Celled zvinomera: mienzaniso uye unhu

Utachiona All Pasi vanokamurwa muzvikwata zviviri guru - cellular uye non-cellular. Ekupedzisira zvinosanganisira chete nemavhairasi, asi kune wekutanga - zvose zvimwe zvipenyu. Sero zvingava eukaryotic (vane nemamiriro sero musimboti) kana prokaryotic (makirisito is). Ekupedzisira vanomirirwa utachiona, uye vokutanga kuti zvinosanganisira mamwe mapoka zvose nezvisikwa. Sechivako vakawanda vavo rinoumbwa masero akawanda, asi mune boka iri zvipenyu chete-celled, zvinomera, notumwe kunyange mhuka. Ekupedzisira zvinosanganisira amoeba, ciliates, notumwe - mbiriso, Mucor, Penicillium.

The nemamiriro chete-celled chirimwa masero

Utachiona ava eukaryotes, kureva, avo DNA ari musimboti, iro rine unodzivirira basa. Kufanana chirimwa masero ose, ane chaiyo organelles zvakadai vacuoles uye plastids. Uyewo pane mamiriro avo kuchibva mitochondria, lysosomes, ribosomes, Golgi midziyo uye endoplasmic reticulum, kureva chine organelles, mureza pamusoro eukaryotes zvose.

basa organelles

Mitochondria vaite rimwe mabasa anokosha muchitokisi - Ivo zvibereko simba upenyu zvose zvirimo. Lysosomes ndivo anokonzera intracellular kugaya nezvinovaka muviri. Mabasa vari ribosomal mapuroteni usage kubva nomumwe amino acids.

The Golgi synthesize mamwe mamorekuru uye arongwe zvose dzakabudirira muchitokisi zvokunyama.

Endoplasmic reticulum iri muzvirongwa muviri, kuunganidza zvicherwa synthesizing lipids uye phospholipids. Organelles zvinongowanikwa kudyara masero, uye kuita zvakafanana zvinokosha mabasa. In nedanho photosynthesis kunoitika chloroplasts, vacuoles uye ishande tangi basa kuti sero zvisingakoshi zvinhu.

Celled zvirimwa. mienzaniso

mhando iyi zvinenge zviri algae kirasi. Chinonyanya unoshamisa muenzaniso chinhu chimwe-celled zvirimwa chlamydomonas. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira chlorella uye nekuve diatoms.

STRUCTURAL zvinhu

Celled zvirimwa zvakasiyana kwemarudzi vane zvavo nevamwe zvinhu. Kunyange zvose ine sero rimwe chete, asi ave oga chaiyo maitiro avo.

Chlamydomonas - yakakurumbira mumiriri unicellular algae. Vakasiyana nevamwe pakuti ane organelles dzakadai chiedza-inonyatsoziva ziso, naro zvinenge anogona kusarudza pane zvakawanda rezuva simba nokuda photosynthesis. Asi, vakawanda chloroplasts vane imwe huru, inonzi chromatophores. Uyewo pane mamiriro avo kuchibva contractile vacuole. Vanoita sezvo pombi kuti kupomba zvakawandisa zvokunwa. Mukuwedzera, vane flagella mbiri, organelles kuti kubvumira muviri kufamba nenzira chiedza. Mumwe-celled zvirimwa - chlorella.

Kufanana Chlamydomonas, ivo uswa algae, asi havana chaiwo organelles zhinji kudaro, sezvo zvinenge zvataurwa pamusoro apa. masero dzavo - zvemo miriwo.

Diatoms kushanda chete-celled zvirimwa. Ivo chikuru chezvinonhuwira plankton kuti anogara guru zvitunha mvura. Vane chaiyo sero Kamudzira chinodzivirira muviri kubva kwokunze kwezvakatipoteredza. It rine yakasviba ine nesilicon, oxides esimbi, aruminiyamu nezvimwe yeimwe. Kubva vakasara anoshongwa vari aumba zvicherwa zvakawanda. Vazhinji miti chete-celled bereka nzira nokupesana. Utachiona All vakadaro kuwana zvinovaka muviri yavo kuburikidza photosynthesis, kureva ivo autotrophs.