Chii chinovhiringidza kuoma munyika?

Sokuziva, "kumutsa" uropi kubatsira muduku asi runonyengera Puzzles, kazhinji kunzi "Puzzles". Kazhinji matambudziko aya yezvakaita pane musoro pane akarongeka. Ndoupi musiyano? Chokwadi kuti pakugadzirisa dambudziko kwemasvomhu unofanira kushandisa, somunhu mutemo, mumwe kana kupfuura theorems, axioms kana Masvomhu kuyeuka. Musoro Puzzles , zvakare, muri akarongeka, asi ngatiite kukoshesa Puzzles kuti zvinoda unyanzvi kuagadzirisa, noupamhi mafungiro uye Abstract pangave kuwana mhinduro yakarurama.

Puzzles vakasiyana, asi hakuna mumwe chinokonzera vanhu vanopfuura miriyoni imwe kushanda kugadzirisa? Zvechokwadi, chinonetsa dambanemazwi munyika imomo! Gadzirirai achiparadza musoro wake, hakuna usiku.

The dambanemazwi yakaomesesa munyika; kurwa wevanamwari nevanhu

Chinonetsa basa anonzi inonzwisisika dambanemazwi dzataurwa nokuda American logician uye muzivi George Boulos. Wakatanga achidhindwa ari "Republic" iri Italian pepanhau 1992. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti kunyange Boulos akapa kuongorora pfungwa uye vanotambura yakafanana nyaya, akaisa dambanemazwi mhinduro. Saka zvine musoro zviri zvinotevera mabasa. Kune vanamwari vatatu vanoziva mumwe (Boulos proposes kushandisa A, B uye C kuitira): mwari nhema, mwari chokwadi uye mwari mhosva. Mwari anoti chokwadi chinhu asi chokwadi, nhema Mwari - chete chokwadi, mwari mhosva zvinogona kutaurwa sechokwadi uye nhema imwe zvemasanga nenzira. Tinofanira kuona ndiani uyo, chete nokubvunza mibvunzo mitatu, mhinduro hakungorevi "hongu" kana "kwete." mubvunzo mumwe anogona kuiswa chete mwari chete (bvunza zvachose havagoni kuva kurudyi). Vamwari kunzwisisa mutauro wevanhu, asi vanosarudza kuita hwake. Mumutauro wavo pane mashoko maviri - "ja" uye "mambo" uye isu hatizivi kuti shoko iri "kwete", uye sei "hungu."

The dambanemazwi yakaomesesa munyika: vamwe tsanangudzo

Boulos zvakare rakawedzerwa ezvinhu dambudziko zvishoma nokuwedzera pfungwa dzinotevera:

• Chete Mwari anogona kubvunza mubvunzo kupfuura mumwe. Saka, zvinogona kuitika kuti mumwe haazombovi chero.
• Mubvunzo unotevera inogona akagadzira chete pashure kugamuchira mhinduro yapfuura mumwe.
• nyaya Mwari anosarudza kupindura mubvunzo nokuda kanda ane mari, uri musoro wake.
• Mubvunzo- "kutsanangura" vanobvunza havabvumirwi Somuenzaniso, "Iwe zvino kupindura" ja "?

Chinonetsa dambanemazwi munyika, kutibatsira pakugadzirisa

Muzivi uye logician Boulos zvinganaka kutanga kuverenga kana mwari nhema kana chokwadi chaMwari. Unogona kushandisa zvakaoma pfungwa vavanozivana mubvunzo. Somuenzaniso, mibvunzo inotevera inogona kukumbirwa:

• Zvinorevei kuti "mambo" - iri "hongu", pasinei kuti iwe - Mwari wechokwadi, uye mune - kana mwari?
• Odd Ko uwandu mashoko echokwadi zvinotevera zvawanyora: "Da" rinoreva "hongu", iwe - mwari nhema, mu - mhosva mwari?

Saka, chinonetsa dambanemazwi zvinoda kuti iwe tanga kuona izvo mhinduro iri "hongu", uye iro - ". Kwete" Uyezve, pana ichi, unofanira kuenda mumwe vamwari. Zviya, unogona kuona imwe vamwari nyaya yokutanga (kana iwe vakashandisa mumwe anofungidzirwa nzira rwataurwa pamusoro). Hatidi kuzivisa zvose zvakavanzika mhinduro, nekuti chakaomesesa dambanemazwi mutambo unogona kuva chakanaka, kana iwe kufungisisa zvine musoro. Yeuka kuti iwe une mibvunzo miviri chete. Nekutaura dzakaoma nyaya. Mwari wokupedzisira, iwe uchava kutsanangura chirongwa kuchaitwa.