Chii vasakukurwa utava, kukukurwa-mambure okubatisa hove

Driftnet hove - ichi hove, iro rinoitwa drifters - rokuredza midziyo. Ngarava iri kukukurwa pamusoro dzenzvimbo uye mhepo, pamwe neketani refu kwazvo, anonzi vasakukurwa-mambure murayiro, kana akayangarara network, vachiita chete hurongwa. Networks inogona kusvika 50 km. network aya kutamira kubata hove. Kudiwa vasakukurwa utava wamuka chokuita kudiwa kugadzirwa mamwe hove kuti zvinochengetwa dzakati. Nenzira iyi, akatakurwa Tuna hove, rakatorwa Sarimoni, mackerel uye herring.

samambure Features

Vasakukurwa (kana ruchiyerera) pamusoro pomumbure anomiririra netting kuti hove kwete pezvinhu somuganhu, saka yepasi kuminyuka zvakasimba, zvakasimba Varasa imomo pasina mukana yokupukunyuka. Rectangular vakaparadzana network 10-12 M kureba uye 30 metres urefu chokuita pamwe chete chete hurongwa vasakukurwa, izvo uve hwaro tambo-mutungamiri uye buoys uye floats kutsigira hurongwa pane imwe kudzika. Shandisa driftnets nokuti maindasitiri kugadzirwa kubva drifters hove.

zvakashandiswa

Catchability giya anoenderana zvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira mashoko uye pakukora rwebhuruu, sero saizi, ruvara, achiwana padandemutande rebounds. Kana iwe yamboshandiswa miriwo pemavara, kusanganisira donje, kubva yakakoswa mutsvuku, asi zvino zvikuru inowanzoshandiswa zvakawanda Zvinokosha zvakaisvonaka uye catchability hove mimbure zvinhu zvenaironi uye zvinhu zvenaironi, amilanovye uye yakafanana fibers nevanhu.

Ratidza yakakwirira kunyatsoshanda utava monofilament hove (chiredzo), saka anonzi Zhilkova. The chikuru mukana giya mashoko ari pachena yavo. Kunyange masikati uchibata kunyatsoshanda chaizvo mumvura yakachena, apo zvakanaka kupendwa richikurukura nezvimwe vanogona unozvidzinga kure hove. Mukuwedzera, vane wakakwirira Rigidity kupfuura vakamonyanisa pemavara hunotsigira pajira riya anombotwasanudza, haibvumiri emimbure kuti vavhiringika tisasvibiswa. Kunyange zvazvo Rigidity ikakuruma zvakaoma kushanda navo uye kunowedzera, vachikumbira zvikuru nzvimbo nechepamusoro.

Mhando Structural kuti network

Maererano mamiriro ayo kuti ndibate mano kunogona chete-norusvingo dakashwa, kaviri-akavakirirwa kana trójścienna. Okupedzisira maviri mhando vanonzi "shinda tsvina." Ndicho inonyatsobudirira hove trójścienna Network zvinosanganisira matatu mifananidzo netting. Kunze chiri krupnoyacheynye jira rinonzi rezhyu (ryazhyu, rezhoy), uye pakati ndiyo chastik zvidiki (Del). Matandira All vatatu Vakasimwa imwe rebounds, asi chastik ine mukuru urefu uye riri pakati dzokunze akaturikidzana pamwe yakawanda kuvashivirira. Achipfuura rezhu, hove kungodzungaira Chastikov kupinda netting bhegi. Double-nemasvingo ine micheka maviri masero inosiyana uye zvinobatsira panyaya kana kuzivikanwa idivi ndiyo hove.

Nokuti vasakukurwa-mambure okubatisa hove iri zvinowanzoshandiswa mambure hove zvinhu zvenaironi monofilament kana zvinhu zvenaironi monofilament. Rebounds vakadzikawo zvinhu zvenaironi. Inonyatsobudirira trójścienna wakatsetseka network.

