Belarusian cosmonauts ruzivo kwakakwana uye avo vaita

In nzvimbo vanhu vanopfuura mazana mashanu takaendeswa. Vatatu vavo - Belarusians Oleg Novitsky, Vladimir Kovalenok Peter Klimuk. Mazita aya vakajaira ose mugari yakabatana Russian zvokuvhoterwa. Munyaya ino unenge kuziviswa Belarusian muchadenga kunoongorora. Rega kutanga.

nhoroondo

Muna 2015, vanhu vaipemberera 58th gore nzvimbo zera. Zvakatanga October 5, 1957, apo masayendisiti Soviet kwakatangwa mu muchadenga "Sputnik 1". Nokuti vose vagere panyika yakanga nguva yokuchera nyeredzi, mapoka enyeredzi pamwe nyika itsva.

Nokukurumidza Pazvinhu ouinjiniya pfungwa ndakagadzirira zvose nokuda chinotevera padariro kusimudzira vatema rakadzikadzika. Uye musi April 12 1961, zvakanga chakaitwa maari nechisimba. Yuri Gagarin ndiye murume wokutanga uyo nendege muchadenga. Uye kuedza ichi wokutanga kukunda extraterrestrial nzvimbo rava chiitiko chikuru munhoroondo panyika.

Mumakore akatevera 50 makore muchadenga ubanguranyika yave vakashanduka zvikuru akurumidze kumhanya. Dzakawanda dzakanga raparurwa orbital nhepfenyuro uye mazana satellites. Zvave zhinji rwokugadzirwa uye zvesayenzi kuedza. Uye, chokwadi, inokosha zvikuru mupiro ichi kwakaitwa Belarusian cosmonauts. About zvikuru yakakurumbira zvatinomupomera tsanangura pazasi.

Peter Klimuk

Uyu murume anoda hapana pakusuma. Uye kune avo vasingazivi, Peter Klimuk - ndiwo wekutanga Belarusian cosmonaut, musayendisiti, Colonel-General, Dhokotera Technical Sciences. Muna 1965, iye wechi ari yokuzviparadzanisa pakati vakundi denga rizere nenyeredzi. Gare gare akava wandinoshanda naye Gagarin. ipapo Petro aiva nemakore chete 23 okuberekwa. The Jaya akaenda kosi asitironati kudzidziswa. Izvi zvakaita kuti akwanise kwete chete chivimbo kubhururuka pazvikepe akadai "Union", asi kushanda akanaka orbital pazviteshi zviri mhando "Ndikwazisirei". Somunhu mukuru, akaita 3 kufamba muchadenga.

kutanga kutiza

Zvakatora nzvimbo muna 1973. Klimuk vakananga "Soyuz-13". Ya ndege aingova pamusoro pavhiki. Muna 1975, Petra Ilicha wechi Reserve rikarira "Soyuz 17". Mugore iroro akava understudy Klimuk wavarwi "18-1-Union" izvo, zvinosuruvarisa kwakundikana kutanga,.

chechipiri ndege

Yakaitika May 1975 uye hunozogara chero 62 mazuva. Petru Ilichu vakabatsira ndege injiniya Sevastyanov. Nokukurumidza pashure chikepe yavo "Soyuz-18-2" vakabudirira akaita yacho nemashoko orbital yemapurisa "Salyut-4". Vadzokera Earth Klimuk akatanga kudzidziswa pasi pechirongwa "Intercosmos".

Wechitatu ndege

Panguva ndege wechitatu June 1978, Peter Ilyich akatungamirira dzakawanda vashandi pamusoro ndima ine Polish cosmonaut Germashevsky. Manage "Soyuz-30" zvinobudirira yacho kuna yemapurisa "Salyut-6", yakanga akatakura Ivanchenkov uye Kovalenok. nguva ino Klimuk akagara nzvimbo kwemazuva manomwe. Its tikwanise urefu ndege mazuva 78 uye maawa 18.

kunze nzvimbo

Pakarepo shure wechitatu kutiza Peter Ilich akagadzwa mukuru Political Department muna Cosmonaut Training Center (CTC) Gagarin. Ipapo Klimuk akava nemutevedzeri mutungamiri. Muna 1983, akagamuchira nokumwe kurovedzwa Military Political Academy, Lenin (asipo). Uye akatsigira chinyorwa chake muna 1987. A Makore mashoma (kubvira 1979 kusvika 1984) aiva mutevedzeri Supreme Soviet of USSR.

hurongwa

Peter Klimuk sezvo dzimwe Belarusian muchadenga kunoongorora, ane mibayiro yakawanda. Ndiye weNobel of State Prize of USSR uye Russian Federation. Uyewo, Peter Ilyich akanga paakavapa Orders zvitatu Lenin, Order "Nokuti Services kuti Motherland", sezvakarayirwa Ushamwari pamusoro Peoples, uye menduru yegoridhe Tsiolkovsky. Klimuk zita dzomumusha mumaguta akadai Klotsk uye Rogachev, uyewo mumisha Rubel, Lower Terebezhov uye Motol. In Breste Petru Ilichu yakaiswa endarira bust.

