Boris Feoktistovich Safonov, munhu Soviet murwi mutyairi: Biography, mibayiro, ndangariro

Boris Feoktistovich Safonov - ndiyo inozivikanwa muSoviet Union ane murwi mutyairi wendege. Pakutanga hondo (1941-1942 biennium). Akaita kunozivikanwa zvechokwadi yetsiva mishoni. Ndosaka Safonov - kutanga kaviri Hero of Soviet Union, chakabereka izvozvo zvepamusoro vari kuita mabasa ose murayiro.

Yaiva murume anoshamisa. It anonyatsorayiridzwa pamwe unyanzvi ari murwi Kugamuchira, mutsa uye kwazvo unyanzvi hwesangano. Boris Feoktistovich Safonov aiva anonyara uye nomwero zvakasikwa. Haana dundundu kwake kukunda, achishandisa chete mashoko akadai sokuti "tauya pasi", "takanga dzichibhururuka." Mukuwedzera, vazhinji vavo vakaparadza ndege muvengi Safonov zvikanzi munhoroondo mamwe masoja ake, sezvo ruponeso izvi asaiva magumo pachawo kwaari.

Biography

Tula Province, musha Siniavino - nzvimbo guta akaberekwa 08/26/1915 Boris Safonov. Baba namai ramangwana magamba aiva munhuwo vanhuwo zvavo.

Ndapedza pamwe chinokudza kubva chikoro makore manomwe, Boris akanyoresa pachikoro (chikoro kudzidziswa fekitari). chikoro ichi chinodzidzisa vanachiremba vanoziva locomotive bhizimisi. Muchikoro ichi, mukomana wevashumiri Vechiduku Communist League.

Zvimwe Boris Safonov, ane Biography kwainzi zvakajairika kuti zera rake, aizova railwayman. Zvisinei, Leninsky Koshanda, raakanga ari, akazivisa patronage yake ndege. Zvino zviuru majaya nemhandara vakamhanyira kudenga. Pakati pavo paiva Boris Feoktistovich Safonov. Akava nhengo denderedzwa, akarongeka pachikoro Osoviahima, akazova Tula Club rinobururuka. Zviri pano kuti ramangwana uto mutyairi wendege Safonov akatenga unhu kunodikanwa kwazvo mutyairi. Ichi nechivimbo uye kuzviriritira, kuranga uye kutsungirira.

Next, jaya vakabudirira vakapfuura kuongororwa wezvokurapa uye akava mudzidziri webasa mutyairi ari zvinobhururuka kirabhu kuti Tula. Iye kwave pakudzidza dzidziso zvevhu kunodzidziswa. Kunyange ndisati ndarara, vatorara, Boris pfungwa pamusoro achiyeukwa zvose zviri dashboard, riri mu ndege pamberi mutyairi. Saka ngadzirambe zivo yavo yawana mukirasi. Next vaiva Solo Flights ayo Safonov akaratidza tarenda rake hunoshamisa.

Tula dunhu - nzvimbo akazvarwa, akakura uye kudzidza ramangwana anaro ane murayiro, zvakanzi nokusiiwa August 1933 Izvi zvakaitika mushure abudirire okuguma mukomana ichibhururuka kirabhu apo Boris yakananga murayiro waiva Kacha. Pano kudzidzisa vezvikepe zvechiuto.

Kudzidza muKachin chikoro

Panguva kugara nzvimbo iyi Boris Safonov vainyatsoongorora mabasa Classics pakati Marxism-Leninism. Iri raiva danho kutanga muna kugadzirira asapinda Communist Party.

Paaiita zvidzidzo zvake muKachin chikoro pazera nemapfumbamwe, Safonov akava murwi mutyairi wendege. Panguva iyoyowo iye anoratidza unyanzvi makuru vachiridzira mudenga, mune piloting uye kuziva zvinhu chakakodzera anoranga izvi zvose-soro mavanga. The uchapupu akanyorwa mumakore aya, varayiridzi akacherechedza kuti Safonov ane nokukurumidza mhinduro, anokurumidza witted uye unyanzvi mudenga, mukuwedzera, kwakaratidzwa kwayo kumbonyanya yakakwirira mwero danho.

Belarusian Military District

Muna December 1934, Boris Safonov akatumwa mberi basa rake nenzvimbo ndima. Vakava ruwa Belarussian muchiuto, uye zvakawanda zvakananga ake yechi40 Aviation Brigade. Panguva iyoyo, Soviet Air Force ndege matsva kwariri. Vaiva I-15 uye ini-16 uye ini-153. Boris nechido kudzidza michina itsva, kunyangarika kwemaawa muraibhurari. Nechekare mukutanga kwezhizha 1936, akazviratidza pamusoro Soviet Army ndege kunge akadzidza Safonov zvakanaka. Fighter mutyairi kunyange yakatanga nzira yake pamusoro pokurwisana, izvo anozoonekwa choga superbly mumakore ehondo.