Mhando kuvakwa zvirevo kukukurwa

Networks zvinogona kwakabatana pamwechete nenzira dzakasiyana. Kune mhando nhatu huru: nyore, pamwe rokumusoro kana kuderedza mutungamiri. Ari mumhenderekedzo yegungwa ubvise inogona kushandiswa nyore duku mirairo, asi pamatunhu mumakungwa kunoda kupfuura akasimba design, saka kuti pamwe vatungamiri vakashandisa inonzi kuvimbika uye rakavimbika murayiro.

nyore nzira

Nokuti muduku vasakukurwa yacho kuti dzimwe nguva vanongoita batanidza wandei vakaparadzana network iri dzinotevedzana pakati yakaderera uye yokumusoro priuhami. Saka kuwana nyore hurongwa vasakukurwa. It rinoshandiswa madhamu uye mumhenderekedzo yegungwa dzoga, diki webasa. Kakawanda, izvozvo zvinosanganisira chete ane 15-20 network, asi kana achitora zvakawanda, vose haapfuuri 1-1.5? Km.

On snoods Buoy buoys vasiyana Kurongeka uye chengeta yerera. The aida pamwero rikaiswa nokuchinja Kureba streamer. Bottom rezvebonde kwakanyanya, vachiisa mutoro munzvimbo dzapasi vakasarudzwa. On mativi ose kuti vane uyewo ottugi. kuguma kwavo pamberi iri richengetwe ane kuvhara - tambo, izvo anoenda zvakananga chikepe uye shure ottugi podmayachnym chokuita pakuguma - netambo wakaiswa kuti yechiedza. bhikoni ichi (kana pendant rambi, akatasva Buoy ine kuwedzera) rinoratidza apo muitiro inoguma.

Kuronga murayiro wakadaro nyore, asi kwenguva refu network, uye kunyanya kushandiswa pamatunhu mumakungwa, haisi akakodzera. Makakatanwa network panguva vasakukurwa chaizvo, saka zvakadaro urongwa murayiro anogona patsanura kubva mudziyo kana ichaparadzwa.

kugadzwa mutungamiri

To kuderedza ngozi breakage, vakashandisa unonzi mutungamiriri - gobvu tambo, iyo wanamatira nzira vose pamusoro. Fisheries kunosanganisira pooling pamwechete 100-150 network. Makakatanwa pamwe vasakukurwa chakaita kuti yakavimbika mutungamiri, kwete emimbure pachavo. The nomumwe rezvebonde dzakabatanidzwa kwete chete kune mumwe asiwo kune mutungamiri, iyo runogonesa magadzirirwo.

Mutungamiri pachake unogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu: mutungamiriri, iyo chemabhazi (kupaka) magumo kuti riine ngarava uye podmayachny magumo nokuda asunga Lighthouse. Zvakaratidza kuti mutungamiriri, inoti pomumbure wanamatira ngarava. Kuisa mugumo ndiyo yakasimba. Kureba inogona kusvika 200-500 metres, izvo hakubvi chete pamusoro udzamu kuti plunges hurongwa asiwo mamiriro yegungwa uye mhepo simba.

Kana mharidzo rinoitwa kuti network marasirwa mutungamiri. Izvi zvinoita kuti pamamwe ari kugadzirwa rikurumidze. Kunze kushandiswa michina, mutungamiri kudzora makakatanwa-chokubvisa kuti kuderedza kunyanya kusawirirana kana zvakakodzera.

Features mutungamiri

Zvichienderana magadzirirwo Kubata uye mhando mudziyo akaratidza aida kureba streamer mitsetse kuti zvakakunakira kusarudza kukukurwa utava: mutungamiriri anosarudzwa malgoger, uye pomumbure vanofanira kusvika akasarudzwa nzvimbo pamusoro puranga, snoods chete kuti kupa zvakakodzera kure. On midziyo duku iri mamita 1.5-2 chete, uye anogona kusvika 10 m.

Nokuti kuti makakatanwa ari mutungamiri sezvo chinhambo kubva yechiedza kusvikira ngarava ipfupi, mutungamiriri kazhinji kuita chine, kuderedza pakukora tambo. Uyezve, akazoita Mari kurongeka uye anoderedza kurema hurongwa. Asi hazvirevi sag akazviratidza kurutivi kuguma pomumbure nokuda yakaderera udzikamise, dzimwe nguva kune yechiedza kuwedzera imwe drogue kana yokugadziridza chinhambwe pakati buoys.

