Cheboksary GES: mapikicha, nhoroondo, zvakamubaya zvakatipoteredza

History Cheboksary GES hwakada zvakanyatsobatana nhoroondo guta iro rakanga rakavakwa. Zvingava musoro kufunga kuti tiri kutaura pamusoro Cheboksary (pashure HPP - Cheboksary). Zvisinei, hazvina kudaro; guta Simba riri kuonekwa Novocheboksarsk. Mukuwedzera, hydropower nhepfenyuro chikamu chikuru chirongwa network, agamuchirwa rokupedzisira remakore. ichi zvose, uye kwete chete zvichava kunzi hereinafter.

Cheboksary HPP pamusoro gumi "Big Volga"

Under zvitema matenga, vakakomba pachisikirwo Chuvashia, mukati mitema munzvimbo pamahombekombe ari Volga River, vashoma chete kubva muguta guru pamuviri kuvakwa Cheboksary HPP (Hydroelectric simba) muna 30-ies remakore rapfuura. Zvinofanira akati kuti hapana akanga aronga kuvaka yemapurisa. Paiva ubate "Big Volga", iro akatungamirirwa purofesa AV Chaplygin. Maererano nezano kutarisirwa kuvaka gumi nevaviri Hydroelectric, pakati pavo - Cheboksary simba chirimwa (ona pazasi mufananidzo.). Izvi dzemapurisa ichimbosangana kwete chete simba chizvarwa asiwo kusika vose yakadzika nzira, dzaibatanidza gungwa yakadai White, reBaltic, Black uye reCaspian. The creators pamusoro kwazvo uye zvose-mubatanidzwa vaite kuronga uye kungwarira pakutevedzera chirongwa ichi.

Plan "Big Volga" muchiito

Nechekare pamberi 1940s akavaka hydro 3 pa10 (Ivankovo, Uglichskaya uye Rybinskaya chiteshi). Uye kuvaka. Zvisinei, basa racho aifanira ribviswe: Mukuru Patriotic War.

Mumakore pashure pehondo, chirongwa "Great Volga" rave rakadzokororwa uye kwave kuchiita kuchinja. Panzvimbo 10 Hydroelectric urongwa vaifanira kuvaka 13, kureva kunze nhepfenyuro katatu kare chakavakwa, pamuviri zvakasikwa ari pamusoro Volga River 6 mamwe Hydroelectric simba miti, uye pamusoro Kama - 4. Cheboksary GES akamira mumutsetse kuti vakaronga kuvaka pakarepo pashure Gorki, Kuibyshev uye Volgograd zvechitima.

makiromita Four pazasi Cheboksary

In 50-ies "Hydroenergoproject" (Institute, kukudziridza zvirongwa) akapa basa - kuvakira Hydroelectric chirimwa mune Cheboksary Pihtulino nzvimbo - yake inogara (a zvimiso urongwa maonero kworwizi nharaunda pamusoro izvo zvinoumba mai). Zvisinei, kamwe zvakare urongwa havana achaiswa ichizadzika.

Gumi nerimwe chete pazasi Cheboksary

Mune 60s hofisi "Hydroenergoproject" iri Kuibyshev akaruramisa kusarudzwa zviri kunangiswa (pachinzvimbo akasarudza Pihtulinskogo Elnikovsky) uye Kuwanikwa dzinokosha zvivako Cheboksary Station, uyewo kururamiswa akabata dura chechetere chiratidzo (wakaiswa kuti 68 mamita).

guta Power

Pamberi Implementation pakati pakuvaka Cheboksary Hydroelectric simba vakatanga kuvaka itsva Mugari pfungwa pedyo Cheboksary pamusoro Volga rwizi. Mumwe rakatumidzwa Sputnik, taundi duku pedyo guru. Asi iye akakurumidza akakura uye kupararira, kusanganisira musha waiva pedyo. Zviya, kana chinhu chakatangwa muna 1960, muguta rake mamiriro akaita vakanochengeta muna 1965. Young shamwari aida kupa zita Illichivsk, asi achinja pfungwa dzavo, uye guta rakava Novocheboksarsk (kana zita rinoreva rinoshandurwa kubva Chuvash mutauro, ichi mutsva Cheboksary). Zvino ndiro yechipiri pakukura guta munyika mushure guru.

