Battle Poltavskoe (zvishoma). Nhoroondo Hondo Poltava

Muzhizha 1708 hondo Swedish pasi murayiro Mambo Charles XII yakarwisa Russia. The zvazvingava Russian, hapana aizivikanwa pamusoro urongwa mushandirapamwe achitungamirirwa Charles. Zvimwe achabvisa kubva penyika St. Petersburg uye kukunda nyika indigenously Russian. Zvimwe anoenda kumabvazuva uye anokunda Moscow, ichava imomo kuti zvitungamirire mashoko orugare.

Peter haana refu vakaedza kuita rugare woKumusoro vavakidzani. Asi Karl XII nguva dzose rakarambwa inopa Emperor, achida kuparadza Russia somunhu nyika uye kuiganhura vachiita diki muranda kwavabati. Munhimbe, Karl XII zvakachinja urongwa ake, uye akatungamirira mauto ake kuUkraine. Ikoko avapa Hetman Mazepa, nokunyengera akatengesa Russia uye akasarudza pamwe yeSweden. Below ari nyaya hondo Poltava zvichakurukurwa.

Traffic pamusoro Moscow

Varwi Swedish akanga kunonoka, uye Russian shure, munzira achitora zvipfuwo, kuparadza mbuva uye zvadzinofura uye kuronga Zaseki kuti ruchavhiringidza kwebasa muvengi. Peter aidavira kuti zvakakosha kunonoka nguva hondo inokosha, uye akaedza kupfeka pasi masimba muvengi. Asi kudhumhana zvakaitika. It yakaguma muna kukundwa nokuda Russian. Petro akashandisa nayo zvinangwa edzidzo. Uye kuti akanga ari wokupedzisira kubudirira yeSweden ari renhoroondo dzamadzimambo Huru Northern War.

Vaneshungu uye vanyengedzwa namambo, nokuti iyo muhondo yakanga kunakidza kudarika balls, uye ruzha atirari uye kugomera yavakakuvadzwa kunge mumhanzi kwaari, haana kuvaka pamusoro kubudirira uye vakatendeukira kuna Mogilev. Akamirira kuti mwedzi kuti vavabatsire. Asi kunonoka. Vasina kugamuchira mudungwe wemabhazi pamwe zvokudya, zvokudya, upfu, mayunifomu, uyewo sezvakarayirwa 16 zviuru vanhu, Karl XII akaenda Smolensk. Pedyo nomusha Akanaka yaiva hondo iyo yeSweden vakatambura Nokurasikirwa pakati 1-2 zviuru vanhu, vari Russian, vaiva kagumi zvishoma. Peter akafara somwana zvakaisvonaka unyanzvi wehondo Russian.

Sangano rwezasi

Smolensk yeSweden payakakurudzirwa achinja mirayiridzo, uye Petro aizivikanwa kuti naye nomufambi chisimbiso. Russian akamurwisa. Mugumisiro mazhinji hondo muna anezvimiti uye marshes kwaiva kurasikirwa hondo Swedish ravarwi 8000, uye zvose zvokushandisa, izvo akadzinga mudungwe wemabhazi. Peter akarumbidza kukosha wokutanga guru takunda - nayo asati hondo Poltava. Uye Karl, pachinzvimbo uto guru akapiwa 6700 ragamuffins, mwoyo zvachose. To nokurasikirwa muviri uye mukwende Carl ane kukwanisa kuita. Aikwanisa kuenda kuchamhembe kuti vabate Petersburg, aigona kumabvazuva - achiparadza Moscow. Ukraine aiva mirayiridzo rechitatu. Uye pakupedzisira, Carl akakwanisa kumisa kutamba zvichaitirwa uye chinyararire kudzokera yechizvarigo, kwaakanga asvika kukokwa mueni. Charles aifanira shure haana kuronga kuti, zvaizoreva kurasikirwa kubwinya kukuru wehondo. Naizvozvo, zvisati akazarura nemugwagwa kumaodzanyemba Mazepa. Kwerinenge gore akaramba kusvikira musengwa kukundwa, yaachabva kuuya hondo Poltava.

