Genre anoshanda "Hero Chenguva Yedu". Psychological nganonyorwa Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova

Roman M. Yu. Lermontova "Hero Chenguva Yedu" yakabudiswa muna 1840. Munyori akanyora chikuru basa hwake kwemakore maviri, kubudisa pamusoro mapeji akakurumbira magazini "Anocherechedza of Yababa". basa iri gungano iroro raikosha kwete chete mubasa rake, asiwo Russian mabhuku seboka, sezvo bhuku rino raiva rokutanga akashinga uye vakabudirira ruzivo panguva imwe chete uwane mupfungwa kuongorora huru hunhu. Zvakanga zvisina kujairika uye rondedzero sezvamunoita pacharo, zvabvamburwa. Zvose izvi zvinhu mabasa Akakwezva vatsoropodzi, vaverengi, uye akariita chiero raro Genre.

patani

Roman Lermontova haana kuzviratidza pasina. Munyori anoshandisa zvose mhiri kwamakungwa uye mudzimba zvinyorwa kuti afemerwa pakusika zvakawanda hunhu uye kujairika nyaya. Mikhail Yurevich bhuku iri pfungwa dzake chaizvo zvakafanana "Evgeniya Onegina" Pushkin, kunyange rakanyorwa kupfuura kunoshamisa maitiro. Uyezve, munyori akavimba yokumwe ruzivo paakasika womukati nyika yacho gamba. Psychological nganonyorwa akanga nechakare muEurope. Genre anoshanda "Hero Chenguva Yedu" rinogona sokuva mupfungwa itsva nokuda yemunyori pfungwa maitiro uye kufara Pechorin.

Kunyatsoyeuka unhu hwakadaro aonekwe mabasa mudzidzisi French Rousseau. Zvinogonekawo kuti vaswedere zvakafanana pakati mabasa munyori uye mabasa Byron, Bestuzhev-vazoedemz. Mukusika rondedzero yake yepakutanga, munyori aisimbirira zviri nguva yake, iyo zvinoratidzwa rokuremekedza. Maererano nomunyori, akatsvaka uvhure maonero mufananidzo vezera rake - vechidiki zvakangwara vasingagoni kutora chinhu pachako uye vanopedza simba renyu iri asingabatsiri zvinhu zvakaipa, zvose pachavo uye vamwe.

Features sezvamunoita

Roman Lermontova ane kujairika kuvakwa sezvo kuenzaniswa nemamwe mabasa vakadarovo. Chekutanga, izvozvo yatyora anotevedzana maitikiro; chechipiri, kuti narrator kuti vatambi anoverengeka, kusanganisira, uye kubva huru hunhu. imwe nzira kwakadaro anosarudzwa munyori haasi netsaona. Iye nemaune akatanga nyaya pamwe mid-upenyu Pechorin. Muverengi anowana pfungwa naye mashoko womutorwa, ake ekare bhururu Bamba Maksimych. Zvadaro, munyori anoratidza maziso ake ari narrator, uyo akazviona ari parwendo, asi achiri vakakwanisa kuita kwaari zvakanaka pfungwa yose.

gamba mufananidzo

Sezvo mupfungwa yokufungidzira kunosanganisira mashoko akakwana kuongorora nyika chimiro yomukati, okupedzisira zvikamu zviviri zvakanyorwa nokuda Pechorin muchimiro dhayari vakanyoresa. Saka, muverengi anoona vacho panguva dzakasiyana pfungwa muupenyu hwake, uyo anotarira sokunge hakuna nzira chokuita nomumwe. Saka Lermontov vakatsvaka pave dissociation nguva, kuedza kuratidza kusabatsira nokuvapo hunhu hwako, izvo siyana nguva hwake zvinoratidza pachayo kwete zvakanakisisa mumativi.

Enzanisa pamwe Onegin

Genre anoshanda "Hero Chenguva Yedu" - imwe itsva mupfungwa nemunhu. basa iri, sezvo pamusoro apa, akanga chiitiko wokutanga mabhuku wokuRussia pakasikwa itsva mhando hunhu - vanonzi okushamisira munhu. Zvisinei, uye kuna Lermontov vamwe vanyori akasika munhu hunhu vasina kukodzera kupinda yakasimbiswa magariro uye hwezvematongerwe enyika hune wokuRussia chokwadi yokutanga yezana remakore rechi19. Chinonyanya glaring muenzaniso - Eugene Onegin, iro ndiro Pechorin aiva chakanaka uye sezvinoita remuSamoa kuedza kuwana mamwe kushandisa mauto ravo nezvavanokwanisa. Zvisinei, kana Pushkin anoratidzwa unhu rake hunhu hwakanaka zvinosetsa, ipapo Lermontov waisimbisa zvinoshamisa zvinoriumba. Psychological nganonyorwa Mikhail Yurevich razova chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha mabasa nguva.

