Chinokosha mamiriro ezvinhu anotipa zvinhu

Nhasi, basa harisi chete vaitungamirira upfumi maumbirwo hwenyika nyika, asi anoitiswa Kurayira chinzvimbo placement mishonga iri misika nyika. Nokuti kugarwa-siyana nezvinetso, kusawirirana uye nokurwisana panomuka mukufamba rokutengesa dzakawanda, uye akakurukura zvazviri makurukuriro, chinjanai uye kutengesa zvigadzirwa.

Ndezvipi dzinokosha ezvinhu

Chinokosha mamiriro ezvinhu anotipa zvinhu - kuzivikanwa zvose dzakawanda dzaishandiswa mitemo pezvakaita uye zviri zvinosanganisira kutengeswa kwema. Hwaro (hwaro) kuti zvibvumirano zvakadaro paumbwe mitengo nhumbi, zvinosanganisira mari zvokufambisa pamusoro chokuendesa kugadzirwa mari. Kuwedzera dzakawanda Sales, chibvumirano zvinyorwa, vasina rinotsanangurwa kwose aiziva mitemo vaivhomora uye dzisina mashoko makurukuriro uye kubvuma zvinhu kungoreva kunobatsira, vaiva mabhuku ose kukura anodhura kusawirirana pakati nhengo nyika kutengeserana. Business pfungwa akadudzira mutengi uye mutengesi nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana.

Kuti agadzirise zvechigarire kusawirirana, International Chamber of Commerce muna 1936, vakasikwa "mutemo yemarudzi", anotsanangura zvinorehwa dzaishandiswa mazwi. Mugwaro iri pamusoro nguva vave vakachinja siyana uye yakabvumira kugadziriswa kwemutemo wekuita. Panguva iyoyo, zviri kushanda munyika akashandiswa 2000, yaiva nomusoro waiti "Incoterms" uye zvinoratidza mamiriro muitiro dzakawanda dzaishandiswa nhasi.

Zvikonzero amboshandurirwa "Incoterms"

Nei zvichikosha kuwedzera uye yakabvumira kugadziriswa kwemutemo wekuita kuti mashoko wezvokutengeserana pakati pemarudzi? Has kuti akachinjwa dzinokosha mamiriro ezvinhu anotipa zvinhu?

Chimwe chikonzero ndiyo Kuwedzera pfupi Implementation ari siyana pazvinoitwa (kusanganisira raiitwa) zvakasiyana-siyana zvemagetsi yokukurukura, uyewo kubudiswa uye kuchinjwa mapepa. Kushandiswa Fax, telex, Internet pomumbure yekudyidzana mhanyisa kubudiswa uye kutapurirana zvemari, chokufambisa, kutumirwa magwaro, invoices uye zvichingodaro. D.

Uye kwave kuchinja nzira kutakura zvinhu. Somugumisiro rationalization zvakagadzirwa vava kuwanika marudzi akadaro vachizvitakudza, ari chinjikira vakavhengana vachidzikisa vachizvitakudza, zvifambiso vachishandisa midziyo.

The itsva shanduro "Incoterms" vakanga akatsanangura uye nharo mazwi kuti zviite kunzwisisa uye kuverenga avo vakanga huri gwaro pamberi. yakasiyana zvachose nzira pamharidzo rakaiswa. Tsanangudzo All uye mamiriro zviri hunhu audzwa.

The concretization rokuti "dzinokosha mamiriro ezvinhu zvitengeswa." Kutarisisa

In hurukuro idzva muna 2000 dzinokosha ezvinhu chokuendesa nhumbi panguva kwemamiriro kutengwa uye kutengeswa wezvokutengeserana chibvumirano wokumwe kutsanangura zvakawanda zvakananga panguva yezwi mutengi varidzi yacho chigadzirwa. It ava zvichibvira kumativi maviri rakarurama kupfuura nhoroondo yokubata netsaona kukuvara kana kurasikirwa nhumbi.

Dzakaonda kunze nokubatira yavose vaviri. Yoga rwakaiswa nokubatira mutengesi, uye mutengi. Gadzirisa maviri zvichirehwa rokuti "pakukurukura". Muchiitiko chokutanga mutengesi wacho mitoro zvinonyorwa panzvimbo Payakapera, uye wechipiri mhosva ndivo mutengi vayo sevanakomana.

Zvino mutengi uye mutengesi pa kwemamiriro chibvumirano, Tipewo kana ivo kushandisa zvazviri makurukuriro zvachose kana nevamwe ndishushikane. kusarudza kuona mamiriro ezvinhu First vanoramba kuti mutengi.

A inzwi kusvika kurudyi kunonyanya Mutongo kunotema remangwana nzira yose dzakawanda dzaishandiswa kutengeserana uye kunobatsirei, izvo zvichaita naipolneyshey, kana iwe unogona taurirana kuti kubudiswa magwaro uye zvinhu hurukuro kune dzimwe nyika mari uye vakaronga dzimwe counterparty.