Bonsai: sei kukura kubva kumbeu. Kukura Bonsai kubva vanoondoroka, pamuouki, Maple

Bonsai - chiduku muti pamwe mubhokisi uye korona noshamisa. Nhoroondo yaro Anotambanudza shure kune vekare muna China, asi muna Japan Bonsai hwakabva kungoti kujairika nezvinomera chipo unyanzvi. Nhasi, uye miti pachavo, uye nzira kurimwa yavo runotaurwa neshoko "Bonsai". How kukura chishamiso pamba? sei nguva yakareba kuti vanhuwo houseplant kana seedling muti ikava self contained chinhu pamusoro yakarongedzwa? How kukura Bonsai zvipfupi nemipaini kana hardwood? About zvose anogona kutifadza imi mune ichi Japanese, inokurukurwa munyaya pazasi.

Nei vakawanda kudaro kusarudza chaizvo Bonsai pakati mazana akasiyana miti?

Mumaruva maruva anogona inake chero mukati, wedzera kwahwo uye freshness. Uyezve, miti mhenyu unonatsa mhepo uye saturate paro oxygen. Uyo anoda maruva, asi kwete hombe nzvimbo yaikwana makuru rakapetana makopi, kazhinji kusarudza Bonsai. Sei kukura iwe, vanofarira vanoda indoor zvirimwa zvikurukuru wechokwadi, nokuti zvinotora nguva yakawanda nesimba. Kunyange zvazvo erudzi urwu uye pfupi, asi zviri achiri muti, uye, naizvozvo, iwo achiumbwa panyaya makore pane mwedzi, sezvo maruva dzose mumunda uri pahwindo. Mubvunzo sei kukura Bonsai kubva mbeu, vari kuisa wandei, sezvo basa iri riri kunyanya rakaoma uye kunoda kushivirira. Panguva iyoyowo kutarisira zvipfupi miti, ndinosika korona noshamisa, pasi yakarongedzwa - izvi zvose anopa inoshamisa kutamba kuti fungidziro yako, saka mavambo uye mufaro hunopfuura nokure kwakajairika kurimwa indoor zvirimwa. Saka, wagadzirira? Zvadaro tinotanga tinyatsoziva unyanzvi Bonsai mune zvose!

How kusarudza mupudzi kuti pave Bonsai?

Sei vanokura Bonsai muti kana ukaita zvachose nezvazvo hauzivi? Chokwadi, unofanira kutanga kusarudzwa yokudyara zvokunyama. Kakawanda, izvi rinowanikwa kuvatarisira kana girinihausi. Pakati Deciduous uye coniferous miti kukura kwedu munharaunda, mhedziso favorite vari mumeporo uye mupaini. Itai Bonsai wavo nokukurumidza kukundikana, asi pakupedzisira unyatsobatsirwa uyu "pfupi" zvakanaka tsika Japanese. Unogona kuedza kukura kuva vakasiyana muti uye dzimwe mhando, ramakagadzwa:

• Lilac siyana mamakisi;
• spirea;
• Saskatoon;
• Cherry;
• spruce;
• womuapuro muti;
• omujunipa;
• larch;
• Viburnum;
• Cotoneaster;
• hawthorn;
• Birch;
• barberry.

Kutaura zvazviri, kuti pave Bonsai chaiko chero chirimwa. Chinhu chikuru kuti vanonzwa vakasununguka munharaunda okunze uye vari akashivirira zvakanaka nokuda kakawanda kuchekerera.

Nyore kukura Bonsai potted maruva miti. Nyanzvi vanokurudzira kupa kupfuura zvakanaka branching mhando mashizha maduku. Zvirokwazvo iwe kare akapa sechipiriso Bonsai Ficus Benjamin, kofi muti, ndimu kana maonde. No kuipa zvichaita seungano Hibiscus, miti yakasvibira boxwood uye welaurel.

Uye mumwe muromo kugumisa chikamu chino kukurukura pamusoro Bonsai: Sarudza zvirimwa kuti uchida. Zviitei kwaizova refu, uye mugumisiro angangotadza kuva nenjere dzakapinza, kana pamuti here kunetsa, kunhuhwidza kana vachiita.