Vladimir Kovalenok

Chero Biography pakati Belarusian muchadenga kunoongorora zvinoshamisa, asi nyaya upenyu mukundi denga rakazara nenyeredzi, zvichida kupfuura dzinonakidza. Ngatitange pamwe ndechokuti ndege yaiva Kovalenok zvakakwana "munyoro" zera. Asi, sezvazvakanyorwa akatendeuka akabuda, makore 22 hakusi nechiidzo. Vladimir akava mukuru "sikuruu" mhando chitundumusere-musere "Soyuz". Kwavari akakunda matatu azere nzvimbo.

Start basa

Sezvo vose Belarusian muchadenga kunoongorora Kovalenok kurovedzwa zvakanaka avhiyesheni chikoro zvechiuto. Iye kudzidza muna 1963 uye akaenda kunoshanda senga ndege. Vladimir uchibhururuka AN-24 co-mutyairi wendege. Nokufamba kwenguva, jaya kwaitsigirwa kuti wavarwi. Muna 1965 akava mumiriri Kovalenok cosmonaut. Zvisinei, akanga asina vakanyoresa, uye akasiya chengetedza. Kurovedza kosi kubhururuka muchadenga rimwe jaya akatanga kutora nzvimbo makore maviri gare gare.

kutanga kutiza

Muna October 1977, Vladimir akazvipira "Soyuz-25" ake ndege yokutanga. Kovalenok aiva mukuru muchikepe. Inosanganisirawo vashandi Vladimir Ryumin. Maererano purogiramu kutiza, "Union" akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze pokusvika pamwe yemapurisa "Salyut-6". Asi izvi hazvina kuitika nokuda nokuchinja kushanda rendezvous wemuTesitamende zvashata muoti. Flight amira nguva isati yakwana. Vose nguva hwakapedzerwa nzvimbo yaiva 2 mazuva.

chechipiri ndege

It yakaitika muna 1978, uye akatora yakareba kupfuura kutanga. Kovalenok akanga zvakare mutungamiri muchikepe. nguva ino akatungamirira vashandi kuti "Soyuz-29". The vakaronga pokusvika ne "Salyut-6" chiteshi akabudirira chaizvo. Paaigara pamusoro payo, Vladimir Vasilyevich vashandi akatora vaviri remarudzi nzendo: German-Soviet (Ian Bykovskii) uye wePolish-Soviet (Germashevsky, Klimuk). July 29 Kovalenok anorenda pamwe Ivanchenko kuitwa rizere nenyeredzi nzvimbo. Kunze chikepe, vakanga zvishoma pamusoro maawa maviri. November 2 Vladimir kudzokera kumusha kune "Union-31." The zvachose nguva yose rwendo rechipiri kusvika zana namakumi mana mazuva.

wechitatu ndege

nguva ino Kovalenok vakananga "Soyuz T-4." Naye nendege aiva nomukurumbira Viktor Savinykh. Ivo zvinobudirira yacho zvakare kune "Salyut-6". Kufanana kokupedzisira, ari muchadenga kunoongorora akatora vaviri remarudzi nzendo: yeRomania-Soviet (Prunariu, Popov) uye Mongolian-Soviet (Gurragcha, Janibekov). Ya ndege mazuva anenge makumi manomwe nemashanu.

Tevera-up basa

Muna 1984, Vladimir akabudirira kudzidza kubva Military Academy of General Staff. Pashure paizvozvo akagadzwa mutevedzeri mukuru 1st kuzvidzora Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center, iro rave achigadzirira muchadenga kunoongorora. Maererano kugadzwa ichi hachisisiri ndiitewo ndege.

Kubva 1989 kusvika 1992 yaaishandira nokuda MP. Muna 1991 iye kuenda ari Belarusian Federation of Cosmonautics. Muna 1993, Vladimir akapiwa chinzvimbo General Colonel Aviation. Muna 2001 iye kuenda ari Russian Federation of Cosmonautics. Akasunungurwa muna June 2002 pamusoro nerubatsiro zera.

chinokudza

Nyaya Belarusian asitironati Kovalenko, isu achapedzisa kuchinjwa kwayo huripo varayirwa. Vladimir ane iri kunobatsira Orders matatu Lenin, imwe mirairo shoma "Nokuti Service kuti Motherland" uye menduru yegoridhe Tsiolkovsky. Muguta Krupki (Minsk nharaunda) Kovalenko, yendarira bust.

