Biography Jonatani Swift, anoshanda, akatorwa

Biography Jonatani Swift - ndiyo nyaya ane munyori vechiIrish aishanda ari satirical Genre, satirizing ari uipi munzanga. "Nzendo Gulliver kuti" - zvikuru kufarira vaverengi vazhinji bhuku, umo vakuru nevana muchawana nzira zvakawanwa kwouzivi.

munyori

Biography Jonathan Swift anotanga muIreland, muna muDublin, November 30, cha1667. baba vake vakafa asati aberekwa mwanakomana wake, mumwe mukuru duku haana kusiya nechouviri mhuri. Mukomana ari dzidzo akatora Godwin sekuru. Hanzvadzi yangu akagara naamai vake, mhuri yake, Jonatani haana kuona zvikuru.

Muna 1682 iye ndanyoresa pana Trinity - College, chikoro pamwe tsvimborume kuti dhigirii. Panguva pakaparadzwa King James Yechipiri Civil War akatanga kuIreland. Swift akaenda England muzukuru kure William Temple uye mai vake vakamushumira sezvo munyori kwemakore maviri. Temple, yakapfuma Wenyika, zvinotora iri kutapwa Jonathan kupfuura basa chikamu. Ndiye rinovhura mabhuku nemano wechiduku munyori, uye chinobatsira kuwana basa rakanaka.

chinyorwa

Biography Jonathan Swift sezvo munyori anozvarwa aine mabhuku 1704 mabasa maviri: "zvakaedza mumwe Tub" mufananidzo "The Battle of Books", uyewo nhetembo uye ndima. akashanda ari yeko Larakor (Ireland) 1705 kwemakore anoverengeka, uye muna 1713 ari Swift awana nzvimbo dhini pa St. Patrick kuti Cathedral. This post anopa mari yakanaka uye nomukana kunyora uye nevamwe.

Muna 1724, pasi rekunyepedzera zvabudiswa "Tsamba Draper." Muna 1726, kusunungurwa "Nzendo Gulliver kuti" muna 2 Mavhoriyamu. Muna 1742, Swift anotakura sitiroko simba, somugumisiro icho anorasikirwa uye nemano pamwe nepfungwa. Pausiku hwaakafa, akanyora epitaph pamusoro guva, riri tingasarudza, sezviri kuda kwake, akanga akagogodza kwaari: "The shure kutsamwa kwakaderera vatova muchipfuva. Enda, mufambi, uye kutevedzera iye agara wakarwira rusununguko. "

okugadzira zvinhu Swift

Dzhonatan Svift, vane mabasa akanyorwa pakutanga kwezana shanduko mabhuku werudzii, akakwanisa kunzwisisa kwete chete ari kufara echimurenga Ireland, asiwo kusagutsikana nevamwe British enyika vanodzvinyirirwa. Dzaenda zvinofananidzira, asi kuomarara uye prilizannosti kwete mufashoni. Zviri munhambo iyi satirical mutauro nemunyori, nokutuka kwake uipi uye noupenzi muzita kunaka uye kururamisira, pfungwa akawana nzira yavo mumwoyo vaverengi. Humor uye Satire - pfupi nzira yokubudirira nguva dzose.

Jonathan Swift pfungwa akaratidza mu "Nzendo Gulliver kuti", uye akakodzera kuti nhasi. Political mukurwisana uye chivande tarisa musoro muna Lilliput, apo vanhu tuduku kurwira simba. Kubva kukwirira kukura kwayo Gulliver anoona crayons chido uye chido nokuda mubereko. In Kunyika Hofori, Ukuwo, kukudzwa uye noukuru nyika yake tarisa musoro. On zvinobhururuka kuchitsuwa Laputa mufambi vanosangana pamwe pfungwa nesayenzi vanenge akazadzisa kusafa, rewriting nhoroondo yenyika mumwe nomumwe. Wokupedzisira nyika apo Gulliver asangana rudzi vakangwara mabhiza vanhu Jehu varanda. An shata mufananidzo avanhu vanopenga - iri uchapupu pfungwa Swift, kuti kana kuchiva uye uipi atonge murume akasimba kupfuura chikonzero, anogona kuti munhu mhuka.

upenyu Personal waJonatani Swift

In munda anorichengeta ake Templa Dzhonatan akasangana musikana mashiripiti Esther Johnson, uyo panguva iyoyo aiva nemakore 8 okuberekwa. Mwanasikana murandakadzi, iye akakurira vasina baba, uye munyori mukuru anova shamwari uyewo mudzidzisi zvakananga uye shamwari. Mutsamba yake hunomuti Stella. Esther Stella kugara vadzidzi kodzero munda afa Jonathan. Friends, vakararama ari munyori vakati takaroorana pakavanda, asi zvakananga uchapupu ichi uye kuwana magwaro.