How kusarudza hari uye ivhu pamusoro Bonsai?

Saka, ramakasarudza yatenga seedling izvo zvaunoda kusika munhu Bonsai. Sei kukura nayo simba uye utano? Zvakangotanga rinotanga kusarudzwa hari nokusima.

The yakanaka hari Japanese zvipfupi miti - mudziyo zvedongo, kunyanya yakadzika, hombe dhayamita, rakafanana mbiya. Isa zvinofanira kuva zvakakwana kuitira kuti midzi Bonsai vari makachengeteka akafukidzwa.

Muchiitiko chino, zvisingadiwi kushandisa pasi vanhuwo indoor zvinomera nokuti chinobatanidza yakawanda mwando, uye mudzi gadziriro mizambiringa yakabva kumwe vanogona kuora. Zvakasikwa, Bonsai vachikura utsinye ezvinhu, iri pamaware neyemitenusirwa, vakabatirira dombo rinenge pachena. Chokwadi, izvi hazvirevi kuti zvinhu mumba muti vanofanira kukura pamusoro pamatombo, asi kunaka ivhu anofanira kuva pedyo dzinongoitika. Kana chezvinhu basa ane Bonsai inovira uye ivhu - mwero zvemuchadenga chikamu seedling.

How yokusima Bonsai?

The mudziyo anofanira mwena abudise. Zvinonzi Dzakamukurudzirawo kuisa pamusoro pasi afoot, kudzivirira leaching ivhu. midzi ane Bonsai Asati kudyara vakagadziridza kuti zvinomera pamwe muhari. Dururirai pamusoro afoot zvishoma ivhu, zvino isa muti musunge kupfuura chikamu chacho pevhu waya, kugadzirira kusvikira tangi kuburikidza makomba abudise. Kupedzisa achizadza muhari pamwe ivhu uye mvura Bonsai.

Cherechedza kuti muti mhando iri vakadzikama okunze, kudyara muchirimo. Kana uchironga kurichinja kuva Bonsai womunyika dzinopisa, zvinogona kuitwa chero nguva yegore.

Kutarisira Bonsai?

How kukura Bonsai kumba? Kuti aite izvi, unofanira kuramba imwe indoor chiedza uye tembiricha mamiriro, kuumba zvakakwana azvipire mwando kuronga kugara achidiridzira. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Bonsai - icho mutsika kuti havangagoni kuva mumba. Zvinofanira kuva zvinogoneka nguva atumire famba pamusoro muvharanda, pemarata kana bindu.

miti Light vanoda chaizvo, kunyanya mune ramakore ekunze uye chando, kana zuva iri pfupi. Kugadzirisa mamiriro kuchabatsira kushandisa fluorescent mwenje.

Humidity kumativi Bonsai anodzokororwa panguva yakakodzera pamwero nokuzvisarudzira rinotevera duku mugaba ane hari yemvura. Zvinokwanisika kuronga zuva zvakananga spraying kuti Bonsai pfapfaidzo. Ita ichi mangwanani kusvikira manheru mashizha nguva dziome.

Temperature mamiriro vanosarudzwa nomumwe, zvichienderana dzakananga zvinodiwa huni. Somuenzaniso, vanhu vaibva subtropics (mutamba, muorivhi, nemimirite, et unto.) Kunzwa akasununguka vari tembiricha kuti 7-15 ° C. Tropical Bonsai vanofanira kudziyisa - kubva 16 kusvika 25 ° C.

Miti akadiridza kakawanda asi zvikamu zviduku. Nevhu muhari vanofanira nguva dzose kuva nyoro asi kunyanya kunyorova. Mvura kare decanted. Ideal - ndiko meltwater. Chenjerai kuti kana nokudiridza yakakanyiwa yose pakukora ivhu muhari. Summer "drink" Bonsai vanofanira kakawanda sezvavanokura munguva ino zvikuru.

How kugadzirira mbeu kuti miti muchidimbu?