Mazeppa

Pusa Hetman akakwanisa vafarirwe pachake zvikuru kuna Menshikov uye naPetro. All mishumo kuti ane unonyengera ukama Poland uye Sweden, hakuna kuongororwa nokungwarira. Uyezve, havana akaranga kusvikira aurayiwe vakanga ushingi chokwadi, dzichishandisa hwakawanda. Zvino Mazepa akatizira Buchanan akandomirira Charles uye nehondo yake zvokudya, ipapo kuna Peter chaiva chikuru nokurova. Asi zvakabvumiranwa kuti mauto eRussia akatapa Buchanan asati auya kwaari Charles. Taifanira kukurumidza. Account haana kunyange pamazuva uye panguva wachi. Menshikov samagariro, aiva mberi.

kukupfura yaaigara Baturin. Menshikov akauya zvose zvandaigona. The zororo iri nyore kupiswa. Achisvika pachoto, nyika yeSweden havana kuwana chii zvadzinofura uye zvokudya izvo akavimbisa Mazepa. Uye 30000th mauto, hwaakavimbisa kuna mambo, Mazepa haana. Akaperekedzwa duku yokuzviparadzanisa pamusoro Cossacks, waakange vakakwezvwa pachake, achivimbisa kuti vaizova kundorwa muvengi. (Zvino vachiri kurwisana Poltava, zvaida simba, iyo yava chinoshayikwa.)

Winter muUkraine

Yechando aive nehasha. hondo yamambo Swedish akanga achida inodziya kumativi yechando uye akagara zvokudya uye chikafu namabhiza. Asi, akanga akapoteredzwa nemauto Russian nguva akarwisa. vanhu vokuAmerica zvandisingadi kuita richatorwa vaKaturike, vakaungana vari muzvikwata remagandanga uye regai kupa zororo kuna yeSweden. nyika yeSweden vaigona sei kufanorongwa panze misasa kupfuura kuchitonhora. Army Vaidzungaira ari steppes, vachiedza kuwana pokugara, zvokudya uye zororo. guta rose, vakasangana munzira, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti kunokomba, vaita nazvo, kazhinji zvaioneka. Mauto hazvisirizvo. Uye muna April 1709 Akakwezva Charles Poltava. Aisagona kufungidzira kuti kuchaguma hondo Poltava!

Poltava

Yaiva Panzvimbo. Zvinokwanisika nyore nhengo Crimean Khanate uye kubuda vavabatsire. It anoziva uye Karl uye naPetro. In Poltava, izvo akadzivirirwa pomuouki masvingo chete, yaiva Russian ravarwi. nhamba dzake dzakanga ufuza - 4200 vanhu. Charles akaswedera kwaari nehondo 35 000 vanhu. Sezvingatarisirwa, zvaiita kuti aigona kutora nyore ive ichi nhare duku. Muna April, zvakashaya pasi kurwisa nhare.

Ivo kaviri vakakundikana. YeSweden kufunga uye akasarudza kutanga rwokukomba. Asi rubatsiro akanga atova akakurumidza Poltava duku Russian vamabhiza - 7000 varume pasi murayiro K. E. Renne. Pakukombwa kunoitwa yeSweden muna Poltava kuoma ndechokuti zvakanga akanzi atungamirire Cossacks. Vakamanikidzwa kuitisa kupikidura uye inopisa Cossacks vakafunga zvichenjerere kunyadziswa. Uyezve, nyika yeSweden havana kuva zvombo kukombwa. Uye boka ravarwi nevagari duku dzakavakirirwa Castle. Vakanga vasina kumbofunga kwake kupa yeSweden. Hapana aiziva kuti dzasara mitatu vasati pakatanga Poltava kurwa. 1709 uchaburuka munhoroondo yedu, uye musi waJuly 10 vachange kupembererwa sezvo Day kubwinya uto Russia.

Vachigadzirira kurwa

Nepo Russian divi akanga vachigadzirira kurwa anokosha, Poltava heroically akadzivirira. The guta akamhanya vanhuwo zvavo kubva mumisha pedyo, asi pakanga pasina zvokudya zvakakwana. Atova May, vanhu vakatanga kufa nenzara. It vasina nuclei, uye pfuti akatanga undoraira cobblestones. Ravarwi akachinja kuita pomoto Swedish emapuranga zvivako hari izere kufashaira tara. Poltava akamboda kuita Swedish kurwisa. okupedzisira nzvimbo yakanga zvinotyisa. Summer wakawedzera zvinokunetsa itsva. Nemhaka yokupisa iri nyama vakasimuka makonye, uye zvakava kukodzera chikafu. Chingwa zvakanga zvakaoma uye zviduku zvakawanda. Pakanga pasina munyu. At akakuvadzwa nokukurumidza dzakabudirira neronda rinonyenga. Mabara vakakandirwa kubva Russian akanhonga pasi kutungamirira. Uye zuva rose havana kurega Russian ruzha. Mauto Swedish atova vaneta, asi Petro akafunga kuti hazvina kukwana.