Feature mufananidzo Pechorin

Mumuromo gamba rake, iye criticizes zvakaipa zvakaipa pamusoro panguva vanhu, zvikuru akaseka zvinokanganiswa kwenyika. Ichi anozivikanwa nomufananidzo Pechorin - haana kupedza simbe nguva sezvo Onegin mumusha, maitiro ake muupenyu chaizvo, haana chete criticizes zvakaipira zvinoumba vanhu, apo Kukosa, asiwo zvinhu, achifumura yakapoteredza mupfungwa nemiedzo imwe mhando.

Chikamu chokutanga

Genre anoshanda "gamba nguva yedu" uye akataura chepfungwa acho ari yokufungidzira. Munyori hunotaurwa kuputsa tsika mabhuku Russian, tinoberekwa Bestuzhev-Marlinsky, anobvumawo ane zvarisingazivi storyline uye vakagwinya nhoroondo. Lermontov haana nezvemuchato hwakadzama kuongorora dzomunyika mamiriro gamba rake. Chekutanga aifarira utsanangurirwe zvikonzero vatorwa, kujairika, gakava maitiro Pechorin. The kuedza kutanga kutsanangura unhu mukomana mukuru wakatora Maksim Maksimych, mutungamiri Caucasian nhare apo Pechorin vakashumira.

Good Captain akaedza pachokwadi kupa mamwe utsanangurirwe noshamisa zviito bhururu wake ari kubiwa weBhera kuda kwake uye kukurumidza kutonhora pfungwa, ake pachena, zvinoita sokuti hanya wake chakashata rufu. Zvisinei, Maksim Maksimych, nyore chaizvo uye unsophisticated, uye kunzwisisa chikonzero rakanda mweya Pechorin. Narrator, anoti chete kuti ekupedzisira sokuti chinoshamisa zvikuru munhu, nokuti chitarisiko chake zvakateverwa ngetani wokumwe uye zvinosuwisa.

asian

Kuchikoro zvidzidzo mumabhuku zvakakosha chaizvo kuti vadzidzi kunzwisisa mabasa Genre "gamba nguva yedu." Bhuku rino iri mupfungwa mufananidzo Pechorin, izvo zvinozoita ari seboka mufananidzo nevanyori akararama kuchizvarwa chevechiduku. Chikamu basa rechipiri Zvinofadza nekuti mairi muverengi anoona Pechorin maziso mumwe munhu naye munzanga, zera, dzidzo uye kurovedza. Naizvozvo, rondedzero yakapiwa narrator kuti unhu ichi, akakodzerwa vainyatsotarisirwa nokuti pasinei vachisimbisa pamusoro rokuongorora uye Kupfupika musangano, kupfuura kutsanangurwa mukuru. Chinokosha ndechokuti narrator anorondedzera kwete chete kuonekwa, asi anoedza zvokufungidzira pfungwa pamusoro Pechorin, uye zviri pamwe zvinobvira. Zvanzi rinotsanangura chokwadi nei yokufungidzira "A Hero Chenguva Yedu" anonzi nepfungwa. The narrator anoona chimiro Pechorin unhu hwakadai aikurudzira, simba uye kuneta. Uyezve, akaona kuti akanga asiri mumuviri uye mune zvokunamata kuderera. Pfungwa iri rwakabhadharwa kuna okuti nameso ake, izvo chakapenya vamwe phosphorescent chiedza uye havana kunyemwerera kana kuseka.

musangano

Mugumo chikamu ichi ndiko kutsanangura Petchorin musangano netsvimbo mukuru. Last vaishuva musangano uyu, akakurumidza jaya mupurisa ave shamwari yekare, asi akasangana zvikuru akadzikama womuchato. Old Captain akagumbuka chaizvo. Zvisinei, munyori, uyo gare gare yakabudiswa diaries Pechorin, akati kuti pashure kuaverenga kunzwisisa zvakawanda hunhu unhu, kuongorora zvose zviito zvavo uye zvausingakwanisi. Izvi ndizvo zvinoita kuti tinzwisise nei yokufungidzira "A Hero Chenguva Yedu" anonzi nepfungwa. Zvisinei, vari musangano Bamba Danho Maksimych muverengi Ungashamisika kana kunyange kuzvidzwa hunhu nokuda hanya kwakadaro. In Chiitiko ichi tsitsi zvachose parutivi rekare mukuru.

Story "Taman"

basa iri rwakaita pakutanga dhayari vakanyoresa Pechorin. In payo mukuru wechiduku anoudza kwete chete nyaya imwe eccentric uchinzvera mune yegungwa mutaundi duku, asi kuongorora maitiro avo. Akashamisa nyota yake usingagoni kuguta kuti upenyu, ichiti kuti vasina chinangwa uye musoro kupindira muupenyu munyika zvisiri pamutemo.