Kana uchifarira sei kukura kuva Bonsai kubva mbeu, chete Gadzirira chokwadi chokuti nguva zvaizotora chaizvo, dzimwe nguva kunyange kupfuura 5 years. Planting zvinhu zvinogona kutengwa kuvatarisira, kuti paIndaneti kana kunyange unganidza pachako mupaki pedyo.

Tropical miti yakawedzera kubva mbeu boxwood, nemimirite, glycine, Ficus, yakafara - Beech, hornbeam, Maple, elm, Birch, nemipaini - misidhari, nemipaini, misipuresi, nemisipiresi.

Planting zvinhu dzinoita akadai hawthorn, omujunipa, Quince, zvinoda achiramba zororo 6-12 mwedzi. Mbeu inoiswa mugaba jecha nyoro uye kusiya inotonhorera nzvimbo. Future vanoondoroka, spruce, misipuresi uye miouki nekusiyana, zvinonzi zvakanaka unodyarwa pakarepo pashure pakukohwa.

Saka, sei kukura kuva Bonsai nemiouki kana zvimwe mbeu erudzi? Pakarepo asati kudyara pavo germinated mumvura, chikwindi kana vermiculite. Achimedura goko ravo rakaoma kuvandudza kumera. Zvinonzi Dzakamukurudzirawo kuti aite rimwe fungicide mbeu kurapwa uye ivhu mbereko kurerutsa mukana chirwere utachiona.

Kupi uye sei kudyara germinated mbeu Bonsai?

Nepo kudyara zvinhu unozvimba, gadzirira hari. Inzwi peat mikombe kana vakawanda mapurasitiki, vakazadzwa peat uye jecha muvhenganiswa (1: 1). Ivhu iri nekuumbanidzwa, kwawaiita kunze mbeu, uye musoro uchidururwa jecha zvinonyadzisa. Kufukidza firimu mugaba kana girazi kuti pave girinihausi maturo. Musakanganwa kuongorora mwando iri zvichiguma Mini-teplichke.

Kana jecha tsotsonya nhungirwa wokutanga, kuronga nguva airing, uye pashure chimiro mizambiringa yakabva kumwe mashizha zvinogona akasvinudzwa kwazvo. Paaizosvika chirimwa kureba 10 CM epurasitiki mukombe kutsiva hari izere. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, unogona kutanga zvishoma nezvishoma kuti kuumba ramangwana Bonsai.

How kukura Bonsai kubva cheka?

Nokuti vaya vanoda kudzidza sei kukura Bonsai apo rokuponesa nguva, rondedzera nzira paumbwe Bonsai kubva kuchekwa. Achienzanisa izvozvo nembeu nzira, cherechedza kuti muitiro achapiwa nokukurumidza munenge gore. Cheka dzinobviswa kubva utano Woody nhungirwa uye midzi muna vadanana kana jecha nyoro. Kana ukasarudza softwood, zviite nani April kana September mangwanani. Kugadzirira kuchekwa nokuti Deciduous Bonsai vanoti June.

Inokosha: kukura muti pakati akavezwa nhungirwa kubva nemipaini kana omusidhari hakushandi. Ukuwo, kana uri kuziva sei kukura Bonsai Maple kusonanidzwa nzira, ziva matavi kwemarudzi ichi, uyewo nemiterebhini, barberry, hornbeam nemiti, izvo zvinoshandiswa nemakwenzi, acclimatized chaizvo zvakanaka. Softwood mudzi refu nguva, dzimwe nguva kwemakore. Kekutanga pashure rooting pamusoro kuchekwa vanofanira nyatsotarira: hasha, aigara akadiridza. Kuberekesa haasi zvakakodzera kuti ave mari zvinovaka muviri zvakakwana uri rakashama muvhu.

How kuumba korona Bonsai?

Kune zvitaera zvakawanda Bonsai. How kukura muti pachavo, zvokuti anova sezvizvi "Japanese"? Chokutanga, Crohn Bonsai vanofanira kuva conical chimiro. Very yepakutanga Kutarira miti matavi vanoumba raidudzwa kunonyanyisa chinjikira tiers pamwe thickened mashizha mumwe nomumwe wavo. Ona kuti izvi hazvisi akanaka chete, asiwo Bonsai utano chaizvo.

