Bristol Bay: tsananguro, features, mapikicha

Bristol Bay, imwe nzvimbo 83 sq. M. km riri kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva chikamu ari Bering Sea (nePacific Ocean) kumaodzanyemba-kumadokero kwemhenderekedzo Alaska. Muganhu wokuchamhembe ndiye Nyuenhem Cape, South - Alaska Peninsula uye chitsuwa Unimak, izvo akafukidzwa makomo uye kuputika nezvikomo.

mamiriro

Kuti tiwane Bristol Bay panyika mepu, unofanira kutanga kuwana kondinendi - North America. Uye kuchamhembe-dzokumadokero chikamu nzvimbo iyi mvura iri. Pamusuo Bay ane makubhiti 480? Km. Shipping ishoma, anogona kutora chete magwa vehove. Water nzvimbo "maronda" kure negungwa nokuda 320? Km. Depth iri paavhareji 27-55 metres, ari kupfuura mumudziyo, nhamba iyi yakawedzera kusvika 84. The munyanza Maze pamahombekombe - mumwe kumusoro munyika. dzimwe nguva kupfuura 10 mamita. A vazhinji Mangondo shoals wekushandisa zvakaoma, kunyanya panguva mhepo yakasimba uye kakawanda bvungapfunga, zvichiita nzvimbo nengozi chaizvo kuti ngarava huru.

Tarisai munhoroondo

zviuru gumi apfuura, Bristol Bay pamepu raiva duku zvikuru. Chikamu chikuru chake chaiva nyika vaiva biogeographical nharaunda - Beringia (nyika zambuko pakati Asia uye North America). Ipapo Alaska vakatanga kugara yakasvika - madzitateguru maIndia uye Paleo-Asiatics. Muna 1778 apo panopinda sezvayakawanikwa naJames Cook, uyo zita rokukudza Admiral Earl reBristol. Muna 1790 iye akaonekwa pamahombekombe panguva Russian kugarwa, uye mune yokutanga yezana XIX remakore - search bato Russian-American Company. Rakanga ipapo amutsvaka uye akatsanangura pamhenderekedzo panopinda nyika mugungwa, zvokuti mepu achiri mazita akawanda Russian.

Features

Kana ukaona Bristol Bay pamepu, unogona kuona kuti zvingava isina kupinda mapfumbamwe zvikuru nzizi: Cinder, Nushagak, Igedzhik, Kvichak nevamwe. Muromo vazhinji dzemvura uye zvitubu duku dziri pasi pasi-nhema kuchamhembe pamhenderekedzo uye yakadzika mvura munzvimbo. Rivers vakabva pamakomo. Uye panzvimbo dzapasi kunosvika zviri kuerera ari machakwi, chisango nharaunda. The Kudeuka Bay - Kvichak uye Nushagak.

ugari

The Kudeuka kumahombekombe nemisha - Dillingham, King Salmon uye Naknek. Zvavo zvachose nevanhu (maIndia, nevachena uye mestizos) hakurevi kupfuudza zviuru zvishanu. Misha Small vehove - the Inuit, Athabascan uye Aleuts - vakapararira kumativi nemhenderekedzo. Bristol Bay achiri anenge kuzivana budiriro. On Mahombekombe ayo hapana rwizi madhamu, Hydroelectric simba zvinomera uye dondo clearings. Uyewo kucherechedza ndechokuti hapana migwagwa. Just pamahombekombe musha vanhu vanenge 7500, uyo 66% Aboriginal.

Flora uye fauna of

Bristol Bay muNorth America pamwe miromo Nzizi vari munyika kupfuura sockeye Sarimoni zviri kukonzera, achiuya kwemavhiki mashoma mumwe muchirimo mari shiri mamiriyoni 30-40 pakati. Kunze kwayo, mumvura nzvimbo zviri kukonzera Chum uye coho uye Chinook. In yenzizi Rainbow zhinji uye grayling, kudya caviar sockeye. Senguva dzose hwokumusoro Pike, Rainbow naDolly Varden. Marine mhuka vanomirirwa zvisimbiso, walruses, gungwa otters, beluga uye muurayi hove huru.

Fauna uye kasvisto runowanzoitika kumahombekombe yezwi mapazi pakati taiga uye achinaya mvura. Mumasango uye anezvimiti zvinowanika mashava uye dema mabheya, beavers, porcupines, wolverines, otters, mapere, makava, nondo. In mvura inogarwa zhinji mhando waterfowl, uye pakati kupfuura carnivores - gondo pamhazha uye gondo pamhazha.

Fishing - nharaunda huru

Industries aimiririra yezvokutengeserana hove uye hove kubudiswa makambani, ichipa 75% mabasa mudunhu. mhando ina Sarimoni anogadzirwa pano, vanoumba 40% of maindasitiri hove muUnited States uye chetatu okuwana zvose muna Alaska mumvura. Bristol Bay kunokwezva vakawanda anglers (vanenge 37 zviuru. Per gore), musango kuvhima chiri kuitwa, uye gore negore inflow revashanyi achibva National Park "Katmai", riri pamhenderekedzo yokumaodzanyemba iri Alaska Peninsula.

zvicherwa

Kurutivi rwezasi pamahombekombe apo panopinda rakawanikwa deposits yemafuta uye gasi, asi nokuda kuvhiyiwa kwavo muna 1998. The moratorium yakanga yapa, wakasimbiswa muna 2014. Zvikuru ngozi ikoroji of Gulf ndivo urongwa hurungudo migodhi rakapiwa, pamhenderekedzo Akaongorora Geological anomalies, kusanganisira, zvichida, zvikuru ndarama zvangu uye mumwe makurusa deposits mhangura munyika. Maererano nenyanzvi ari Bristol Bay "anovanza" pasi penyika mamiriyoni 40 matani mhangura, 3300 - goridhe uye mamiriyoni 2,8 - molybdenum, anogona kuunza pakati 100 uye 500 bhiriyoni emadhora. Nepo mari Sarimoni hove iri $ miriyoni 120 pagore.

Nokuti kuchera ari aronga akachera gomba huru kusika zvizivikanwe nemichina uye ngozi nzvimbo madhamu akawanda raiva madhamu chepfu kuvaka mazana emakiromita migwagwa uye kuvaka simba chirimwa uye rakadzika-mvura pachiteshi. For maindasitiri mafomu zvinoda kusvika mamiriyoni 130 cubic metres mvura pagore, iyo ichaita kuti shallowing nzizi. kuchera vavengi anotaura chokwadi hove kuti ari renewable chinogona, nepo mumigodhi pakupedzisira dredged zviwanikwa uye kuparadza veko mararamiro.