The chido kubatanidzwa muupenyu chimiro nevamwe vanhu, kunyange vasingadi - kuti iyi nyaya musoro. "Hero Chenguva Yedu" - mumwe yokufungidzira rinonyanya kwete zvikuru pamusoro rondedzero chokunze zviitiko, asi pane tsanangudzo kuongorora dzomunyika ehurumende vatambi. In chechipiri Pechorin anova chapupu nemanomano zvisiri pamutemo uye pachinzvimbo akangosiyiwa zvawo anopa kure ayo zvakavanzika. Somugumisiro, akanga anenge akanyudza, uye chikwata akamanikidzwa kutiza misha yavo. Saka, kuedza kunzwisisa Pechorin pachake kukodzera maitiro - ichi ndicho chikamu musoro wechipiri. "Hero Chenguva Yedu" Zvinofadza nokuti nguva anoratidza mufananidzo chimiro pamwe zvikuru akasiyana uye zvisingatarisirwi nzira.

"Princess Mary"

zvichida iyi ndiyo inonyanya kukosha uye dzinonakidza chikamu basa. Zviri muchikamu ichi mutambi kunoratidzwa zvakazara. The chiito kuitika kuchirapa mvura eCaucasus.

Mukomana mukuru, kuti seka shamwari yake Grushnitsky, achawira murudo vechiduku Princess Mary. Pasinei chokwadi iye hanya naye, zvisinei, haagoni kuda kwake pamusoro chaicho. Pechorin kuti yokufungidzira "Hero Chenguva Yedu" iri kunyanya nyaya inoratidza pacharo pamwe disadvantageous divi. It kwete chete anonyengera musikana, asi ari duel uye anouraya Grushnitsky. Zvisinei muchikamu ichi Grigoriy Aleksandrovich tsitsi nenzira rinokusha zvainovhiringidzawo. Pano anotsanangura hunhu wake: mumashoko ake, ane vasina chinangwa dandadzo, kushaya shamwari, tsitsi uye kunzwisisa kunge zvaireva kuti akava bile, hasha uye nyararisa. Zvisinei, iye anogumisa kuti "vatorwa mwoyo zvachose." Iye anoti mashoko ake kwete chete kune vamwe asiwo amene.

Pechorin mu "Hero Chenguva Yedu" yokufungidzira, richazarurwa nyaya iyi zvizere. The kupfuura dzinonakidza rake chinyorwa zvichiratidza pamusoro avaida kuti duel Grushnitsky, umo iye anogumisa ake upenyu. Mukomana mukuru anoti upenyu hwake Zvechokwadi, musoro, asi kuti haana kukwanisa kunzwisisa iye.

rudo mutsetse

Batsirai kunzwisisa zviri nani unhu ukama vake nevakadzi. Munguva nganonyorwa pane vatatu rudo nyaya, chimwe nechimwe unoratidza nezvezvisikwa wechidiki mukuru kubva kumativi akasiyana. Chokutanga izvi Rinobatanidzwa nerwonzi Bhera. Pachisikirwo achiri musikana, rusununguko-rudo, sezvo vakura mumakomo pakati pamarudzi Caucasian.

Naizvozvo, nokukurumidza kutonhora nayo Pechorin chaizvoizvo akauraya naye. The nganonyorwa "A Hero Chenguva Yedu", hadzi vanotaurwa izvo kunzwisisa zviri nani mupfungwa mufananidzo unhu, vakazvipira uchida tsananguro yacho maitiro rejaya mukuru. In chechipiri panewo rudo mutsetse, asi zviri nani asingafungi.

Kunyange zvakadaro, ndiyo nyaya vakashanda hwaro chivande munyaya yechipiri. The gamba pachake haazivi sei kuongorora zviito dzavo: "Benzi kana akaipa, handizivi" - anoti nezvake. Muverengi anoona kuti Pechorin iri ainyatsoziva zvepfungwa vanhu vakavapoteredza; pakarepo kufembera chimiro komweni. Zvisinei, iye anopa zvarisingazivi kutsika, mune akavaziva, izvo zvakazoita kuti chinoshamisa nemagumo.

The inogadzirwa "Hero Chenguva Yedu", ane hadzi vatambi vari anonakidza nokuti nzira imwe kana mumwe kukanganiswa njodzi Pechorin, rakapera vokupedzisira rudo mutsetse mukuru uye muchindakadzi. Last kufarira yepakutanga hunhu Pechorin, asi akakundikana kupedza kubata kwake. Munyaya chete pane tsanangudzo ukama Grigori Aleksandrovich pamwe Princess Vera, riri nani pane vamwe vose vakanzwisisa unhu hwake. Saka, kutanga yokufungidzira mupfungwa mumabhuku Russian aiva inogadzirwa "Hero Chenguva Yedu". Quotes huru hunhu tichiriratidza sezvo kunzwisisa uye zvakawanda murume.