Care of murayiro Russian

murayiro Russian wakakombwa akabatsira kutungamirira. Masoja Nine vakakwanisa kupinda ravarwi. Navo, nhare akaonekwa uye gunpowder uye kutungamirira. Mukutanga June, akatungamirirwa Boris Sheremetyev hondo yose Russian vaungana mune rakavakirirwa mumusasa. Apo mumwe yokurwiswa regiments Russian vakasunungurwa masoja anopfuura chiuru Russian vakasungwa nokuda yeSweden. Nokukurumidza uto yasvika, Petro.

Akanga mhiri kworwizi. Council Military akasarudza kuvaka chikepe uyambuke kurutivi paiva Poltava. Izvi zvakaitwa. Uye shure Russian, sezvo kamwe pazuva ari Kulikovo munda waiva rwizi. (Hondo Poltava muna 1709 kuchaitika nokukurumidza. In mavhiki maviri.)

Anoshanda ari Russian mumusasa

Army reba kuwana ivhu. pachiuno maviri akadzivirira musango, necheshure - rwizi pamwe mabhiriji. Pamberi Vanguard akatambanudza pachena. Rakanga kubva ipapo, Petro akanga akamirira kurwisa yeSweden. Pane vaivaka anodzivirira hurongwa - redoubts. On pachena ichi, uye uchava Hondo Poltava, izvo uchaburuka munhau yedu pamwe yakadaro yakachinja, sezvo Battle of Ice, Kulikov, uye Hondo Stalingrad.

kuvhurira

Pamberi hondo, chete pezvizuva pamberi payo, Karl XII muna rokuberekwa kwake akakuvadzwa. Ndicho, havawani kwemakore ose kurwa rimwe muvare, waylaid Russian bara. Iye akarova chitsitsinho vakaenda vachigura rutsoka rose, zvachose mapfupa. Harusati kuderedza kushingaira wamambo, uye pakati pousiku musi June 27 hondo yakatanga. Akanga asina kusazoitika-kurinda Russian. Menshikov navatasvi vamabhiza ake pakarepo vakaona yomuvengi kufamba. Swedish inifanduri atirari akapfurwa amboita.

Four Swedish pfuti kune mazana isu. Ukuru akanga serakaoma. Menshikov aida kurwa, achikumbira vavabatsire. Asi Petro akarambidza shungu dzake uye akabvisa kuna necheshure. The yeSweden akatora rinoshamisa iri shure, akamhanya achitevera iye uye tisingazivi akaswedera musasa pfuti. kurasikirwa kwavo vakanga kukuru.

Hondo Poltava, 1709 fung gore

Nenguva sere mangwanani, Peter akavakazve muchiuto. Pakati akaisa inifanduri, iyo atirari pakati iyo anovapavhurira zvakaenzana. The emauto rakanga riri pachiuno. Ichi - kutanga hondo inokosha! Kuunganidza kwake simba rose, Charles akavaisa nzvimbo yaro inifanduri hangu chakatsindirwa. The counterattack Petro pachake akatungamirira rechiuto.

Pachiuno wokuRussia emauto vakamhanya. The atirari haana kurega. YeSweden, akawira uye anodonha pfuti yake hombe kwazvo, kubudisa akadzvova yaiita zvawa masvingo. Under Menshikov akauraya mabhiza maviri. Peter akapfura heti. All munda Zavoloka utsi. YeSweden avhunduka. Charles vakanhonga ake, uye akanga achiedza kuramba anopenga dzokera shure. Asi hapana aiteerera. Ipapo mambo amene akagara mungoro uye ndokumhanyira Dnieper. More muRussia havana kumuona.

Muhondo pane yeSweden vanopfuura zviuru mapfumbamwe kare rawa. kurasikirwa yedu yakasvika zvishoma kupfuura chiuru. The kukunda yakanga yose uye kusiko.

kutambudzwa

The vakasara vemauto Swedish, uye rakanga 16 000 vanhu, zuva rakatevera dzakamiswa uye yabvuma kuti vakundi. Muchiuto nesimba pamusoro yeSweden yakanga zvachose dzakazungunuka.

Kana uchiti uri Hondo Poltava, zvishoma, unogona kupfupikiswa rimwe shoko - kukunda kuti akasimudza yakakwirira maonero Russia munyika dzokuMadokero. The nyika yasvika kure Russia kuRussia, akaipedza pamusoro pamunda Poltava. Uye naizvozvo tinofanira kurangarira gore chii chaiva Hondo Poltava - mumwe mana chikuru munhoroondo yenyika yedu.