nokubudirira kune Motherland. Chokutanga, mashoko aya ndizvo zviri XX remakore, kana akagamuchira musoro vanhu chaizvoizvo vezvikwata vakakomba pose. Special unhu, kwete kuwanikwa ose mauto akasiyana zvinenge vose generalissimo. List zvikuru nomukurumbira vavo ichakurukurwa pakudzokorora uku.

nhoroondo mashoko

Shoko rokuti "generalissimo" ndiro Latin rinoshandurudza se "anokosha muchiuto." Uye zvirokwazvo, nokuti yose nguva yebudiriro kwevanhu kumbova yakakwirira uto chinzvimbo.

Kokutanga akapa soro chinzvimbo muna 1569 naMambo Charles IX wokuFrance, munin'ina wake, uye pave paya mutsivi wake pachigaro choumambo uye zvakazivikanwa nyika pasi zita Henry III. Zvisinei, panguva kwete rokuremekedza nokukurumidza, uye honorary rokuremekedza. Uye jaya gumi namasere, uyo aiva Henry, paive aigona kuva panguva zvakakomba kusiyana muhondo.

Uyezve, zita iri paakavapa munyika dzakasiyana, kazhinji vasina systematization kwakanga. Mune zvimwe zviitiko izvi zvechokwadi chikuru uto post, uye mumwe - chete rokuti, vamwe vehurumende kutorwa pachinzvimbo chevatatu upenyu, nepo vamwe - chete kwenguva ya ruvengo. Saka hazvisi pakuguma Generalissimo kuMiddle Ages vakanga nechokuita muchiuto.

Imwe yakakurumbira generalissimos iyi kwaiva mukuru mukuru Hutsvene hweRoma, Albrecht of Wallenstein, uyo akava nomukurumbira munguva yeHondo Yemakore Makumi Matatu (1618 -. 1648 gg).

Uye chii muRussia?

In Russia pachinzvimbo chevatatu generalissimo yakatanga pamutemo basa gavhuna Alexander Sergeyevich Shein chevaux Peter I muna 1696 pashure yechipiri Azov rutsigiro.

Zvadaro, izvi honorary Zita rokuremekedza paakavapa Duke Alexander Danilovich Menshikov. Zvisinei, akagara ikoko chete kwemwedzi mishomanana zvadaro akanga vakamutorera chinzvimbo chake, akawira kubva nyasha. Kwete yakareba yaiva chinzvimbo generalissimo baba Emperor John VI Russian Anton Ulrich, kureva kusvikira sapakuparadzwa mwanakomana wake. It zvakateverwa muna 1741.

Asi yakakurumbira kupfuura muridzi wenyaya generalissimo muRussia aiva mukuru mutungamiriri rechiuto, rave Makakunda vokuTurkey uye French, Aleksandr Vasilevich Suvorov (1730 -. 1800 gg). Italian yake yakakurumbira pamushandirapamwe akauya anenge ose mabhuku zvechiuto. Zvichida, nhamba okukunda ake aizova anovengwa yose generalissimo. Suvorov pamazita aita zvechokwadi hunoshamisa.

Generalissimo of XIX remakore

XIX remakore akapa renyeredzi ane vanhu paakavapa zita iri. Zvinenge zvose generalissimo uyu nguva vaiva zvikuru vemauto. Kunze zvichida kuti Duke Angulemskiy Lyudovik, dzinonzi kunyange aiva nguva maminitsi makumi maviri kushanyira Mambo France.

Vamwe vaiva vehondo zvose, akaratidza kuva vakakodzera Generalissimo wenyika. Zvinyore korona Kumukundi yaiva yakakurumbira Bonaparte - British Duke Artur Uelsli Vellington. Uyezve, zita iri akagamuchira vehondo akakurumbira zvakadai, sezvo yeAustria Archduke Charles, Generalissimo of America Miguel Hidalgo, Prince Karl Philipp zu Schwarzenberg, General Napoleon Jean-Baptiste Zhyul Bernadot, akanga paakavapa soro uto chinzvimbo saMambo Carl XIV Johan, kuti Bavarian Prince Karl Kuvshinov kumashure Verde.

Asi muna Russian Empire, pasinei vakawandisa wakafanira vehondo, hapana ari XIX remakore haina paakavapa musoro Generalissimo.

generalissimo guru rokupedzisira remakore

Remakore rechimakumi maviri vakauya maviri makuru ichipfuurira uye vazhinji hondo dzomunharaunda. Izvi zvakakonzera emuchiuto yenyika dzakawanda, izvo kazhinji mukuru mutungamiri mumabasa masangano uye uto pambiru panguva imwe chete. Zvinenge zvose Generalissimo remakore rechi20 vaiva vakuru vehurumende. Izvi zvinosanganisira nhamba dzakadaro vakakurumbira sezvo musoro Soviet Union Iosif Stalin, purezidhendi Republic of China Chan Kayshi, Spanish mudzvinyiriri Francisco Franco, mukuru DPRK Kim vaIri Sen, uye vamwe. Ngatitarisei nhoroondo dzeupenyu hwavo, dzidza zvinopfuura pfupi uye zvavaiita generalissimo huru munyika. Photos uye nhoroondo dzeupenyu vanhu vakakurumbira dzinoturwa pazasi.

