AC simba. DC uye AC iyezvino

Chero munhu anenge asarudza kushanda zvemagetsi ouinjiniya somunhu basa, tinofanira zvakanaka kunzwisisa chii mune matsime romugove, uyewo zvinhu zvavo uye kusiyana. Kutaura zvazviri, hapana kuoma, sezvo isu tigokuzivisai munyaya ino.

Zvakaoma kufungidzira sei kuti kutarira nyika ano inonyangarika ake yemagetsi simba uye anoenderana midziyo yemagetsi. Zvichida, vanhu vachiri angashandisa chiutsi injini uye tsandanyama simba mhuka uye hama dzavo. Mumwe anogona kutaura chaizvo uyo kutanga vawana magetsi simba: somuenzaniso, spinners muSiriya yekare vaishandisa rinopenya pfuma magnetized (yakafadza), Aristotle akaedza kuongorora yaibvira yemagetsi Ray, asi chii nezvengozi mheni yave kuzivikanwa kubva pakuvamba kwenyika (hazvishamisi mamwe marudzi vainamata kwaari).

Magetsi ari emarudzi maviri - AC uye DC. Musiyano uyu imhaka ayo pakugadzirira nzira. Nokudaro, AC simba panobva inopa kuitika wokutanga mhando uye chenguva - wechipiri. Nenzira, pano weboka mu "rokutanga - wechipiri" conditionally. In magetsi engineering, rinoshandiswa sechiratidzo simba nerubatsiro AC uye DC. Ngatikurukurei kuyeuka zvimwe dzidziso.

Chero zvemagetsi razvino chinomirira sangano pakati mhosva nezvimedu rinotungamirirwa achitevedza conductive zvinhu pamusoro electromotive simba EMF. External chiito zvichienderana zvimwe maerekitironi panguva dzokunze kutenderera maatomu, nesimba rakawanda zvakakwana kukunda kukwezvana ari musimboti. Somugumisiro, pane rusununguko vatariri vatakuri - maerekitironi uye ions. Maererano nomurayiro kuchengetedza simba, mumwe muitiro rwokuzvarwa recombination nezvimedu kubva akapoteredza maatomu ari zvakachinjikwa nzvimbo. Pasina kwokunze inofambiswa nemamiriro acho anomutswa. Zvisinei, kana muitisi zvakabatana ndimo electromotive simba, munda vanowanika avaudza kuti recombination mugwara - magetsi. AC chaizvoizvo anomiririra jenareta emf Vector ane dzidziso dzinosiyana-siyana nenguva kuchinjwa. Saka zita "shanduka '. AC simba nerubatsiro kakawanda hunomiririrwa urwu kukwanisa - emagetsi vemazuva simba miti kubereka chaizvo rakatumbuka ano. Vanonyanya yakavimbika ichishanda uye nyore kuramba, kupfuura nomuteresi muenzaniso DC. Madhayagiramu AC manyuko simba kazhinji varehwa denderedzwa rine chinozunguzirwa mukati. chinozunguzirwa ichi - chifananidzo kwokufananidzira munhu sine wave wave.

AC kunobva unobereka kwebasa nezvimedu kwete chete kuchinja mirayiridzo, asi "zvinoyangarara" simba ukoshi. Munotapira sinusoid kunoratidza kuti nguva nenguva kukosha ichipfuura razero.

On yakasiyana zvachose musimboti yakavakirwa DC simba. Unhu kondakita chenguva yemagetsi munda nenzira rokuumba achitaura kufamba rine PARTICIPLE mutariri. It runoonekwa kuti kuitika runoyerera kubva akanaka kune kunaka kuonana (kubva akanaka kune asina). Kutaura zvazviri, maerekitironi kufamba negwara risiri - kubva kubvisa kusvikira ndinoiitawo. Sezvo mutariri rimwe Erekitironi akaipa, kuti chirwere ane "kubvisa" chiratidzo inoratidza nekumwisa zvacho (saka yose mutariri). Zvichienderana nokuti wezvikamu oppositely mhosva nezvimedu vade mumwe, hazvina kuoma zvokufungidzira kuti maerekitironi kufamba kuburikidza muitisi kubva "kubvisa" munhu "uye ndinoiitawo". Vakabvumira chakagadzirwa kuchinja mamiriro ukoshi - iri kuitika harimiri kuva zvachose. Pane zvakawanda zvingaitwa siyana kutendeutsa zvakananga pari kupinda rakatumbuka (sine chinozunguzirwa emagetsi) ndiEzekieri (rectifiers, mazambuko).