Hurongwa repasi mutungamiri

Nokuti sangano iri kuti vamwe vasakukurwa mambure pasi mutungamiri akabatana kuva chete chairema uye nokuda okumusoro priuhi, asi pasi emimbure yose murayiro ndiye mutungamiri. Hwakabatana flow Via snoods vozhakovymi bystrorazvyazyvaemyh nodes. Yerera kuitira kuchengetedza buoys kuti streamer Rwonzi vasiyana Hudyu network kana kuti pamusoro kusarudzwa. Kubva Kureba streamer mutsetse zvinoenderana network kunyudza udzamu. Mamwe Zviidzo nechepasi usiri mutemo, sezvo mutoro pachayo anoshumira mutungamiriri, achitambanudza Network.

Shandisa nzira iyi isina kudzika yakadzika, kunyura ari richikurukura 30-40 m. Zviri nyore kuti ishande. Nokuti vymetki uye mharidzo kuti kushanda chete vozhakovymi bazi mitsetse, hapana dzichikunetsa pamwe masimbi.

Nzira chete pamusoro mutungamiri

Kana zvakakodzera hove panguva huru pakadzika anowanzoshandiswa hurongwa pamwe pamusoro mutungamiri. Muchiitiko chino, chobudira pamusoro pemambure. Snoods Buoy wanamatira nayo, dzimwe nguva yokusvika kureba kupfuura zana mamita. Kwakabatana pakati buoys tambo-anobatsira zvakabudiswa nyore. Vozhakovye streamer Rwonzi chokuita pamusoro kusarudzwa kana priuhami network. Nechepasi tambo zvakakodzera kuwedzera vachizvitakudza muchimiro kukandira simbi zviyereso.

Shandai zvakawanda kunzwisisa nzira pane kushandisa pasi mutungamiri, sezvo zvakafanira kuronga downloads, uye mamwe nzeve inoda Buoy chevaimbi. Zvisinei, yakadaro vasakukurwa-mambure okubatisa hove - chiri kuitwa kana hove panguva huru pakadzika. Panyaya iyi, rezasi mutungamiri vangatonyengetera kana mharidzo kana vanga makakatanwa pamusoro pomumbure, zvisinei haana kushanda. Kuwedzera zvazvakanakira pamusoro mutungamiri anogona kuwedzerwa sezvo damping jerks kubva buoys, saka nemambure huchava kudzikama. The marapirwo ndiyo ngozi kuparadzana pakati displacer iri guru nemafungu.

Kutaura zvazviri, dzimwe nguva aishandisa midwater kuti tizive zviri mumwe kana mumwe hove. Nokuti ichi kazhinji pave mhando chinoumbwa kuti mirairo.

Kukuvadza kubva pakushandisa driftnets

Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, yezvokutengeserana hove kushandisa vasakukurwa mambure hakubvumidzwi. Saka, regai kuzvishandisa muna North Pacific, kuramba mumatanda dzimwe mhuka hove. A pamwero mukuru vasakukurwa-mambure okubatisa hove hakubvumidzwi ne UN General Assembly pachena mvura munyanza. Research hove anobvumirwa network vakadaro, asi mukana uyu kakawanda kushungurudzwa. Kunyange hapana chakakwana kurambidzwa vasakukurwa-mambure hove, asi vakatobatana isai mapfupi kumwedzi, uye mitemo vamwe iri mhando hove.

The vasakukurwa-mambure kazhinji kubatwa zvomumvura mhuka neshiri gungwa, iyo zvino kufa. Numbers tinodzitya. Saka, chete kuFar East ari Russian upfumi mapazi nokuda kwayo vakauraya vanopfuura zviuru 100. Shiri 2.5 zviuru. Mhuka pagore. Uye salmonid vanhu pachavo vari kuderedzwa.

Chimwe kutyisidzira kunokosha mafungiro vehove. Saka kazhinji mined sockeye - chinokosha pamusoro Sarimoni, uye navamwe hove, kusanganisira yokupara sockeye Sarimoni, dzimwe mhando Sarimoni, pink Sarimoni uye Chum Sarimoni nyore akandwa mugungwa. Kwakadaro Kutenga ungwandangwanda chinangwa kuwanda hove, iri kutyora mirayiro hove.