Chii ziso? Ko ziso riri mumuviri womunhu?

Kugona kutora mashoko pamusoro nyika kuburikidza chiratidzo - kupfuura zvinoshamisa uye anobatsira dzevanhu nemano. We rabva mufananidzo chii chiri kuitika, sezvinoita pikicha. Ziso ndiwo "Manyiminya mudziyo", iro anotibvumira kuona nyika uye kuti atumire mashoko nezvazvo.

Eyes - chitunha chomunhu

Maererano vanachiremba, kubva 70 kusvika 80% mashoko tinoona nemaziso. The Manyiminya hurongwa ziso, sezvinonzi kamera ane dzinokosha chiedza chokunyengera zvigadziriswe akaratidza kubva chinhu, uye Vachiona akawana mashoko. Saka chii maziso uye sei kuronga yedu maziso?

The dehenya womunhu muviri iri mu zvigadziko. in aya inoumbwa mapfupa akawanda, kusanganisira yokumusoro shaya, achikanganisa serin'i, latticed, zygomatic, frontal. Ziso nezvigadziko ari chepiramidhi, muromo rakatarisana iri cranial mhango, uye pano ndivo kuona gwara uye kutarisana slots kuburikidza iyo kukurukurirana tsinga uye nhumbi nhengo ropa.

Chii ziso? Ichi muviri idenderedzwa ane dhayamita vanenge 24-25 neMM, iyo izere mvura mukati uye ine anoshongwa matatu. Movement yeziso nokuda basa tsandanyama nhanhatu: rokumusoro, yakaderera, mukati, wokunze, okumusoro oblique skew. Kuti mudziyo chishongedzo kunosanganisirawo namafungiro, eyelashes, nevagari vayo. Usakanganwa pamusoro lacrimal shwanu, inova chakavanzika crow uye pakudaro moistens pechiso ziso.

Nemamiriro yeziso

Ndeipi ziso tichitarisa zvipenyu? Ndiwo ari nhengo kuona, iro yakazara mvura yakachena. Eye kufukidza membranes vatatu: sclera, choroid uye the retina. Basa zvikuru kuona chimiro ziso, mufananidzo iyo kunoratidzwa pazasi.

Sclera - panonyanyisa ziso. It anoita unodzivirira basa, asiwo mugove pamberi zvikonzero cornea, riri chinobatanidzwa mumuviri ane Manyiminya midziyo. At kumuganhu cornea uye sclera ndiyo limbus nzvimbo yakakodzera.

The choroid iri yonhuwa midziyo yakawanda, ane basa iri simba muviri wose. Izvi Kamudzira siyana ciliary kana ciliary muviri (mhasuru), ndiro basa kuchinja curvature pamusoro izvo, i.e., nokuti pokugara. Uyewo rinobva choroid ndiye Iris, iro rine buri pakati - mboni. Ruvara Iris zvikuru kunotema ruvara kwemaziso pachavo vane shava, mutema, vachena kana zvitema.

The retina - ndiye mukati ziso. Pano dziri ziso pigments rinoumbwa petsvimbo uye pasikweya, izvo basa maonero uye mufananidzo. Chaizvoizvo, retinal pakutanga akaumba chifananidzo inverted, mashoko iyo zvino chakasvitswa kune occipital nzvimbo cerebral cortex.

The Iris anokamura nharaunda pakati cornea uye izvo kupinda makamuri maviri: rimwe mberi uye shure izvo akazara aqueous zvinosetsa. Mabasa kuti mvura zvinovaka muviri ari izvo uye cornea, uyewo paakamedura chiedza danda.

Huru ziso pigments

The Manyiminya hurongwa ziso runoita kunzwisisa ruvara mufananidzo masikati uye vatema uye chena usiku. Nokuti yokutanga mutoro hurongwa hwakadai pasikweya. Vazhinji vavo wevasungwa uri munzvimbo yacho corpus luteum mbeu, iro rinonyanya ruzhinji chiedza akapiwa.

Zvinotevera pigments vari pasikweya:

1. Eritlab - ndiye omumwe noruvara rutsvuku uye tsvuku.

2. Hlorolab - ndiye omumwe uswa chakarondedzera chiedza.

3. iodopsin - ndiye omumwe chando zvitema uye Violet kwerima guru.

Murima pasikweya kurega basa, uye panzvimbo pavo basa seinä yaisanganisira. zvivako izvi kuumba mufananidzo-chena dema-uye, uye ruvara rwacho kuti anokonzera payo, inonzi rhodopsin. Zvinonzi zvakaratidza kuti vanhu vane havachaoni zvakanaka kuona nani murima.

Chii ziso sechinhu Manyiminya hurongwa?

Kuratidza mufananidzo pamusoro the retina weziso vanofanira yakarova chiedza danda kunooneka kubva chinhu. danda iri refracted uye chakabatikana pachishandiswa kunzwisisa Manyiminya midziyo ziso. Chii Zvivako ayo anoumba?

Mukuru mwero refraction ane cornea. Ndirwowo mamiriro rokutanga munzira chiedza danda. Kupfuurirazve nepano mboni uye refracted zvishoma nokuda yezwi chacho svikiro, sezvo ari mumasero Ziso aqueous zvinosetsa. Next, chiedza refracted zvakare kana totaura izvo ziso.

Kazhinji, bango chiedza kusvika corpus luteum mbeu iri the retina. Kana chinotaura asati asvika the retina, pane chirwere - myopia. Kana chiedza weveta nzvimbo yacho the retina, pane kure-kwehurumende. Ndizvo ziso, uye chii mashandiro anoitwa pasi nhengo nokuona.