Ancient Roman akitekicha: asi wakaoma nokubwinya

Rome Ancient zvinoshamisa kwete chete nokuda nhoroondo yaro zvechiuto. Nokuti nhoroondo vazukuru Romans-gore zviuru kupfuura akapa kwazvo pamutemo framework, nheyo mutambo uye satire, isina mhinduro art. Asi zvikuru zvose ndinoyemura nhasi inhaka netsika uye ouinjiniya kuti asiya mavakirwo Rome yekare. Kukura kuvakwa uye ouinjiniya Ancient Roman Empire rakakamurwa huru nhatu yenguva: iri Republican, Imperial uye nguva Principate uye vanatenzi.

Ancient Rome: zvokuvhoterwa nguva mapurani (pezana VI - pezana I remakore BC.)

Kana uchida shoko rimwe kutsanangura iyi, ivo achava "kongiri." Rakanga akabva tega rinokosha sezvamunoita dzine pumice, kuputika dota, madota uye nezvikara ibwe. Concrete rava budiriro iri zvinobvira kuvaka mhando anokosha zvivako - soro-simuka, izvo kuti yenhoroondo vakanga hwokuratidza kuvinga weRoma Republic. Pamwe chete kongiri kushandiswa tuff, zvidhina uye namatema.

akitekicha Ancient Roman kuti nguva kunoratidzwa mhando mbiri zvivako - peripter (rectangular) uye yeraundi (kumativi serin'i chivakwa). In magadzirirwo uye kuvakwa kwezvivako vari kushandiswa mirairo mana - Doric, Ionic, vokuKorinde uye Tuscan. Uchibatsirwa dzavo, dzenhoroondo monument dzakavakwa - basil Kesari, temberi Vesta, ari Forum mutsva, imba Venus. Zvadaro pane tsika akajeka dzevoruzhinji pamwe akakura yakanyungudutswa, mune mabasa yaiva kufurirwa Greece.

Ancient akitekicha eRoma Republican nguva chamuita kuti kuvakwa uye kushandiswa akakura migwagwa, dzakasimba mabhiriji uye, chokwadi, aqueducts (pombi mvura). Mukuwedzera, nokugadzirwa nekongiri akabvumira zvinosanganisira michina Ensemble namaberere, hwakavigwa mumakamuri uye domes, uyewo chairwo pakuti yenhoroondo chete muRoma mukuru-vosimba zvivakwa.

Imperial nguva - ichatonga zvine mbiri dzenhoroondo mapurani pfungwa (I remakore BC -. II remakore AD.)

Nehasha uye monumentality pamwe muumbozha - kuti kunoratidzwa mavakirwo Rome yekare iyoyo. Tanga nayo, uye rinonyanya zvose pamusoro hweRoma, akaisa mukuru Oktavian Avgust. Zvaiva pasi utungamiriri hwake kubva ouinjiniya tsika wechipiri nzvimbo kunze zvidhinha. Gadzira mumwe Forum idzva, parera rinova mutemberi Mars pamutsivi, temberi Apollo, munhandare yemitambo Marcellus. New mapurani kuitika akanga kushandisa Pamifananidzo pamadziro zvivako uye kushandiswa zvikuru nematombo anokosha uye nendarama mukati kushongedzwa.

Asi aitungamirira chinzvimbo mune iyi kukura mapurani ndezvaJehovha Flavian youmambo uye Trajan. ushe hwavo inovakwa ari Pantheon ( "Temple vose vamwari") uye yeColosseum - chiratidzo wepanguva Italy wechokwadi. Vakati Akashandisawo chikamu kuvakwa kwokukunda Maberere - tsika ichiri kushandiswa nanhasi.

Dzinoratidzwa yokunyanyisa utsanana Romans pave nezvivako anokosha - mazwi. Architects vakava navo kuitira kuti thermoregulation dzokugezera dzeRoma akanga kuitwa pasi uye masvingo, uye nokuita nheyo "inodziya uriri".

Ancient Rome architecture nguva principate dominative uye (III munhu - pakugumburwa Empire.).

Nguva iyi ichazivikanwa noku chimbichimbi achichinja kubva muchihedheni kuchiKristu. The Constantine muna 313 inozivisa mukuru yezwi chitendero chitsva mumwe Mwari, iro zvinoratidzwa upenyu socio-tsika kwete chete. akitekicha Ancient Roman iyoyo inozivikanwa muhombe pakuvaka Basil - wokutanga pamutemo mumachechi echiKristu. Ivo Sechipanji chetsika Michina Roman kuvaka dzechitendero zvivako, pamwe chete yokuMabvazuva okunze.

Kuratidza kudenha venyika, eRoma dzakamanikidzwa kuvaka simba zvikuru kuzvidzivirira masvingo, kwakakurumbira muenzaniso wakanga Aurelian Walls. Zvinosuruvarisa, havaiti kuponeswa kubva nokuwa roumambo kukuru, asi unyanzvi yaishandiswa pakuvaka kwavo, uye kuMiddle Ages.

Ancient akitekicha Roman uye achiri fascinates kwete chete vanhuwo asiwo kunoparira nyanzvi. Buildings uye Zvivako hwacho vari zvinoorora dzavo Kupfupika uye kuzara nemitsetse. Kunotangwa anopfuura zviuru zviviri apfuura, zviga kuvakwa huru uye ebetsero zvivako anonyatsoenderana zvakakwana ano ouinjiniya nesayenzi. The yasara mapurani Zvivako kuratidza ano mweya wechokwadi Empire.