Muna 1937, Boris Safonov akanga Feoktistovich kushandisa kukwikwidza nhengo Communist Party. Panguva iyoyo, akanga chavawo munyori Koshanda sangano.

Muna 1938 iye akaumba nemashanu Aviation chemazana chehondo. Boris Safonov akava nayo Mutevedzeri wehondo Koshanda.

Muna December 1939 paredhiyo yakarira mushumo yokutanga pamusoro kurwa, yakatanga musi pamuganhu Soviet Union uye Finland. Military mutyairi wendege Safonov pakarepo makanyora mushumo yaitaura chido kwayo kunyoresa murwi dzechikwata, enda kuchamhembe. Ndapota Borisa Feoktistovicha akaguta.

basa murayiridzi

Muna North, Boris kufarira munhoroondo wengarava avhiyesheni, izvo vakatsunga ake basa yaizotevera. Uyezve, airmanship Safonov, ari murongi tarenda uye anokwanisa kudzidzisa haana kuonekwa. First refutenendi akagadzwa mukuru chokurovedza dzechikwata. Kuva shasha zvomumvura Ndege mutyairi, Safonov akava kuomesa uye anoshivirira mudzidzisi. Akanga achigadzirira vatsva kuti eventualities zvose, uyo vaifanira kusangana muhondo chaiyo.

kurwisana rokutanga

Hondo Nazi Germany, Boris Safonov - murwi mutyairi - vakatanga mundege I-16. 22.06.1941 Nechekare, akaita yake yokutanga revarwi basa iri Peninsula hove. Pamwe chete V. Volovnikovym ivo Vakarwisa bhomba Iye-111. Fire Soviet vezvikepe vakarwa chero bedzi usamhanya kubva zvombo. Zvisinei, vanozvitutumadza ndege German ichiri akanyangarika kumakore.

kukunda rokutanga

Mumazuva maviri pashure kutanga hondo vaNazi Safonov nendege ake I-16 gamha German ushori Ju-87. Shure kwenguva dzingirira ndege muvengi akarwiswa. Pakutanga, Safonov akaurayiwa miseve akaputsika motokari. Pashure mutyairi Soviet uchishandisa mutsetse refu akacheka ndege muswe. The muvengi muchina ndokuwira Bay Zelentsy apo zvimedu ayo akanga akasimudza achishandisa chikepe akanga auya. ndege iyi ndiyo yokutanga downed kuchamhembe denga.

The kukunda wechipiri waiva Safonov 06/27/1941 guta pasi wakabatanidzwa pamwe nevamwe ndege German HS-126, izvo infantrymen pashure Soviet inonzi "zvaoma."

Munguva pakutanga hondo dzaiva vairamba mhepo hondo pamusoro Kola nyika. VokuGermany vakatsvaka kushandisa polar zuva apo zuva masikati nousiku vakamira pedyo. Muvengi ndege dzikarongwa anokwana zviyero makuru, akaita yakarwisa Soviet Navy ngarava. Nhamba evadzimi yedu yaiva duku, uye saka nepagungwa vatyairi vaifanira zuva 6-7 sorties. With mumwe vaizosangana ndege muvengi Boris Safonov nani mazano, kutungamirira melee. Panguva iyoyo akadzidza zvose zvingagona motokari German, vakarwa pamusoro nyika yedu kuchamhembe.

List mhepo Safonov kukunda zvinooneka rakudzwa inotevera miviri. Panguva ino vanhu vokuGermany vakatorwa muhombe vachirwisa kuchamhembe chengarava Murmansk uye airfields neSoviet.

Saka, musi July 7, "mapfumbamwe" Ini-16, musoro wakanga Safonov, akafukidza zvomumvura polar chawo. Panguva ino mudenga pamusoro munharaunda kurindwa pavo paiva neboka German ndege Ju-87, izvo Akaperekedzwa vanodzima muvengi Me-109. Ini apinda dogfight. ndege German vakarwiswa vezvikepe Soviet uyo akapfura pasi ndege muvengi nomwe. Our "mapfumbamwe" akadzokera mujinga pa simba zvizere.

Rakavapa mumwe rokuremekedza

Nechekare July 10, 1941, Boris Safonov akava mukuru. Kuwedzera pabasa inotevera chinzvimbo vakashinga mutyairi wendege akagadzwa mutungamiri avhiyesheni dzechikwata evadzimi. musoja akaratidzwazve motokari itsva I-16 mhando 17 aiva Serial nhamba 28213-95. fuselage Its Safonov akanyora "Rufu kuti Fascism!".