Sun Yat-sen - the generalissimo of XX remakore rokutanga

Sun Yat-sen (1866 - 1925 gg.) - yokutungamirira, echimurenga uye mutungamiri Republic of China. Akanga paakavapa ichi chinokosha rokuremekedza zvimwe Generalissimo nyika remakore rechi20.

Waiva Sun Yat-sen akanga achitungamirira echimurenga mujinga Chinese Kuomintang Party. Panguva kurwira simba pashure pokuchinja chakawa poumambo muna China, hurumende raumbwa kumaodzanyemba. Sun Yat-sen aiva mairi chepamusoro hofisi - Generalissimo of Military Hurumende Nationalist China.

Kusvikira kumugumo woupenyu hwake, iye akarwira kubatanidzwa munyika rimwe zvegutsaruzhinji mamiriro, asi rufu rwake muna 1925 kudziviswa iyi.

Chan Kayshi - President of Zimbabwe China

Zvichida anozivikanwa zvikuru Chinese Generalissimo of XX remakore rakanga Chan Kayshi (1887 - 1975 gg.).

Ichi muchiuto mutungamiri mukuru uye wezvematongerwo enyika muna 1933 akamira achidzora of Kuomintang, izvo chaizvoizvo akamhanya zvikuru pakarepo pashure pokufa Sun Yat-sen. Ndiye vakasimbirira pakutanga Northern rwendo muna 1926, izvo zvichaita yekudyidzana kuwedzera miganhu of Republic of China munguva yehondo. Muna 1928, Chan Kayshi akava musoro wehurumende.

Muna 1931 akatanga Japanese nechisimba muManchuria, uye muna 1927 akaputsa hondo rakavhurika, umo Chan Kayshi akatora Zvinoshingaira. Panguva iyoyo akanga paakavapa musoro Generalissimo. Pashure pokukunda nemauto omubatanidzwa pamusoro Japan muHondo Yenyika II muna China, hondo yakatanga pakati vatsigiri Kuomintang uye vaKomonisiti rinotungamirirwa Mao Zedong. Chan Kayshi akatungamirira mauto ake akanga vakakundwa uye aifanira shure kuna Taiwan. Pane Kuomintang hurumende reRepublic of China yakatangwa. Chan Kayshi akaramba purezidhendi zvishoma zvinozivikanwa mamiriro kusvikira parufu rwake muna 1975.

Iosif Stalin - mutungamiri Soviet Union

Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin (Dzhugashvili) (1878 - 1953) -. Mutsindo wezvematongerwe enyika, mutungamiri Soviet Union. Zvaive munguva yokutonga kwake, Soviet Union akamuka kune mutengo kukunda kukuru pamusoro Nazi Germany. Nokuti ichi akanga paakavapa musoro Generalissimo. Yaiva nguva yokutanga munyika munhau kubvira panguva Suvorov.

Zvichitevera kukunda yaOctober Revolution, Stalin akanga chepamusoro utungamiriri rejaya wehurumende. Pashure Lenin afa akawana rokumusoro ruoko ari simba hondo yechipiri yezana 20s raingova oga mutungamiri Soviet Union.

Stalin vakatevera mutemo kwakaita yakawanda dzinopesana siyana pakati kare nekuda kwayo kuomarara, uye dzimwe nguva - mhirizhonga, vakawanda repressions. Uye, zvakadaro, chinokosha mugumisiro yave kubudirira, sezvo Soviet Union kubva munyika rakabhuroka pashure upfumi hondo nokukurumidza kuva muindasitiri simba.

Stalin uye Great Patriotic War

Pakarepo mushure kungoerekana kurwisa German pamusoro munharaunda USSR, zvakava pachena kuti hondo eSoviet zvaaiswedera Kurwa kugadzirira. Varwi Reich vakanga mberi nokukurumidza, uye mauto edu kuenda kure negungwa, vachiuya kukuru kwevanhu varasikirwa. Waini vari kusada weuto zvikurukuru wogara pamusoro Stalin.

Kunyange zvakadaro, mari zvikuru kuedza Red Army akakwanisa kuti vavimbezve Hondo Yenyika II, kukanda shure muvengi miganhu yenyika, uye ipapo utore Berlin.