Kuchekerera chokutanga rinoitwa pakarepo pashure randakasima, vaduku zvirimwa. Usarega matavi: zvakafanira kusiya chete avo kuti zvinopinda yenyu akazogadzira siluetti remangwana Bonsai. Dzokubatanidza ari mabukira kuti pamidzi, dzinopoterera waya kana kudhonza mitoro, unogona kuisa zvinodiwa kutungamirirwa muti kukura. Panguva iyoyo iwe redistribute simba pakati pamatavi akasimba uye simba.

Most kwazvo kuchekerera rinoitwa mushure chando. Munguva korona Bonsai chinja anoregerera haircut. Nzira hakubvi chete uri pachako zvido muchimiro miti, asiwo rudzi chirimwa.

Chakagadzirwa kuchembera Bonsai

Sei vanokura Bonsai muti kumusha pashure pemakore 1-2, sokunge akanga anopfuura makore gumi? Pane rinokosha kwenzira kuchembera. Dzimwe nguva kushandisa banga kana waya vematombo kuti Bonsai hunde akabvisa zvikamu cortex. With murefu uye vamwe yokungotaura ruzivo, unogona kunyange akatsemura muti kana kuti mhango. Kana uchironga kusiya sumbu mupenyu, hazvigoni zvachose pasina kwayo kuhukura. Ramba kanenge nhete ubvise kuti achanunura zvokudya kubva hunde kusvikira kumusoro kutiza. matavi Dead anogona sostarivayut zvakawanda rinopikisa, kushandisa chaiyo aricheke huni. Bare hunde dzimwe nguva akasvibiswa kana nekusiyana, ndiye bleached.

Omujunipa, nemipaini uye spruce yakanakisisa vanokweretesa pachavo kuti kurapa kwakadaro, nekuti matanda avo rine chaiyo zvinhu kuti kutadzisa kukura chakuvhuvhu uye ora.

mazwi akawanda nokuti mafeni vechokwadi Bonsai: Plants pamwe avabvisa nemakwati anonzi "sharimiki" uye kutsemura hunde - "sabamiki".

mhepo layering

Air layering zvakakodzera kuchinja chimiro Bonsai Somuenzaniso, kana hunde iri kuresa.

Kuti tiwane ruchitedzemuka, pamusoro hunde kuti Deciduous zvinomera kuruoko pamwero kuita raundi incision uye kubvisa zviuno kuti kuhukura. How kukura Bonsai kubva nemipaini miti uchishandisa unyanzvi ichi? With Conifers kushanda zvishoma zvakasiyana tizira vakasungirirwa waya kuitira kuti yakaonekwa ronda, uye ipapo inyorovese stimulator rooting. The zvichiguma kukuvara vacho sphagnum akaputirwa nyoro uye kuchengetedza casing kuti umhutu mambure akazara rakaorera. Tiite nzira iri nani muchirimo.

Inoratidza pabutiro mumatsutso (Conifer Bonsai - gore gare gare). At nzvimbo chekawo kuoneka vaduku midzi. Pashure paizvozvo iwe kumirira kusvikira midzi regai ichisimba. nguva yose iyi, vanofanira kuramba pasi pechifukidziro.

Kamwe munoona kuti midzi vakagadzirira nechokwadi kuti nerubatsiro zvinokurisa Bonsai ivhu, bvisa chifukidziro, kucheka chirimwa chete pazasi kuchekwa akaisa mudziyo mutsva.

Chokwadi, nyaya iyi pamusoro Japanese art zvipfupi miti uye kukura kwavo kure wakakwana. Kana ukasarudza kusika wako Bonsai pachako yepakutanga, unofanira kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro kwazvo. Zvisinei, pasinei mhando huni uye manyorerwo yaunosarudza, yeuka kuti iyi chinhu chikuru - murefu, kufunga, hanya, uye ... fungidziro yako!