Boris Feoktistovich akanyatsokopwa wakagadzirirwa ose zvemuchadenga yetsiva. Iye pachake akuteerere ndege yenyu, mumwe nguva kungovapo apo kuchaja zvombo, uyewo vachiongorora kunze anoshongwa, yakanga izere tepi. Rakapa rake I-16 Safonov akaita 109 sorties, panguva iyo akapfura pasi 17 vairwa muvengi uye Ndege. Over nguva yose vaimbopota yake motokari katatu, isa Motors itsva. Nhasi, ndege iyi ndeimwe Exhibits of Leningrad Naval Museum.

July 14, 1941 Safonov akanga paakavapa hurongwa Red Banner. Vaiti zuva dogfight akawedzera kuti pamazita okukunda ake akauya pasi maviri muvengi Ndege. Musi waJuly 27, vakaparadzwa vaviri German svetuka-Ndege, uye musi waAugust 8 - Me-109 murwi. Pakazopera hondo yacho muchirimo ndandanda wokutanga pachake Safonov downed ndege yaiva michina gumi muvengi.

kurwa matsutso

Its apogee vaimbopota muna North yakasvika muna September 1941. Ndiyo nguva apo vokuGermany vakatsiva inokosha matanho kuputsa kwokudzivirira nemauto eSoviet. Nokuti ichi, vakabayiwa hwakatamisirwa North ndege yavo fronts zvose. Muvengi motokari dzakanga tichingotama edu mazhinji, vachiita muhondo varwi Soviet.

Munguva kurwa, Boris Safonov raishandiswa senzira yokuzvidzivirira mitoo uye nehasha nzira, chaizvoizvo muvengi inoshamisa. Dzimwe nguva vakatevedzera mumhirizhonga, uye kana mutyairi German rave nomufaro yakapemberera kukunda, pakarepo decelerated uye akaramba ari muswe nomuvengi mwoyo.

Chero hondo Safonov akasiyanisa yakawiriranwa rubatsiro uye tose rubatsiro. Izvi zvakanga nokutonga chikuru ace yeSoviet. Asingaregi hwake, mufambisi wengarava akanga achimhanyira achitsigira mamwe masoja. Saka, muna imwe kurwa somunhu mudiki refutenendi Maximovich iye Akatsoropodzwa Ju-88 Ndege. Rakafuridzirwa kurwa, haana kuona kuti rinowanika kuseri Me-109. Safonov pakarepo vakamhanyira kununura mumwe komuredhi, pasinei nokuti nenguva ino akanga apfurwa zvombo ake ose. Mutyairi German akatyiswa kwazvo kurwisa uye akasiya yehondo.

Ushingi uye ushingi vakanga paakavapa Borisa Safonova murayiro. September 16, 1941 mutyairi akashinga akanga paakavapa musoro Hero of Soviet Union. Pakazosvika nguva apo chirevo wakabudiswa, nokuda Safonov akanga atova anoyevedza mazita zvemuchadenga kukunda.

pachako duel

Mumazuva iwayo Mumatsutso 1941 Safonov rakaparadzwa akakurumbira German Ace. "Messer" ndiyo mutyairi, uyo akaratidzwa fuselage tsvuku imbwa vakabata nemazino Chervonozorianyi murwi, kazhinji kuonekwa munguva kurwisa pazuva chehondo. Muvengi akaramba okuzvikudza, asi akadzivisa hondo rakashama. Safonov akarota pamusoro rokusangana pechiFascist, uye kamwe nyaya chaipiwa kwaari. mutyairi wendege Soviet noushingi kwakaitwa kurwa kusvikira muvengi, uyo nounyanzvi akasarudza yakanaka chinzvimbo kwaari nokuita aerobatics dzakaoma. Zvisinei, pashure vaviri vari muswe "Messer" Safonov maminitsi vakatanga ake "rukodzi" uye pashure pfupi pakutsvaka akaita shoma zvakanaka kunangidzirwa watsemuka. motokari yomuvengi abatwa moto uye dombo ndokuwira pasi. Mutyairi German akasiya motokari unopfuta uye tikamira kubudikidza parachuti zvakananga pamusoro nezvenzvimbo Gunners edu. Kusungwa masoja Soviet muvengi kwakanga kusina mumwe kupfuura yakakurumbira Willie Frengerom. Nokuda ruzivo German Ace vaiva mapfumbamwe sorties matatu namatanhatu ndege yakapfurwa pasi pamusoro Chirungu Channel, yaakanga paakavapa murayiro uto vaviri ake Iron Cross.

kugadzwa kutsva

October 24, 1941 Safonov akagamuchira zvakataurwa kuti aunganidze zvakanakisisa vezvikepe vari 78th Fighter Aviation chemazana chehondo, rigomutungamiriravo. Boris Feoktistovich mugove mutsva. The chombo chehondo idzva raiva makumi maviri-nomwe, "Dutu" - motokari kuti akapfuura Soviet Air Force British vezvikepe. Nzira haana chitsva uye vakawanda vavo inoda kugadziriswa. Mukuwedzera, ndege yeBritain kwakasarudzwa kuti rearm. Panguva chirongwa pamusoro Safonov vakaisa ina inorema zvigwagwagwa, nokukurumidza maviri zvakanga chikatsiviwa pfuti. Zvishoma akazotevera, ndege pasi michina vakanga yakaiswa gozvo zvokushandisa zvitundumuseremusere.