Oleg Novitsky

Zita iri hakusi muduku zvinobatsira vaviri pamusoro apa. Oleg Novitsky - Belarusian cosmonaut, uyo akatungamirira ngarava "Soyuz TMA-06M". Start yakaitwa muna October 2012. Chiitiko ichi chaiva Belarusians zvose muzvirumbidze nokuda. Muna 2007, Novitsky akapfuura mukuru nzvimbo kudzidzisa, akagamuchira soro zvibozwa. Saka, iye nominated pachake nokuda chinotevera ndege iri rizere nenyeredzi nzvimbo.

Oleg Novitsky - Belarusian cosmonaut, ane Biography anozivikanwa kuti wese wenyika yake. Akaenda kukunda rima rakadzikadzika achangobva vachipemberera ake 41st rokuzvarwa. Vanhu vanoziva Oleg pachake akaona fanano wake Yuriem Gagarinym. Novitsky akava Byelorussian rechitatu ndakaona mhiri nyika. Munguva yemberi iri pedyo zvimwe achava mukundi yechina dema rakadzikadzika.

Nedoletevshie

Belarusian cosmonauts Klimuk, Kovalyonok Novitsky uye aigona kuona kurota kwake kuenda denga rizere nenyeredzi. Asi pakanga paine vaya vakanga vasina vanokwanisa kuzviita.

Boris Belousov

Akaberekwa muna Hotimsk (Mogilev nharaunda) muna 1930. Akapedza kudzidza kubva Air Force Academy Mozhaiskogo muna Leningrad. Muna 1965 akatanga kugadzirira kutiza mu rizere nenyeredzi nzvimbo. Nokukurumidza iye akaitwa mukuru cosmonaut. Apfuudza mamiriro pakuongorora Belousov akagadzwa kuti vashandi ari "Union." Pamberi ndege muchadenga haana zvikuru. Ndaviga kurota kuda kuva chaiyoiyo yaiva. Asi pakarepo Belousov akanga adzingwa murayiro. Boris hwakatamisirwa yemauto tsvakurudzo anotanga. Chikonzero chaiva chokuti nezvezvaiitwa komiti akawana "rima panzvimbo" iri Biography baba vake mutemo.

Anatoly Dedkov

It akaberekwa mumusha Lucin (Gomel nharaunda) muna 1944. Akapedza kudzidza kubva Kharkov Military Aviation School. Kamwe ichi vasarudzirwa muna cosmonaut Corps. Zvinobudirira kupfuura hurumende bvunzo, kugadzirira nendege kune orbital yemapurisa "Salyut" uye "Soyuz". Muna 1977 Dedkova akagadza mukuru 2nd vashandi pamusoro "Salyut-6" uye "Soyuz-26". urongwa All vakayambuka kubudirira pokusvika of 1st rikarira hwaisanganisira zvakadai Belarusian muchadenga kunoongorora sezvo Ryumin uye Kovalyonok. "Top" rakasvika murayiro: imwe nhengo vashandi anofanira kutiza ruzivo. Chisarudzo ichi Dedkova akasunda kusvikira pakuguma tungamidzana, iro gore negore kukasawedzerwa nokuda vamhan'ari vaduku.

tester

Anotevera 6 Makore Anatoly Ivanovich mubasa kuidzwa muchadenga michina mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa. Akanga ndege mugungwa uye pasingagarwi dzoga (taiga, mumatondo, magwenga). Uyewo Dedkov aiita spacewalk ari sutu "Orlan" uye kuedzwe spacesuit "Sokol". Akaita anopfuura 50 chitundumusere-musere landings parachuting siyana kwevari kunzwisisa. Asi uwandu kuedza (dzimwe nguva utano) haana akabatsira Anatoly Ivanovich kuenda muchadenga. Somugumisiro, akanga kubatwa Mission Control Center sezvo mukuru opareta. Colonel Dedkov haana vakakwanisa kuva Byelorussian rechitatu, muchikunda rima rakadzikadzika.

Alexander Shchukin

Akaberekerwa muna 1946 mu Vienna (Wienn), Austria, mumhuri. Shchukin sekondari bvunzo vezvikepe, uye pashure - the Moscow Aviation Institute. Alexander kuverenga zvakawanda pamusoro Belarusian muchadenga kunoongorora uye kurota kukunda nyeredzi muchadenga. Somugumisiro, Shchukin akatumirwa kuti kudzidziswa purogiramu "Buran", inotungamirwa Igor Volk. Asi hope Alexander havana kuzadziswa. Iye yakadonha mundege Su-26M munguva wokugadzirira zororo Zhukovsky. On akati ndege ndege kudzidzisa Shchukin anoitwa nechinangwa chokuedza kuti kuruka. Zvinosuruvarisa Alexander haana kukwanisa kuuya ndege kubva dzinonetsa hwechiFascist, uye kwaguma norufu.