Muna 1707, sekuru-makore 19 Esther Vanhomrigh kuti mune zvakawanda matsamba anodana Vanessa. Aivawo akakura asina baba nzeve, uye tinongoita anoda munyori kare inoitwa. Vakanyora kune mumwe kusvikira afa Esther Vanessa, iye akafa tibhii. Mashoko rufu kwake zvikuru nokuzununguka Jonathan.

zvematongerwo enyika

Ireland, iyo nzvimbo yechizvarirwo pakati Dzhonatan Svift, akaramba zvachose kwaari uye nzvimbo yechizvarirwo uye nzvimbo kurwira kururamisira. Zvechokwadi kunetseka vomunyika yake, ruri mumatope okunamata yevagari hondo uye uipi, munyori dzakabudiswa dzinotaura, akaparidza uye yakabudiswa netumabhuku. Iye vachinyanya waitsigira gutsaruzhinji, akashora vanhu vakaderera nokuzvikudza uye mune zvechitendero anenge akarwa kokumanikidza Irish.

Mukurumbira Dean Swift akanga akakwirira kuti kuyeuka imwe shamwari inogona kuverenga nyaya raora. Kamwe vazhinji vakaungana kunze Church kuona kuora kwezuva. Ruzha simbe vaiona zvakadzivisa Jonathan kushanda, akaenda pachivara uye akazivisa kuti kuora iri akadzima. Vanhu vazhinji vakateerera noruremekedzo uye Dean akatengesa.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

Biography Jonathan Swift anoratidza zvishomanana nezvendima hwake kuti munguva munyori semunhu chena tsanzira uye noushingi.

• Kutamburira Kuti kuregeredza makuva Church ake, Dean akatuma mashoko hama nezvaidiwa kuti vatarisire ndangariro yemadzitateguru, kana kuti kutumira mari guva utariri. Kana pakukundikana hanya nemafungiro anovimbisa kuwedzera mashoko neshoko kusatenda hama. Mumwe mashoko akadaro akanunura George II pachake. Asi sezvo chiito pamusoro chikamu mambo haana akatevera, IAA namambo kuti kuoma musoro pachitofu ikoko.
• Amateur kufamba Jonathan mudiwa nokuvuka anecdote pamusoro yevaeni. Ikoko, akawana chete nehafu mubhedha, wechipiri aifanira kuudza murimi. Asi munyori anotaurwa kupfuura anoshanda kuuraya, uye vakavata oga.
• Rimwe zuva, kuti kufamba-famba, akabvunza muranda wake vachivata majombo. Jaya, asingakwanisi kuchenesa navo, vakauya Swift shangu tsvina nemashoko: "Imi vachiri kukanganisa kwavo." Jonathan akarayira kwete zvokudya zvemangwanani, "zvinhu" murombo, nekuti achiri nzara.

Uchenjeri mashoko ose

Handizvo zvinoreva benzi Dzhonatan Svift. Quotes uye mashoko kubva hwake vakapona:

• Hasha - ndiko kutsiva pachake mumwe.
• Vanachiremba yakanakisisa munyika - rugare, zvokudya, uye unofara unhu.
• Chinyorwa - akarova kuna akakodzera vanhu vakaita honye vanoda michero chete utano.
• Kana iwe pavanoseka munhu, zvino anogadzirira chokutsiva hasha nomwoyo murefu.
• Unogona venga munyori, asi kuverenga bhuku rake nomufaro.
• Pigskin chikwama goridhe kwete soshesh.
• Somuzivi muduku anonzwa kusurukirwa, ari mumwe.
• Mufaro kuroorana nokuda ose dzisina, asi akanzwisisa shoko mukadzi.

Mashoko Jonathan Swift panyaya kururamisira uye varanda - unopinza satirical kurutivi hairpin wokuti nyika yake uye nevafundisi uori:

• Kana hurumende yakasarudza kutonga pasina mvumo vanhu, ndiro muranda hurongwa.
• Kudenga hapana goridhe, saka akanga atumwa pasi villains.
• Chitendero - ihosha runotyisa mweya wakachena.

nhaka Swift

Dzhonatan Svift mabasa akasiya kuti kunyange zvakasimba fora usaora satirical manzwiro avo enyika uye nokusakwana kwevanhu. Zvino yava nhaka kumunyori mukuru. Nechekare munguva yakararama yake yakakurumbira "Gulliver" yakabudiswa mumitauro inoverengeka. Rakatorwa mabhuku zvevana sezvo kupatsanurwa kubudikidza censors, kuti anova akafanana kunonakidza nyaya iri zvokungofungidzira Genre. Asi kunyange ichi kupfupiswa shanduro yake bhuku vanodzidziswa kuti tose zvakasiyana, asi vose zvakafanana vanhu.

Vomunyika vanozvikudza pamusoro tarenda uye ungwaru nemunyori mukuru. Dzhonatan Svift (nyika yokuberekwa zvinhu uye - Ireland) akasiya pashure porufu rwake, kutenda muna chichiwedzera kupfuura rwake ramangwana.