Sezvo mukuru 78th Aviation chemazana chehondo, Boris Safonov akaratidza unyanzvi hukuru hwesangano, uye kukwanisa kudzidzisa uye kudzidzisa pasi. Nokuti kuita izvi akanga paakavapa musoro mumwe - Major.

Boris Safonov akaramba kuita kurwisa mishoni, akapfura pasi nokuwedzera dzavo michina muvengi. December 22, 1941 akanga paakavapa yechipiri Order of Red Banner, uye 22 January, 1942 - wechitatu.

Mukuru 78th chemazana chehondo pakati Aviation Safonov aiva pfupi. March 20, 1942 yakaiswa pa musoro 2nd Guards. In ichi vakashinga mutyairi wendege mhepo hondo yakatanga hondo. Safonov akaramba anyorewo yavo yetsiva akunde. Panguva iyi, nguo yake akaonekwa mamwe mibayiro maviri. Ndiro Gold Star of Hero uye British mubayiro - the Order "Di-gododd-Si".

The wokupedzisira hondo

Pemusoro uyu 2nd Guards chemazana chehondo, Guards Colonel Safonov yakawanda nesimba akapa utungamiriri. Maererano chirimo ichi, akava zvishoma, asi panenge kurwa ose kuchengeta kumhanya mazita okukunda ake.

Muna 1942 Akaisa chinangwa itsva hondo yake. Kuwedzera chengarava Murmansk Defence vezvikepe vaifanira arinde omubatanidzwa vemauto convoys munharaunda kuNorthern Fleet. In basa iri, uye akafa yakakurumbira mutyairi wendege Soviet. sortie ake okupedzisira akaita May 30, 1942, achifumira mudenga kufukidza munzira kuenda Murmansk mudungwe wemabhazi vatsigiri.

Safonov aiva aitungamirira quartet michina weSoviet. Zvisinei, mumwe wavo nokuda kukundikana injini akadzoka. Three vezvikepe Soviet apinda vakarwisana nhanhatu muvengi Ndege, vakaenda muvengi hadzi kurwisa. Vari kuvhiringidzika kuti wamuka panguva kurwa, kuti chikwata akawira vega. More Boris Safonov havana kuona.

Nzvimbo rufu vakashinga mutyairi muGungwa Barents anogona kuwanika pamepu. Ndicho 69 madhigirii 51 masekonzi rwokumusoro Latitude uye 64 madhigirii mumasekonzi 42 kumabvazuva Longitude. Akaurayiwa muhondo dzisakarurama pamwe nevaNazi, apo kupfura pasi ndege mbiri. Air Force akarasikirwa Ace wengarava avhiyesheni, nekuda iyo, muna May 1942 pakanga 25 downed michina muvengi.

Chii chinokonzera rufu Boris Safonov? Mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu uchiripo. Maererano nerimwe shanduro, akanga asingakwanisi kukunda pakarepo kurwisa mumwe "Junkers" uye pane imwe - yakawira nokuda injini kutadza. The kokupedzisira izvi zvekungofungira vaviri kazhinji.

ndangariro

Military munorumbidzirweiko Borisa Feoktistovicha Safonova akaratidza kwete chete dzavo downed ndege muvengi. The Soviet wavarwi akaita mupiro mukuru kukura avhiyesheni of Northern Fleet. Vachitungamirirwa wake, zvinokosha rwisana ruzivo vakawana hwakawanda vezvikepe uyo gare gare vakagamuchira zita Hero of Soviet Union.

Name mutyairi Severomorsk akanganwika nhasi. Monument Borisu Safonovu yakaiswa muna Severomorsk, Murmansk uye Plavsk. Pane bust zviri gamba mumusha pedyo Vologda Fedotovo yaiva imomo boka revarwi rechiuto.

Zita vakashinga mutyairi wendege ainzi musha Safonovo Murmansk nharaunda. Mumusha uyu Air Force Museum akavhura Northern Fleet, pamberi unomedurirwa pasi Avenue kuti Heroes. Pano, busts mashanu nenhatu Northern Fleet vezvikepe, vakanga paakavapa musoro Hero of Soviet Union, iro pane bust B. F. Safonovu.