Chii chaita kudiwa chechi kuchinja muRussia? Ndezvipi acho?

In yechipiri yezana remakore rechi17 (Makore 1650-1660) muna Russia hombe-pamwero kuchinja akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze, initiator iyo yaiva Patriarch Nikon. Chinangwa charo chikuru chaiva kubatanidza tsika uye mhemberero dzechitendero pamwe Greek canons. Chii chaita kudiwa chechi kuchinja? Kutanga, zviri ezvaunoita nheyo zvose chechi vanhu Byzantine.

Chii chaita kudiwa chechi kuchinja?

Ava magumo 1640s wamambo bhishopi Moscow vakadzidza kuti muna Athos wemamongi akatora chiito pomoto mabhuku Moscow echitendero kuti akanzi vemanyepo. Chokwadi, chokwadi izvi zvikuru dzinoronga parutivi gavhuna, asi aisagona kuramba chokwadi chokuti chiitiko chaiva chikonzero chakanaka. Moscow mabhuku chechi vakanga zvinokosha zvikanganiso vari tsika uye zvinzvimbo. Patriarch akaona chii chakaita kudiwa iyi chechi kuchinja.

Kubvira muzana remakore rechi17, ukama nedzimwe nyika dziri kuramba vakabatikana, kuwedzera zvakajairika grekofilstvo. Kunyange mutongi Alexei Mikhailovich akanga ake mutsigiri nomwoyo wose. Aida kuunza chechi Russian maererano muchiGiriki. chido ichi chaiva kunonyanya kukonzerwa kudiwa kuchinja kereke rechi17.

Alexis zvakare vakatevera ane udyire zvinangwa, udyire. Aitarisira kuti rutapudzo yeRussian Church mu kubatana Greek kuzviita mumiririri waMwari panyika, kuti tiponese nyika kubva vokuTurkey, uye gare gare zvichabatsira mambo Constantinople.

Chimwe chinokosha chaiva chido kubatana Ruthenia. Paakanga ari mutariri choushe Constantinople. Saka, pakupindura mubvunzo: "Chii chakaita kuti kudiwa chechi kuchinja", vakadaro zvinokosha vangazivikanwa:

1. The pokugadzwa simba pamusoro Little Russia.
2. Kusimbisa nzvimbo mambo munyika.
3. Alignment pamwe echiGiriki canons tsika Russian.

Chronology paradzanisa

In February 1651 mutemo unanimity kwave raparurwa pashure imwe chechi guru kanzuru. Pakuvamba mumatemberi siyana yokunamata kutevera zvakasiyana murayiro.

• 21.02.1653 makore nzvimbo wakatangwa kutsiva chiratidzo chomuchinjikwa pamusoro dvuhperstnogo trehperstnoe.
• September 1653 - Avvakum mujeri mugomba. Gare gare, akanga zvachose akadzingirwa kuSiberia kutaundi Tobolsk.
• Mugore ra1654 - Nikon rinomirira mukana wokuti vanhu vanga Russian mabhuku chechi kubva muchiGiriki.
• 1656 - Church pamutemo mhosva dvuhperstnoe chiratidzo chomuchinjikwa uye kutuka avo vanoramba vakatendeka kwaari.
• 1667-1776 gore - mhirizhonga munyika. Old Vatendi kunge vakarwiswa machechi, waivatorera uye pfuma rinoparadza.
• 1672 - 2700 Old Vatendi vakaita kuzvidzora immolation muna Paleostrovsky wemamongi.
• January 6, na1681 - kumukira iyo yakarongwa Avvakum Petrov.
• 1702 - Peter 1 akasaina chirevo, maererano iyo matsime kutambudzwa Old Vatendi.

The chikuru zvechadenga kuchinja

Nokuti mabhuku echitendero chokuita Russia vakakokwa vashumiri kuGreece. basa ravo akanyatsomutarira akatarira ne Patriarch Nikon. Chero vasingabvumirani ake yakavimbika pfungwa airangwa pamwe kudzingwa uye kubviswa kubva pakukanganisa kururamisa mumabhuku. Huru kuchinja zvainanga nokuunza netsika Russian maererano Greek. Nikon zvakajeka fungidzira chii chakaita kudiwa chechi kuchinja uye akatsvaka kubatanidza zvose tsika uye mhemberero kuitika mumachechi ose ehurumende.

Maitiro vanhu kuchinja

Patriarch Nikon aikudzwa nokuda kwazvo nehasha uye kutsvinyirwa. vapristi vazhinji vakamutongera chinonyanyisa uye vaimupikisa. Saka, panguva kanzuru zvaaigona kuwana kubvarura nguo uye kunyange vakarova pachena mabhishopi. Kutonga kwake zvakanga categorical, izvo zvakakonzera kushatirwa pakati pavanhu.

Muna cha1667, chisarudzo Grand Council of Moscow pakati Nikon Akabviswa nokuda nemaune kusiya papurupiti ake.