Izviwo, aiva zvinokosha budiriro Iosifa Stalina sezvo musoro wehurumende uye mukuru wavarwi. Pasinei nokukundikana pamwedzi hondo yokutanga, akakwanisa kutora kudzora mamiriro ezvinhu uye kusarudza zvakanaka inokosha kusarudza kuronga mupomerwi. For nokubudirira izvi, Stalin akanga paakavapa soro uto chinzvimbo - Generalissimo. chinzvimbo iri basa kwaari chisarudzo Supreme Soviet of USSR muna June 1945. Military chinzvimbo , akataura nounyanzvi pamwe chete nehurumende utungamiri basa, sezvo, zvirokwazvo, panguva iyoyo, uye zvimwe Generalissimo wenyika. List pamusoro paakavapa ichi zvepamusoro munyika yedu anofukidza chete Iosif Stalin.

Francisco Franco - mudzvinyiriri wokuSpain

Francisco Franco (1892 - 1975 gg.) - mumwe kupfuura dzichipesana mukufambisira munhoroondo yemazuva ano. Asi, zvakadaro, zviito zvake akamubvumira kuti vave nomukurumbira haidereri pane dzimwe Generalissimo wenyika. Franco pamazita kubudirira rakanyatsojeka paupamhi uye kunosanganisira zviito zvose kunangidzirwa, Chokwadi, nokuti zvakanaka Spain, uye mibvunzo sarudzo.

World yakakurumbira caudillo, sezvo akasvika chiremera pashure kuuya nesimba, akawana kuronga muna 1936 mune zvemauto akabvuta chigaro kuSpain. Panguva iyoyowo akagamuchira wenyaya Generalissimo. Kunokunda Republicans muna Civil War, achitsigirwa Nazi Germany uye pechiFascist Italy, akava mutongi sepasi Spain dzinenge, achitanga imwe anomanikidza hurumende munyika.

Pashure pakatanga Hondo Yenyika II, Franco akatora kurutivi vatsigiri, uye vakaedza kuchengeta kwazvakarerekera, iyo, sezvo nhoroondo akaratidza, chaiva chisarudzo akachenjera kwazvo. Izvi akamutendera kuti nesimba pashure 1945. Kutaura zvazviri, iye akatonga Spain kusvikira parufu rwake muna 1975, vachipa pamusoro kurapa mamiriro King Juan Carlos I.

Saka, muna XX remakore Franco akagara simba kupfuura chero Generalissimo wenyika. All anotonga, kubatanidza chikuru nehurumende uye vemauto zvinzvimbo, makore 36 okuberekwa.

Kim vaIri Sen - North Korean muvambi

Kim vaIri Sen (1912 - 1994 gg.) - wokutanga mutungamiri uye muvambi North Korea. Ndakapedza nguva ko chepamusoro uto chinzvimbo muzana remakore rechi20, isingasviki vose generalissimo kwenyika - zvishoma anopfuura maviri nemakore chete.

Kim vaIri Sen akaberekwa Korea muna 1912. Biography yake yakawanda gakava, kunyange zvazvo vamwe zvakavanzika vakanga yakafukidzwa zvinenge yose generalissimo kwenyika. Mazita ari weboka rake echimurenga mabasa Kim vaIri Sen zvakachinja kakawanda, kunyange akaberekwa aiva Kim Song Ju.

Muna 1945, Kim vaIri Sen akava sachigaro Communist Party of Korea, uye kubva gore rinouya - musoro idzva mamiriro yeKorea vanhu Democratic Republic. Munguva 50s payo rakamuka noutsinye hondo pamwe South Korea, vachitsigirwa ne United States. Asi, chokwadi, kurwa haana kuuya munhu chaihwo zvinobatsira. Hondo isina weNobel yakajeka.

Pashure paizvozvo, Kim vaIri Sen rinotarisa mumhuri zvenyika. hurumende yake akanga akapfeka yakajeka zviri authoritarianism uye unhu chitendero. Muna 1992, makore maviri asati afa, Kim Il Sung akanga paakavapa musoro Generalissimo.

Generalissimo: nhoroondo basa

Historical muchinangwa dzinenge dzose munhu akakurumbira akanga soro uto chinzvimbo, zvakaoma kuona. Mupiro mukuru kune nhoroondo akaita zvinenge zvose Generalissimo wenyika. Nyora Kukunda dzavo uye kubudirira kuwanikwa chero bhuku iri kare. Uye kurangarirwa kwavo akapfuura nomuromo.

Uye ichi hazvishamisi, nokuti kubwinya vemauto uye hurumende kubudirira pacharo shongwe dzakadaro akakurumbira evanhu sezvo generalissimo wenyika. Names Suvorov, Wallenstein, Menshikov, Sun Yat-sen, Stalin, Kim Il Sung, uye vamwe vanozivikanwa nhamba kucharamba kuva chikamu kare.