nhoroondo mhenyu

Nokuda kuti Novocheboksarsk akakurumidza rakawedzerwa nemiganhu yayo, iye nyore aumba chivako yakaoma, izvo kwete chete akavaka dzinogarwa nzvimbo pamwechete kwezvivako, asiwo mubasa rokuvaka indasitiri. Pakati iyo, chokwadi, iri Cheboksary GES pamusoro matatu. Naizvozvo Novocheboksarsk unowanzonzi guta simba mainjiniya. Zvinofanira akati sezvo dzakavamba Novocheboxarsk nhoroondo guta riri mune kufanana munhoroondo Hydroelectric simba uye dzakarukwa nayo:

• 1960 - gore nheyo Novocheboxarsk. Mugore iroro bazi Kuibyshev "Hydroenergoproject" anovandudza kuchinja aripo purogiramu pakuvaka Cheboksary Hydroelectric simba chechitima.
• Muna 1963, ose yakabvumira kugadziriswa kwemutemo wekuita vari pamutemo kushanda, zvichiguma nezve kumbosendeka rokuvaka hydropower zvinomera zviri Elnikovsky chipfuro (kuti zvechokwadi munguva yemberi Novocheboksarsk).
• Muna 1965 Novocheboksarskaya paakavapa guta mamiriro.
• Muna 1967 isu akasika Department kuti Control rokuvaka uye kutungamirira Directorate HPP. Hydroelectric Construction Union akataura.
• Kubvira 1968, kutanga rokutanga kushanda uye anokosha kugadzirira pakuvaka hydropower. Building akanga zvishoma kunonoka.
• Chete muna 1973 pamusoro yemberi yemapurisa iri pasi kongiri mabasa.
• Muna 1980 rwunotanga unoshanda wokutanga nokuparadzirwa substation HPP (OSG).
• Muna November wegore iroro riri Volga bindepinde uye mberi nebasa ravo, uye pazuva rokupedzisira regore kanda wokutanga hydraulic chikwata panguva kumativi 61 meters (kubva 68).
• Kubva 1981 kusvika 1986, 17 Hydroelectric dzakabatana dziri kupinzwa kushanda.
• Powerhouse rakapera zvakawanda nokuda 1985-mü uye kuvakwa chinokosha zvivako Hydroelectric akapedza 1986.

Cheboksary Hydroelectric simba chirimwa - nhoroondo mupenyu, nekuti kukura basa uye upenyu chechitima paruchaitika meso vairarama, ayo inoshanda, zvechokwadi anobereka zvibereko chete Chuvashia, asiwo nyika yose. Zvisinei, Hydroelectric ichi pane dambudziko rakakomba kuti yakabuda musi pakurigadzira uye yasara unsolved.

Makumi matanhatu navasere mamita

Ndinofanira kutaura kuti, pasinei uwandu basa achiitiswa uye kwemakore 35 basa kubatsira reRepublic uye nyika, kuvakwa Hydroelectric simba chirimwa (HPP Cheboksary) haisati yapera, uye zviri pamutemo haina kuisa kushanda. Chikonzero ndechokuti nhasi unoshanda Hydroelectric dhamu iri chiratidzo mamita 63 pane 68.

Pane zvikonzero zvine musoro kunoshanda chiratidzo 68: ndicho inokanganisa ari Cheboksary Hydroelectric simba yemapurisa zvakatipoteredza. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kukwidza huwandu dura achaita anoverengeka zvinetso Chuvash Republic, Republic of Mari El uye Nizhny Novgorod nharaunda. Pakati pavo akaona zvichiita mafashamo nzvimbo, kuderera kwezvirongwa kwemvura yokunwa, kuparadzwa pemiganhu, munhu zvinobvira kwezvakatipoteredza njodzi, kukuvara zvokurima uye foresitiri yakaoma. Kweanopfuura makore 35, zvinosuwisa, dambudziko iri haawani ayo mhinduro.

Pari, muridzi zvivako zvose Cheboksary Hydroelectric simba chirimwa ndiyo kambani "RusHydro".